1. Government is not a central stakeholder of business.
a. True
b. False
2. The way in which most legislation gets passed is through special-interest politics.
a. True
b. False
3. For large corporations today, political involvement is imperative.
a. True
b. False
4. Lobbyists are generally interested in the common good.
a. True
b. False
5. Lobbying takes place only at the federal government level.
a. True
b. False
6. Lobbyists are affectionately known as “influence peddlers.”
a. True
b. False
7. To be effective, grassroots lobbying must be genuine.
a. True
b. False
8. Because of the difficulty in coordinating the effort, grassroots lobbying is no longer used extensively.
a. True
b. False
9. Because it represents a homogenous group of businesses, the NFIB is able to present a unified message when lobbying
Congress.
a. True
b. False
10. An umbrella organization has a broad base of membership that represents businesses in several different industries.
a. True
b. False
11. Recent Supreme Court decisions have restricted the activity of PACs
a. True
b. False
12. Individuals are less restricted in their contributions to political candidates than are PACs.
a. True
b. False
13. The money that PACs donate to political candidates has brought about great benefit to the political system.
a. True
b. False
14. PACs allow labor to organize their giving.
a. True
b. False
15. Leadership PACs are connected PACs.
a. True
b. False
16. Today, many major U.S. corporations avoid paying taxes by utilizing offshore tax loopholes.
a. True
b. False
17. PACs are uniformly well thought of in American society.
a. True
b. False
18. Unlimited corporate political spending was made legal by the Citizens United decision of the U.S. Supreme Court.
a. True
b. False
19. The argument in favor of unlimited corporate political spending is based on the right to free speech.
a. True
b. False
20. A political strategy for public activism is keeping an issue off the public agenda by providing no information to
policymakers.
a. True
b. False
21. One strategy for corporate political action is constituency building.
a. True
b. False
22. One effective strategy used by the NRA was its shutting down of scientific studies involving gun injuries.
a. True
b. False
23. Astroturf lobbying is massively regulated.
a. True
b. False
24. Lobbyists often provide all of the following services, except:
a. create slick advertisements.
b. conduct indirect-mail campaigns.
c. provide access to lawmakers.
d. draft legislation.
25. When a business assumes an advocacy role for its interests, it is
a. doing what is normal and expected.
b. breaking the law.
c. operating at the trade association level.
d. allowing government to influence it.
26. The power of businesses to drive the political agenda in Washington, D.C. is now
a. subject to special interests.
b. virtually unchecked.
c. largely impeded.
d. in government’s interest.
27. Participation in the formulation and execution of public policy at various levels of government is
a. available only to individual citizens.
b. required by the constitution.
c. the definition of lobbying.
d. the definition of political involvement.
28. Which of the following is not a major approach that business uses to influence government?
a. lobbying
b. PACs
c. coalition building
d. vigilance
29. The process of influencing public officials to promote or secure the passage or defeat of legislation is known as
a. bribery.
b. activism.
c. lobbying.
d. suffrage.
30. Lobbying takes place at all of the following levels except
a. umbrella organizations.
b. PACs.
c. trade associations.
d. company lobbying.
31. Lobbying organizations that represent the collective business interests of the United States are called
a. umbrella organizations.
b. trade associations.
c. labor unions.
d. company lobbying.
32. Lobbying organizations that are composed of many firms in a given industry or line of business are called
a. umbrella organizations.
b. trade associations.
c. labor unions.
d. company lobbying.
33. When a firm advocates for its own special interest, it is
a. acting as an umbrella organization.
b. representing its trade association.
c. harming it labor union.
d. company lobbying.
34. The central product of the new breed of lobbyist is
a. influence.
b. access.
c. advice.
d. information.
35. Which of the following is not usually a function that lobbyists serve for their clients?
a. monitoring legislation
b. helping members of Congress get reelected
c. organizing grassroots efforts
d. helping former members of Congress find jobs
36. Business lobbyists do all of the following things for their clients except
a. establish communications channels with regulatory bodies.
b. protect firms against surprise legislation.
c. audit the effects of passed legislation.
d. help draft legislation.
37. The process of mobilizing individual citizens who might be most directly affected by legislative activity to political
action is called
a. grassroots lobbying.
b. astroturf lobbying.
c. cyberadvocacy.
d. company lobbying.
38. Lobbying efforts that do not represent the genuine concerns of the citizens supposedly involved is called
a. grassroots lobbying.
b. astroturf lobbying.
c. cyberadvocacy.
d. company lobbying.
39. Using the Internet to communicate with grassroots supporters and enable them to contact their legislators is termed
a. grassroots lobbying.
b. astroturf lobbying.
c. cyberadvocacy.
d. company lobbying.
40. One recommendation to make cyberadvocacy more effective is for advocates to
a. social media.
b. wireless internet.
c. smart phones and tablets.
d. creation of apps.
41. In lobbying, a trade association often uses
a. written phone banks.
b. grassroots lobbying support.
c. lagging promotion.
d. limited spending.
42. Political contributions from undisclosed donors are called:
a. soft money
b. hard money
c. easy money
d. dark money
43. Which of the following is not an umbrella organization?
a. Chamber of Commerce
b. National Association of Manufacturers
c. Pharmaceutical Research and Manufacturers of America
d. Business Roundtable