7
Chapter Seven
SHORT ANSWER
1. The __________ Problem addresses whether sacrificing one person in order to spare
several others is morally permissible.
2. The __________ asserts that even though an action is Pareto-improving, the actor is
able to take an unfair share of the gains.
3. Because it treats all gains as morally positive, __________ is criticized as too
permissible.
4. __________ denies the special moral relationship between us and the actions and
consequences that are reasonably called ours.
5. Taking special responsibility for our actions and how they relate to others is called
__________.
6. __________ states that specific actions should be judged by whether they follow
morally accepted practices and behaviors.
ESSAY
1. Using the Trolley Problem and the Hospital Case, outline the two difficulties they
raise for utilitarianism.
2. Discuss why the Pareto Criterion is not sufficient to answer the Trolley Problem or the
Hospital Case.
3. Analyze the ways that welfarism fails to fully address moral relevance.
4. Compose an argument against consequentialism and report on its major deficiencies.
5. Distinguish the ideas of integrity and directed obligations from the general view of
consequentialism.
6. Describe the main consequentialist retorts to its opponents. Explain whether or not
they are persuasive.