A B C D E
1
The obedience to authority/fear of punishment stage whereby the person
defines right or wrong based on the obedience to rules from those in power
represent which stage of Kohlberg‘s moral development?
First stage Second stage Third stage Fourth stage Fifth stage
2
According to Kohlberg’s theory, the stage where an individual determines
right or wrong based on the impact of the consequences of actions on
significant others, is the
First stage of moral development Second stage of moral development Third stage of moral development Fourth stage of moral development None of the above
3
According to Kohlberg‘s (1969) the stage of moral development where a
person chooses the action that satisfies personal gains the most, is the
First stage Second stage Third stage Fourth stage Fifth stage
4
According to Kohlberg’s theory, the stage where a person judges an action
as right or wrong depending on whether such action violate rule and
regulations, is the
First stage Second stage Second stage Fourth stage None of the above
5
The more idealistic an individual is,
The higher the concern for the
welfare for himself and the higher the
desire to minimize harm to others.
The higher the concern for the
Welfare for others and the lower the
desire to minimize harm to others.
The lower the concern for the
welfare for himself and the higher
the desire to minimize harm to
others.
The lower the concern for the
Welfare for othersand the lower the
desire to minimize harm to others
None of the above
6
As managers face ethical issues,…provide insights into the processes
behind ethical decision-making.
Ethical theories The universal ethical principles Moral philosophies Moral justification None of the above
7
The basic premise of utilitarian ethics suggest that when deciding among
many potential options, an individual will
Only consider the benefits caused by
the action and then choose the option
that maximizes good.
Only consider the benefits caused
by the action and then choose the
option that minimize harms are also
considered.
Only consider the benefits caused
by the action
Consider equality and fairness None of the above
8
Which of the following regarding Kantian ethics is not true?
Kantian ethics is based on the
assumption that human beings
cannot be treated as means to an
end
Kantian ethics does not take into
consideration the consequences of a
decision
The decision made under Kantian
ethics should have universal
acceptability
Kantian ethics assume that every
human being should be treated with
dignity and respect
Kantian ethics decisions are
based on minimization of harm
and maximization of benefits.
9
According to Kohlberg‘s theory, the stage that indivuals base their
decisions on ethical principles of right and wrong and consider good to
society:
First stage Second Stage Third stage Fourth stage Fifth stage
10
At which stage of Kohlberg’s thoery does the decision-maker determine
whether an action is right based on universal ethical principles that
everyone should follow
Principled stage Rules and laws stage Universal ethical stage Expectation of other stage Self-interest stage
11
Which stage is more of a theoretical stage of Kohlberg’s theory, that very
few people actually attain?
Universal ethical stage Expectation of others stage Principled stage Self-interest stage None of the above
12
At what stage of Kohlberg’s theory are people more likely to engage in
unethical behavior?
First and second stage Third and fourth stage Fifth and sixth stage Both b. and c. Any stage
13
In which level of Rest, one of Kohlberg’s former students, are decisions
typically driven internally by either reward or punishent
Post-conventional level Conventional level Pre-conventional level Principled level None of the above
14
Which one of Rest’s levels combines Kohlberg‘s stage three and four, and
states that decisions are based on external rules and norms coming form
family, friends, peers, and society?
Post-conventional level Conventional level Pre-conventional level Principled level None of the above
15
The basic premise of __________ is that the moral worth of an action is
bsed on the consequences of that actions?
Virtue ethics Idealistic ethics Relative ethics Utilitarian ethics None of the above
16
In what way (s) is utilitarian ethics advantageous for organizational
decision making?
Helps to guage the impact of
organizational decisions
Forces decision-makers to consider
both costs and benefits
It doesn’t provide any preference
to any specific groups affected by
decisions
All of the above None of the above
17
Emphasis of decisions made by individuals of good moral character and
integrity describes:
Utilitarian ethics Virtue ethics Relativism Idealism None of the above
18 Which of the following is an advantage of virtue ethics?
Employees who do things out of
their moral ideals are ore likely to be
trusted then those simply following
rules
Employees with virtue ethics are
more likely to understand what
ethical behavior should be
performed.
Individuals engage in virtue ethics
are more motivated to make moral
decisions
All of the above None of the above
Chapter 3 Questions:
19
… refers to the preferred way for individuals to approach ethical decision-
making:
Moral philosophies Ethical philosophies Relativism Idealism None of the above
20
The _________ and individual is on the _____________ scale, the more
likely they will reject the existence of universal laws and codes.
Lower, Idealism Higher, Idealism Higher, Relativism Lower, Relativism None of the above
21
Which of the following people are more likely to make ethcial choices
when confronted with situations that have ethical implications?
People that demonstrate relativism People that demonstrate idealism Both will encourage ethical choices
Neither, as both discuss ethical
theories
22
Which of the following are characteristics of institutional anomie theory
(IAB)?
Leads to conflicts between the social
structure of a society and the goals
of a society
Members of society will resot to
any means to achieve the societyal
goals
Disconnet from society
Individuals willing to break laws to
attain their goals
All of the above
23
Individuals with __________ __________ are more likely to use the
situation to justify the unethical choices
High relativism Low relativism High idealisim Low idealism None of the above
24 Which of the following are benefits of Kantian?
Fosters universal decisions that are
not guided by specific situations
Emphasized treating human beings
with dignity and respect
Focuses on principles rather than
consequences of actions
All of the above None of the above
25
In the Ford Motors case, what did engineers decide not to include on
their Ford Pinto production to cut costs, that cut costs and brought about
an ethical issue?
Flame resistant tires Seat belts Air bags Rear blinkers Rubber baldder in the gas tank