The total mean is the mean of a variable over all observations.
A multiple-grid question includes several questions of the same format all arranged in a
grid format.
The situation analysis ends once researchers have a clear idea of the managerial
objectives from the research effort.
The degrees of freedom are calculated as d.f. = n – 1 when using the t-test for
comparing two means.
John correctly guessed that the purpose of an experiment he was participating in was to
examine the effect of giving employees recognition on his attitude and intention to stay
with his company, which creates a confound known as a bias effect.
Theories are derived from deductive reasoning and selective reasoning.
An advantage of personal interviews is the opportunity for feedback.
It is an ethical issue for the interviewer to tell the potential respondent the correct
expected length of the interview session.
Secondary data can be bought and sold like other products.
One basic principle of good interviewing practice is to have integrity and be honest.
“As sample size increases, the distribution of sample means of samples of size n (when
randomly selected) approaches a normal distribution” is a fundamental assumption of
the central-limit theorem.
Surveys may be classified based on the method of communication, the degrees of
structure and disguise in the questionnaire, and the time frame in which the data are
gathered.
A contingency table is a data matrix that displays the frequency of some combination of
possible responses to multiple variables.
A two-tailed t-test is appropriate when the researcher has a directional hypothesis
implying that an observed mean can only be greater than or less than a hypothesized
value.
Most psychological concepts are latent constructs and generally require multiple items.
Multidimensional scaling provides a means for placing objects in multidimensional
space on the basis of respondents’ judgments of the similarity of objects.
The outline for a basic research report is the same as that for an applied research report.
Reliability is an indicator of a measure’s internal consistency.
A control group is one in which an experimental treatment is administered.
The midpoint of a distribution, above which and below which half of the scores fall, is
called the mode.
As long as the researcher debriefs subjects, any experimental deception is acceptable.
The research industry uses the term multiple-source data for diverse types of data
offered by a single company.
A business opportunity is a situation that makes some potential competitive advantage
possible.
The first stage in the selection of a sample is to determine the sampling frame.
In recording answers to open-ended questions during field interviews, it is important for
the interviewer to summarize the general meaning of the respondent’s responses to
questions.
In regression analysis, the equation of a straight line is Y = a + b X.
Since the observer does not interact with the subject in observation studies, observation
is an error-free method of data collection.
Business research can be directed toward an element of an organization’s internal
operations.
Money is an example of something that can be measured using a ratio scale.
A numerical scale is similar to a Likert scale except that is uses numbers instead of
verbal descriptions as response options to identify response positions.
The process of identifying the actual measurement scales to asses the variables of
interest is known as operationalizing.
In which type of chart do the slices represent a percentage of the whole?
A.bar chart
B.line chart
C.column chart
D.pie chart
Which of the following has the highest item non-response rate?
A.door-to-door interview
B.mail survey
C.telephone interview
D.Internet survey
In the research report, the ‘suggestions for actions that should be taken” appears in
which section of the report?
A.title page
B.introduction
C.conclusions and recommendations
D.body
When a respondent is required to choose one of the fixed alternatives, what type of
scale is being used?
A.semantic differential
B.forced-choice
C.non-forced-choice
D.symmetric
Which of the following is a research technique in which a sample is interviewed in
some form or the behavior of respondents is observed and described in some way?
A.experiment
B.observation study
C.survey
D.personal interview
If 60 males are asked if they recognize the brand name, “Focus,” and 35 of them
correctly identify the product as a model of Ford’s product line within Ford Motor Co.,
the proportion of males in the sample who recognize this brand name is approximately
_____.
A.0.60
B.0.58
C.0.35
D.0.79
Which type of statistics involves numbers with known, continuous distributions?
A.Type I
B.Type II
C.parametric
D.nonparametric
A 2 x 2 x 2 experimental design has _____ factors, each of which has ______ levels.
A.eight; three
B.three; eight
C.two; three
D.three; two
When a respondent in a research study agrees to participate in the research study, this is
known as _____.
A.a right to privacy
B.informed consent
C.jamming
D.forecasting
The number of questionnaires returned or completed divided by the number of eligible
people who were asked to participate in the survey is called _____.
A.turnover rate
B.return ratio
C.response rate
D.success rate
In a brand awareness study of 80 consumers, 52 of them were able to identify “Fusion”
as a type of Ford automobile. The chi-square value for a test of this brand awareness
was approximately _____.
A.2.30
B.7.20
C.0.60
D.3.60
A filter question used to determine which version of a second question that will be
asked is called a(n) _____.
A.anchoring question
B.pivot question
C.funneling question
D.piping question
In creating coding categories for open-ended questions, the tallying of the replies to a
small number of completed questionnaires for a question in order to create coding
categories for that question is known as _____.
A.recoding the data
B.test tabulation
C.data entry
D.creating a plug value
If a researcher for Procter & Gamble selects five states randomly, and then selects 10
supermarket chains within each of these states to call for a phone survey for research
regarding a new shampoo, what type of sampling procedure is being used?
A.systematic sample
B.simple random sample
C.nonprobability sample
D.cluster sample
If the population mean is expected to be 85 and the sample mean is 80, the sample
standard deviation is 20, and the sample consists of 100 consumers, the observed value
of the Z-statistic is approximately _____.
A.2.50
B.-10.00
C.-2.50
D.-0.25
The percentage of elements that meet some criterion is called a(n) _____.
A.top-box score
B.distribution
C.proportion
D.range
Which source of input data is represented when a company conducts research to
identify the characteristics of its customers?
A.internal records
B.proprietary business research
C.salesperson input
D.behavioral tracking
All of the following are helpful hints that can be useful in the interview process when
attempting to understand the situation EXCEPT _____.
A.develop hypotheses before conducting interviews
B.develop many alternative decisions and problems
C.think about possible solutions to the problem
D.be open-minded
When the interviewer asks the question again after the respondent has failed to answer
the question, this is an example of _____.
A.repeating the question
B.a silent probe
C.an expectant pause
D.asking a neutral question
Todd has prepared a document that includes the deliverables and a definition of the
problem for a research client. In this document, he described how he will conduct a
survey along with a schedule of costs and deadlines. What is this document called?
A.research proposal
B.research statement
C.research blueprint
D.managerial action statement
For which statistical test does the formula given below apply?
A.Z-test
B.F-test
C.Chi-square test
D.W-square
The most commonly applied estimate of a composite scale’s reliability is _____.
A.coefficient alpha
B.coefficient beta
C.criterion coefficient
D.an index coefficient
In the communication process, the manager who makes a decision based on the
business research would be part of which element of the communication process?
A.message
B.source
C.audience
D.communicator
Which type of research is being conducted when a researcher conducts an experiment to
answer the question, “Will shareholders respond favorably if we increase executive
pay?”
A.causal research
B.exploratory research
C.pilot study research
D.descriptive research
Having observers record the brand names of items found in a kitchen pantry of a
consumer panel is an example of what type of observation?
A.physical actions
B.verbal behavior
C.physical objects
D.pictorial records
Which of the following means that something has been examined against reality using
data?
A.causality
B.manipulation
C.empirical testing
D.spurious association
Owen is a researcher who studies human experiences based on the idea that it is
inherently subjective and determined by the context in which people live. He focuses on
how a person’s behavior is shaped by the relationship he or she has with the physical
environment, objects, people, and situation. Which qualitative research orientation is
Owen using?
A.grounded theory
B.phenomenology
C.ethnography
D.case study
A(n) ____ is a generalized idea about a class of objects that has been given a name.
A.variable
B.theory
C.node
D.construct
_____ is the systematic process of recording actual behavioral patterns of people,
objects, and events as they happen.
A.Observation
B.Descriptive research
C.Real-time research
D.Interaction
When a research company pulls a random sample of people from a phone book and that
sample does not include people with unlisted numbers or who do not have landline
telephone service, we say that the sample contains _____.
A.sample selection error
B.acquiescence bias
C.social desirability error
D.auspices bias
A production-oriented firm focuses its research on _____.
A.customers
B.technicians and experts in the field
C.competitive forces outside of the organization
D.line employees, engineers, accountants, and other efficiency experts
When the experimenter’s comments influence the subjects’ behavior so that they give
answers that they think the experimenter wants to hear rather than their true feelings,
we say that ________ has occurred.
The ability of a scale to measure the variability of a concept is called that scale’s
________ .
When a respondent is asked to check his or her gender as Male or Female, this is an
example of a(n) ______ question.
A business owner is hesitant to spend money on a survey of his customers because he
thinks surveys give erroneous and useless results. Convince him that a survey can be
useful for his business.
Discuss how data are entered into a computerized data processing system.
_____ management is the process of creating an inclusive, comprehensive, easily
accessible organizational memory, which is often called the organization’s intellectual
capital.
If there are two levels of both treatment variables in an experiment, then there will be
_____ cells in the experiment.
Explain the differences among a product-oriented firm, a production-oriented firm, and
a marketing-oriented firm and the role business research plays in each.
In a personal interview, asking general questions before asking specific questions in
order to create less bias in the responses is known as the ______ technique.
A researcher has been hired by a business owner to help her understand why she is
losing customers. List the steps the researcher should follow in defining the problem for
this research study.
Traditionally, market researchers have used the ______ percent confidence level in
research studies.
_____ in regression analysis refers to how strongly interrelated the independent
variables in a model are.
The test for the statistical significance of the regression model is the ____ test.
Define a forced-choice scale and explain why a researcher would use one and the
potential negative consequence of that choice of scale.
When a field interviewer asks a respondent to elaborate on a brief response in order to
understand better what the respondent really meant, this is called a(n) ______
technique.