Business & Finance Chapter 1 Sets forth rules governing the legal relationships among members

178. sets forth rules governing the legal relationships among members of society and is enforced mostly through

the state court systems.

a. criminal law

b. bankruptcy law

c. environmental law

d. public law

e. private law

179. sets forth rules governing the legal relationships among members of society and is enforced mostly through

the state court systems.

a. criminal law

b. bankruptcy law

c. environmental law

d. public law

e. none of the other choices

180. Which of the following concerns legal wrongs committed against the government:

a. tort law

b. procedural law

c. ethical law

d. private law

e. criminal law

181. Which of the following concerns legal wrongs committed against the government:

a. tort law

b. procedural law

c. ethical law

d. private law

e. none of the other choices are correct

182. Criminal law:

a. concerns legal wrongs or crimes committed against the state

b. concerns legal wrongs or crimes committed against businesses

c. concerns the environment

d. concerns sales

e. concerns contracts

183. The objective of criminal law is to:

a. provide restitution for the victim of the crime

b. punish the wrongdoer for wrongs against the government

c. require the wrongdoer to pay money damages to the injured party

d. the three specific choices are correct

e. none of the three specific choices are correct

184. The objective of criminal law is to:

a. provide restitution for the victim of the crime

b. strongly enforce ethical norms of social behavior

c. require the wrongdoer to pay money damages to the injured party

d. let judges make new precedent

e. none of the other choices are very good answers

185. For a person to be found guilty under a criminal statute, the jury must find the evidence presented demonstrates:

a. beyond all doubt that the person committed the crime

b. by a preponderance of the evidence that the person committed the crime

c. beyond a reasonable doubt that the person committed the crime

d. more than a modicum of doubt exists that the person committed the crime

e. none of the other standards apply in a criminal case

186. For a person to be found guilty under a criminal statute, the jury must find the evidence presented demonstrates:

a. beyond all doubt that the person committed the crime

b. by a preponderance of the evidence that the person committed the crime

c. more than a modicum of doubt exists that the person committed the crime

d. res ipsa loquitur by the defendant

e. none of the other choices are correct

187. A misdemeanor is:

a. a more serious offense than a felony

b. a less serious offense than a felony

c. equivalent to a felony

d. a violation of private law

e. none of the other choices

188. A misdemeanor is:

a. a more serious offense than a felony

b. a violation of contract law

c. equivalent to a felony

d. a violation of private law

e. none of the other choices

189. A criminal offense that is less serious than a felony is a:

a. misdemeanor

b. tort

c. defamation

d. medical malpractice

e. breach of contract

190. If a criminal offense is punishable by imprisonment for more than a year, it is probably a:

a. tort

b. defamation

c. felony

d. misdemeanor

e. breach of contract

191. If a criminal offense is punishable by a fine and/or imprisonment for less than a year, it is probably a:

a. felony

b. tort

c. breach of contract

d. misdemeanor

e. defamation

192. The non-criminal law concerning the rights and duties that exist among individuals to each other, or to the state, is:

a. administrative law

b. procedural law

c. constitutional law

d. civil law

e. felony law

193. The non-criminal law concerning the rights and duties that exist among individuals to each other, or to the state, is:

a. administrative law

b. procedural law

c. constitutional law

d. felony law

e. none of the other choices are correct

194. Civil law is:

a. non-criminal law concerning the rights and duties that exist among individuals to each other, or to the state

b. criminal law concerning the rights and duties that exist among individuals to each other, or to the state

c. criminal law concerning felonies

d. criminal law concerning misdemeanors

e. none of the other choices

195. Invasion of privacy, defamation, and trespass are examples of civil law under the category of:

a. contract law

b. tort law

c. felony offenses

d. misdemeanor offenses

e. none of the other choices are correct

196. Which of the following is an example of a criminal felony?

a. homicide

b. fiduciary duty

c. invasion of privacy

d. intentional breach of contract

e. trespass

197. Which of the following is usually a criminal felony?

a. trespass

b. fiduciary duty

c. invasion of privacy

d. intentional breach of contract

e. none of the other choices are correct

198. Less serious crimes, punishable by fine or imprisonment for less than a year, are generally classified as:

a. torts

b. misdemeanors

c. fraud

d. negligence

e. procedural violations

199. Less serious crimes, punishable by fine or imprisonment for less than a year, are generally classified as:

a. torts

b. fraud

c. negligence

d. procedural violations

e. none of the other choices are correct

200. If someone is sued in a civil suit, such as in tort for hitting someone on the head with a stick, to find the wrongdoer

liable, the jury must find that the injured party was favored by:

a. evidence beyond a reasonable doubt

b. substantive evidence

c. the preponderance of the evidence

d. civil evidence

e. none of the other choices are correct

201. If someone is sued in a civil suit, such as in tort for hitting someone on the head with a stick, to find the wrongdoer

liable, the jury must find that the injured party was favored by:

a. evidence beyond a reasonable doubt

b. substantive evidence

c. felony evidence

d. judicial doubt

e. none of the other choices are correct

202. Which of the following characteristics differentiates a civil law system from common law:

a. civil law systems are inquisitorial rather than adversarial

b. civil law is code-based rather than case-based

c. civil law is influenced more by academic experts than by practicing lawyers

d. all of the other specific choices are correct

e. none of the other specific choices are correct

203. Civil law originated in:

a. the Roman Empire

b. the Ottoman Empire

c. ancient China

d. Portugal

e. Britain

204. The Napoleonic Codes were early examples of:

a. tort law

b. contract law

c. civil law

d. criminal law

e. common law

205. Under a civil law system, judges can:

a. only rule on matters lawyers bring them

b. initiate proceedings on their own

c. only rule on cases involving businesses

d. only rule on tort cases

e. none of the other choices

206. Laws that define and establish legal rights and regulate behavior are referred to as:

a. procedural laws

b. moral laws

c. substantive laws

d. stare decisis

e. none of the other choices are correct

207. Laws that define and establish legal rights and regulate behavior are referred to as:

a. procedural laws

b. moral laws

c. judicial ethics

d. stare decisis

e. none of the other choices are correct

208. How substantive law is enforced through the courts is determined by:

a. criminal law

b. civil law

c. procedural law

d. public law

e. private law

209. Procedural law specifies:

a. how a lawsuit should begin

b. what legal documents need to be filed in a lawsuit

c. which court may hear a case

d. how trials proceed

e. all of the other choices are part of that

210. Procedural, as opposed to substantive, law generally includes all of the following except for:

a. court orders

b. securities regulation

c. rules of evidence

d. administrative procedure

e. all of the other choices are procedural law

211. Procedural, as opposed to substantive, law generally includes all of the following except for:

a. court orders

b. contract law

c. rules of evidence

d. administrative procedure

e. all of the other choices are procedural law

212. Substantive, as opposed to procedural, law includes:

a. antitrust law

b. administrative procedure

c. civil procedure

d. criminal procedure

e. none of the other choices are correct

213. Substantive, as opposed to procedural, law includes:

a. contract law

b. administrative procedure

c. civil procedure

d. criminal procedure

e. all of the other choices are correct

214. Surveys suggest that, over the past years:

a. business leaders have become more ethical

b. workers at for-profit firms have become more ethical

c. workers at not-for-profit firms have become more ethical

d. public confidence in the ethical standards of business leaders has fallen

e. public confidence in the ethical standards of politicians has risen

215. Ethics, in the context of business practitioners:

a. has to do with rules or standards governing the conduct of members of a profession and how standards are

put into action within an organization

b. has to do with only rules governing interactions with other corporations

c. has to do with federal regulations about racial discrimination

d. all of the other specific choices

e. none of the other specific choices

216. Integrity means:

a. thinking things through before making decisions

b. not living by a moral code, but maintaining a certain standard of ethics

c. living by a moral code and standards of ethics

d. all of the other specific choices

e. none of the other specific choices

217. Morality concerns:

a. conformity to the rules of the common law

b. conformity to rules of correct conduct within the context of a society, religion, or other institution

c. living in accordance with the law

d. living an ascetic lifestyle

e. conformity to the rules of civil law

218. Generally accepted rules of correct conduct within the standards of a society are:

a. etiquette

b. ethics

c. morals

d. manners

e. all of the other choices are correct

219. Morals refer to:

a. correct rules of conduct within the standards of a society

b. abstract theoretical concepts in the study of ethics

c. the rule of law

d. etiquette

e. none of the other choices are correct

220. The law is ethics, integrity and morality.

a. is always in opposition of

b. synonymous with

c. integrated into

d. distinct from

e. closely related to

221. Bribes are:

a. illegal

b. unethical

c. sometimes used to obtain business contracts from government officials

d. all of the other specific choices

e. none of the other specific choices

222. In response to declining public image and to internal problems, most corporations now have:

a. written codes of ethics

b. occasional discussions about ethical dilemmas

c. intensive multi–week training about ethics

d. more in–house security guards

e. none of the other choices are used

223. To help create an improved internal ethical environment many companies now use:

a. administrative law judges

b. off-duty police

c. corporate compliance programs

d. commercial codes

e. litigation specialists

224. Some companies have employees take ethics classes online, rather than attend a classroom lesson. What has been

the biggest drawback to online classes:

a. testing knowledge is difficult

b. the evidence is that people do not pay much attention

c. it cannot be used to cover legal issues

d. failure of eye contact

e. none of the other choices are big drawbacks

225. Some companies have employees take ethics classes online, rather than attend a classroom lesson. One of the

advantages to online classes is:

a. employees who cannot hear well can still do online classes

b. employees prefer to be online

c. employees must be more attentive than when grouped in a large auditorium

d. employees retain information better when it is presented on a computer

e. employees are statistically less likely to violate ethics if they take an online course

226. Pressures to improve the ethical “climate” of a company come from:

a. other managers, as businesses become less hierarchical

b. boards of directors

c. federal statutes

d. customers

e. all of the other choices can be correct

227. Which one contributed to the push for changes in corporate culture to include codes of ethics:

a. changes in management structure (less hierarchical)

b. the U.S. Sentencing Guidelines

c. boards of directors

d. all of the other choices play that role

e. pressure from the public

228. With respect to the relation between morality and legality:

a. legality does not always imply morality

b. illegality defines immorality

c. legality defines morality

d. none of the three specific choices are correct

e. the three specific choices are all correct

229. Corporate social responsibility, as written about by Peter Drucker, is defined as:

a. “the ethics of social responsibility”

b. “the ethics of moral responsibility”

c. “the ethics of ethical responsibility”

d. “the ethics of human responsibility”

e. “the ethics of economic responsibility”

230. In his writings about “the ethics of social responsibility” Peter Drucker asserts that the first responsibility of a

business leader is:

a. to ensure that the company upholds its ethical standards

b. to ensure that there is no racial discrimination

c. to ensure that everyone gets an equal share of the profits

d. to ensure that the corporate mission is fulfilled

e. none of the other choices

231. In Lamson v. Crater Lake Motors, in which a car sales employee who felt that the sales tactics of the company

were unethical and was fired after he refused to cooperate sued the company for wrongful discharge, the appeals

court found that:

a. Lamson had no case because his actions were not an important public duty

b. Lamson had no case because his actions were illegal

c. Lamson had no case because Crater Lake Motors was participating in illegal transactions, but Lamson was

not aware of them

d. Lamson had no case because Crater Lake Motors had no history of racial discrimination

e. Lamson had no case because he had a history of making false claims against the company

232. In Lamson v. Crater Lake Motors, in which a car sales employee who felt that the sales tactics of the company

were unethical and was fired after he refused to cooperate sued the company for wrongful discharge, the appeals

court found that Lamson had no case because:

a. he was not explicitly or implicitly directed to participate in any unlawful activity

b. his actions were not an important public duty

c. the defendant took no action concerning the plaintiff that amounted to a tort under the applicable law

d. all of the other specific choices

e. none of the other specific choices