44. One major difference between disparate treatment and disparate impact is
a. one is based on hatred.
b. one is intentional.
c. one is based on inaction.
d. there are no differences between them.
45. Which groups’ buying power is expected to increase to $1.1 trillion by 2020?
a. African-Americans.
b. Asian-Americans.
c. Hispanics.
d. Arabs.
46. In the 1970’s, women began to see that their workplace situation was no better than that of.
a. men.
b. African-Americans.
c. Asian-Americans.
d. older workers.
47. The Lily Ledbetter Fair Pay Act of 2009
a. requires that women be paid the same as men for their work.
b. institutes a comparative value for the different kinds of work done by men and by women.
c. requires that pay be “fair” rather than equal.
d. resets the statute of limitations clock each time a discriminatory paycheck is issued.
48. The Equal Pay Act of 1963
a. applies to pay differences based on seniority.
b. determines wages on the basis of quantities produced.
c. prohibits discrimination between men and women on the basis of sex in payment of wages.
d. applies to pay differences on the basis of merit.
49. The Rehabilitation Act of 1973, Section 503, applies to
a. all rehabilitation facilities.
b. rehabilitation facilities who have contracts with the federal government.
c. all employers who have contracts with the federal government.
d. all state employees.
50. Religious discrimination includes
a. recommending a Sunday School..
b. refusing to hire or fire someone after learning their religion.
c. accommodating religious-related garb.
d. being open for business on Sundays.
51. Sexual harassment
a. is a worldwide problem.
b. affects men and women in equal numbers.
c. is relatively easy to prove in courts.
d. is clearly defined in the law.
52. Religious discrimination complaints
a. do not exist.
b. are declining.
c. are consistent.
d. more than doubled.
53. Taking positive steps to hire and promote people from groups previously discriminated against is called
a. preferential hiring and firing policies.
b. affirmative action.
c. restitution action.
d. retributive justice.
54. Diversity fatigue is
a. when companies fail to rethink management styles.
b. companies are tired of hearing about diversity.
c. people with sleep disorders are discriminated against.
d. diversity in a company stays consistent.
55. Ethical blindness is
a. discrimination against blind workers..
b. refusing to see ethics as a business issue.
c. when decision makers behave unethically without being aware.
d. discrimination against the elderly.
56. The essential function of a job
a. is the same for every job.
b. is difficult to determine.
c. only applies to private sector jobs.
d. is up to the employer.
57. Shifts in managing diversity include
a. discrimination-and-fairness.
b. access-and-legislation.
c. integration-and-learning.
d. All of these.
58. Religious discrimination includes
a. allowing employees to pray at work.
b. asking employees their religious affiliations.
c. discharging workers who take leave for religious events.
d. providing bibles in the breakroom.
59. The principle that reparation is owed to the person or people harmed by an injustice is
a. distributive justice.
b. procedural justice.
c. contributive justice.
d. compensatory justice.
60. The principle objection to Affirmative Action is that it leads to
a. compensatory justice.
b. reverse discrimination.
c. “what goes around comes around.”
d. legalized discrimination.
61. Retaliation can be
a. demotion.
b. harassment.
c. negative references.
d. all of these.
62. Under Title IX the burden of proof includes all of the following except
a. the accused must confess
b. the school must be aware of sexual harassment
c. harassment must take place in educational setting
d. the school must fail to take steps to stop it
63. The diversity chair for the Society of Human Resource Management (SHRM) stated, “Race was the sacrificial lamb to
launch diversity and make it palatable to corporate America.” What does she mean?
64. “Operating against the continuing trends emphasizing civil rights is a growing sentiment against affirmative action.”
Explain this statement.
65. Define the terms “reasonable accommodation,” “undue hardship,” and “essential functions” as they relate to the
Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990.
66. Describe the main differences between disparate treatment and disparate impact.
67. Summarize the history leading up to the Civil Rights Act of 1964.
68. What impact did a 2010 U.S. Supreme Court decision have on employee testing?
69. Research the reasons men and women provide as to why the glass ceiling exists. Recount those reasons. Which seems
more likely to you?
70. Why do you suppose retaliation claims to the EEOC are at their highest?
71. How are women faring in corporate America?
72. Some companies are now specifically including white males in their diversity programs. Evaluate the wisdom and
propriety of this idea.
73. Briefly explain how reverse discrimination evolved from affirmative action.
Utilize the knowledge you have gained to respond to the following essay questions. Your answers should state your
position and use logical arguments and content from this and other chapters in the textbook to support it.
74. Explain the history and purpose of the Genetic Information Nondiscrimination Act. What is unique about it?
75. Describe the two types of commonly recognized sexual harassment.
76. Imagine that a female co-worker who is Latina is being sexually harassed by the man who supervises you both.
You’ve seen it several times. You’ve asked her to report it, but she doesn’t want to say anything, for many reasons.
However you know that she does not welcome the harassment. What would you do? Should you try to help her? If you
do, what are the risks for you?
77. Discuss the concept of color bias. Have you ever experienced this, or seen it happen?