Resentful demoralization refers to the treat to internal validity brought on when _____.
A. people in the experimental group communicate the treatment with people in the
control group
B. researchers compensate the control group as a sort of consolation for not receiving a
desirable treatment
C. competition arises between the groups
D. control group members resent being deprived of a desirable treatment
E. an unusual event occurs when one group, but not both are participating in the study
Discussions with those who are knowledgeable about the problem or its possible
solutions are called _____.
A. brainstorming
B. experience surveys
C. focus groups
D. experiments
E. projection techniques
When the variables of interest are measured on nominal or ordinal scales, what should
be used to estimate population proportion?
A. Standard error
B. Standard deviation
C. Sample proportion of incidence (p)
D. Sample proportion of incidence (p) x 1 – (p)
E. Sample statistic
All of the following are examples of primary sources of information except _____.
A. memos
B. letters
C. transcripts of speeches
D. Google searches
E. economic data
Nonverbal observation can be performed by _____ and _____.
A. people; machines
B. psychologists; psychiatrists
C. video; audio
D. sociologists; anthropologists
E. physical condition analysis; process analysis
Proxemics is one form of _____ observation.
A. nonverbal
B. linguistic
C. spatial
D. mechanical/digital
E. temporal
The measure of deviation from the mean such that cases stretch toward one tail or the
other is called _____.
A. kurtosis
B. platykurtic
C. skewness
D. ku
E. mesokurtic
The _____ represents the proportion of total variance in all the variables that is
accounted for by a factor.
A. eigenvalue
B. percentage of variance
C. residual
D. marginal
E. principal component
A lakefront resort is planning for its summer busy season. It wishes to estimate with
95% confidence the average number of nights each guest will stay in a single visit.
Using a sample of guests who stayed last year, the average number of nights per guest is
calculated at 5 nights. The standard deviation of the sample is 1.5 nights. The size of the
sample used is 120 guests and the resort desires a precision of plus or minus .5 nights.
Within what range below can the resort expect with 95% confidence for the true
population mean to fall?
A. 3.12 to 6.88
B. 3.35 to 6.65
C. 2.42 to 7.58
D. 4.10 to 5.50
E. 4.65 to 6.65
The tendency for respondents to give answers that are perceived as being socially
desirable, whether or not the answers are truthful, is known as _____.
A. nonresponse
B. item nonresponse
C. acquiescence
D. social desirability responding
E. impression management
The U.S. News and World Report is assessing the reliability of its measure of academic
reputation used in its annual ranking of colleges and universities. To do so, it
administers the same questions on academic reputation to its sample of academic
administrators in March and again in June.
Which statistical technique listed below would be used to compare the results of the
March survey to the results of the June survey in the U.S. News and World Report’s
assessment of reliability?
A. Mean
B. Dispersion
C. Correlation
D. Regression
E. ANOVA
How does a research analyst determine on which factor a variable is loading?
A. By the p value
B. By assessing the eigenvalues
C. By identifying the highest factor loading
D. By rotating the correlation matrix
E. all of the above
All of the following are basic Boolean operators except _____.
A. or
B. and
C. not
D. adj
E. but
Which of the following negatively affects participation in a group interview
A. Validation
B. Load sharing/Catharsis
C. Extrinsic Rewards
D. Embellishment
E. None of above would negatively affect participation
Which characteristic of mapping rules refers to a series of numbers in which each
number in the series is an equal distance from the next number?
A. Classification
B. Order
C. Distance
D. Origin
E. Exclusivity
Zero slopes result when _______.
A. Y is completely unrelated to X, and no systematic pattern is evident
B. there are constant values of Y for every value of X
C. the data are related but represented by a nonlinear function
D. All of the above
E. None of the above
Some organizations make decisions based on past experience, instincts, or secondary
data searches. These organizations are operating at the _____ tier of the hierarchy of
business decision makers.
A. Visionary Decision Makers (top tier)
B. Standardized Decision Makers (middle tier)
C. Intuitive Decision Makers (base tier)
D. Pinnacle Decision Makers (fourth tier)
E. Information Decision Makers (fifth tier)
Which issue related to the design of measurement questions addresses whether it is
reasonable to assume that the participant can frame an answer to the question?
A. Precision
B. Frame of reference
C. Time for thought
D. Biased wording
E. Adequate alternatives
Boolean operators enable a search to _____.
A. combine terms or sets of terms
B. identify which source fits the search term the best
C. identify the most current source
D. eliminate sources that lack credibility
E. include encyclopedia listings
Which term below refers to an event, act, characteristic, trait, or attribute that can be
measured and to which we assign categorical values?
A. Construct
B. Concept
C. Variable
D. Schema
E. Model
Attitudes are a type of _____.
A. object
B. physical property
C. psychological property
D. social property
E. mapping rule
LeBron James wears the number 23 on his jersey. Which of the following
characteristics is exhibited by this number?
A. Distance
B. Order
C. Classification
D. Origin
E. Exclusivity
Weight, height, and temperature are all types of _____.
A. objects
B. physical properties
C. psychological properties
D. constructs
E. mapping rules
Which of the following can NOT be thought of as variables?
A. Events
B. Acts
C. Characteristics
D. People
E. All of the above can be thought of as variables
When a computer-administered telephone survey is capable of recognizing and
recording a wide range of verbal responses, it is capable of _____.
A. automatic speech recognition
B. voice recognition
C. automatic entry
D. touch-tone data entry
E. record analysis
In the study of bystanders and thieves presented in the text, participants are invited to a
store where they see someone steal the purse of another customer. The accosted shopper
and the thief are really acting their parts to set the stage for the experiment. Participants
view the robbery alone or with another participant. The study sought to determine
whether participants were more likely to report a robbery when they observe it alone or
in the company of another person.
What is the dependent variable in the bystanders and thieves study?
A. The store environment
B. Exposure to a robbery
C. State of being alone or with another person
D. Act of reporting the robbery or not
E. Reaction of the accosted shopper following the robbery
Which term below refers to a criterion for judging the attractiveness of two or more
alternatives when using a decision variable?
A. Decision theory
B. Decision rule
C. Ex post facto evaluation
D. Choice theory
E. Success probability
Environmental control in an experiment is necessary when ____ might influence the
participants’ reactions.
A. variation in instructions
B. physical conditions of the room
C. anticipation of the treatment
D. all of the above
E. none of the above
The use of videotaping, mirrored windows, and props are most feasible in _____
studies.
A. structured observation
B. unstructured observation
C. natural
D. laboratory
E. field
Which of the following statements is not a disadvantage of unstructured questions?
A. Unstructured questions are not suitable for self-administered questionnaires.
B. Coding of responses is costly and time consuming.
C. Unstructured questions tend to be less biasing influence on response than structured
questions.
D. Implicitly, unstructured questions give extra weight to respondents who are more
articulate.
E. Unstructured questions require the use of content analysis.
Data analysis is _____ when patterns in the collected data guide the data analysis or
suggest revisions to the preliminary data analysis plan.
A. confirmatory
B. descriptive
C. exploratory
D. conclusive
E. forensic
Which measure of central tendency is appropriate for interval scales?
A. Mode
B. Mean
C. Median
D. Range
E. Dispersion
Which of the following statements is NOT true concerning conjoint analysis?
A. The underlying assumption is that any set of stimuli, such as products, brands, or
stores, is evaluated as a bundle of attributes
B. It relies on respondent’s subjective evaluations
C. It seeks to develop the part-worth or utility scores describing the importance of each
aspect of a product or service in the subject’s overall preference ratings
D. The stimuli in conjoint analysis are products or brands
E. Utility scores are computed from the subjects’ rankings of a set of cards
Which of the following is a guideline for designing mobile questionnaires?
A. Ask as many questions as is needed to cover the target topics.
B. Use rating scale grids that require scrolling.
C. Use free-response questions
D. Limit answer choice lists on multiple-choice questions.
E. None of the above is a guideline for mobile questionnaires.
How can an instrument designer counteract biases arising from primacy and recency
effects?
A. Randomize the question order
B. Utilize the split-ballot technique
C. Include questions designed to measure a participant’s susceptibility to order bias
D. Provide another option in the response choices
E. All of the above