Chapter 04: Privacy
25. The Gramm-Leach-Bliley Act includes three key rules that affect personal privacy: financial privacy rule,
safeguards rule, and pretexting rule.
26. The Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Act:
extends the protections offered under the Wiretap Act to electronic communications, such as email,
fax, and messages sent over the Internet.
was passed by Congress in 1994 and amended both the Wiretap Act and the Electronic
Communications Privacy Act.
requires any company doing business within the borders of the countries comprising the European
Union to implement a set of privacy directives on the fair and appropriate use of information.
allows surveillance, without court order, within the United States for up to a year unless the
“surveillance will acquire the contents of any communication to which a U.S. person is a party.”
27. In the context of the Fourth Amendment, the courts have ruled that:
recordings by the FBI of various telephone calls made by a U.S. citizen from a public phone booth do
not violate an individual’s privacy
Federal agents can listen to phone conversations of U.S. citizens without a warrant
without a reasonable expectation of privacy, there is no privacy right
the Fourth Amendment is no longer valid