The “rules of the game” for corporate work are intended to
a. let the games begin.
b. promote open and free competition.
c. destroy the competition.
d. make business fun.
Answer:
Which of the following is true of a regulatory approach to environmental problems?
a. It proceeds on a case-by-case basis, dealing with each company’s specific
circumstances.
b. It gives companies an incentive to do more than the minimum required by law.
c. It requires the EPA or other body to determine the most effective, feasible
pollution-control technology for each different industry.
d. It involves the use of pricing mechanisms.
Answer:
Austin Fagothey and Milton Gonsalves believe a direct strike is justified
a. when it is motivated by revenge.
b. when workers are coerced into striking.
c. when it is a last resort.
d. under no conditions.
Answer:
Supererogatory actions are
a. actions that are normally wrong to do, but can sometimes be right.
b. actions that it would be good to do but not immoral not to do.
c. actions that we are morally required to do, all things considered.
d. actions that are wrong even though they produce some good.
Answer:
Forty-three thousand workers each year are
a. killed on the job.
b. laid off.
c. injured on the job.
d. fall asleep on the job.
Answer:
Before the case of MacPherson v. Buick Motor Car in 1916, the law based a
manufacturer’s liability for injuries due to a defective product on
a. the principle of strict liability.
b. the direct contractual relationship between the producer and the consumer.
c. the principle of the reasonable person.
d. whether or not the manufacturer exercised due care.
Answer:
An early 1970s government study (“Work in America”) identified three chief sources of
worker dissatisfaction. Which of the following is one of those sources?
a. industry’s preoccupation with quality, not quantity
b. the rigidity of rules and regulations
c. the relatively small size of most U.S. corporations
d. mandatory drug testing programs used by many U.S. corporations
Answer:
Conflicts of interest
a. have become less frequent today.
b. always involve personal financial gain.
c. are morally worrisome only when the employee acts to the detriment of the company.
d. occur when employees’ private interests are substantial enough to potentially
interfere with their job duties.
Answer:
Concerning future generations,
a. all philosophers today reject the idea that future people have rights
b. utilitarianism dictates a radical reduction in population growth
c. future people have a right to be born
d. the social and environmental policies we adopt can affect who is born in the future
Answer:
In determining the morality of giving and receiving gifts in a business situation, which
of the following factors is MOSTrelevant?
a. the purpose of the gift
b. the size of the business
c. amount of the cash
d. whether the company is privately held or publicly held
Answer:
In the interview process, the interview should avoid rudeness, coarseness,
condescension, and
a. giddiness.
b. hostility.
c. sternness.
d. questions.
Answer:
Caveat emptor means
a. strict product liability
b. due care
c. let the buyer beware
d. the customer and manufacturer meet as equals
Answer:
The Hawthorne effect shows that
a. quality control circles are important.
b. middle managers are affected by the satisfaction and dissatisfaction of the workers
they supervise.
c. attention and recognition can enhance worker productivity and motivation.
d. trade-offs have to be made between productivity and quality of work life.
Answer:
Privacy
a. is an absolute value.
b. must be respected if we are to function as complete, self-governing agents.
c. is something that employees today don’t care about.
d. is guaranteed by Article 3, section 3, of the Constitution.
Answer:
According to libertarianism,
a. there are no natural, Lockean rights.
b. we have a basic right to assistance from others.
c. it would be unjust to coerce people to give food or money to the starving.
d. happiness takes priority over other moral concerns.
Answer:
In 1987, the Supreme Court affirmed, in the case of Johnson v. Transportation Agency,
that
a. affirmative action is unconstitutional.
b. quotas based on considerations of race are unconstitutional.
c. considerations of sex are permissible as one factor in deciding whom to promote.
d. racially segregated schooling is unconstitutional.
Answer:
“If you want to go to law school, then you must take the LSAT exam.” This statement is
an example of
a. the transcendental imperative.
c. a hypothetical imperative.
b. the categorical imperative.
d. irrational behavior.
Answer:
The famous experiments by social psychologist Solomon Asch show
a. the truth of utilitarianism.
b. the power of peer pressure has been greatly exaggerated.
c. business organizations put more pressure on individual integrity than do other kinds
of organization.
d. even temporary groups can pressure people to conform.
Answer:
In deciding whether an ad is deceptive, today the FTC basically follows
a. the reasonable consumer standard.
b. the ignorant/gullible consumer standard.
c. a “modified” ignorant-consumer standard.
d. none of these choices.
Answer:
Some argue for the narrow view of corporate social responsibility on the ground that
managers have a fiduciary responsibility to maximize the profits of their shareholders.
As discussed in Chapter 5, one problem with this argument is that
a. companies do not usually have a clear chain of command.
b. promises don’t override all our other obligations.
c. managers don’t always know how to maximize profits.
d. stockholders don’t expect company managers to make money for them.
Answer:
The statement that accurately describes corporations is
a. corporate shareholders have limited liability for their debts.
b. corporations must be “publicly held” and thus traded on the stock market.
c. corporations are always for-profit.
d. corporate shareholders are immediately entitled to any profits.
Answer:
A fact about job satisfaction is
a. longevity does not correlate with job satisfaction.
b. the U.S. leads the world in the provision of childcare.
c. a lack of job satisfaction can create mental health problems.
d. worker participation and improved QWL always boost productivity.
Answer:
Good moral judgments should be logical and
a. justified by fallacies.
b. proven beyond reasonable doubt.
c. based on facts and acceptable moral principles.
d. coincide with what most scientifically trained people think.
Answer:
Conflicts of interest may exist when employees have financial investments
a. in suppliers, customers, or distributors with whom their organizations do business.
b. in sports teams.
c. and question the wisdom of the deal.
d. that lead to office romance.
Answer:
The debate over corporate moral agency hinges on which issue?
a. Corporate decision
b. Corporate punishment
c. Individual responsibility
d. Corporate fit
Answer:
In 1972 Congress created one of the most important agencies for regulating product
safety. This agency is the
a. Securities and Exchange Commission.
b. Federal Drug Administration Agency.
c. Fair Packaging and Labeling Commission.
d. Consumer Product Safety Commission.
Answer:
Choose the statement that gives the most accurate description of etiquette:
a. the rules of etiquette are a fundamental branch of morality
b. conformity with the rules of etiquette is sufficient for moral conduct
c. etiquette refers to a special code of social behavior or courtesy
d. the rules of etiquette are backed by statutory law
Answer:
According to the Supreme Court,
a. there is nothing improper about an outsider’s using information, as long as the
information is not obtained from an insider who breaches a legal duty to the
corporation’s shareholders.
b. anyone buying/selling stock based on nonpublic information is guilty of inside
trading.
c. insider trading violates the interstate commerce clause of the Constitution.
d. it should be left up to the company, not the government, to decide whether or not to
prohibit insider trading.
Answer:
In 1987, the Supreme Court affirmed, in the case of Johnson v. Transportation Agency,
that
a. affirmative action is unconstitutional.
b. quotas based on considerations of race are unconstitutional.
c. considerations of sex are permissible as one factor in deciding whom to promote.
d. racially segregated schooling is unconstitutional.
Answer:
Unions employ two kinds of boycotts to enforce their demands. These two kinds of
boycotts are
a. positive and negative.
b. corporate and private.
c. active and passive.
d. primary and secondary.
Answer:
Rather than strong work ethic, a common attitude is:
a. Me-first c. I like it easy
b. Happy days are here to stay d. Let the boss sweat it
Answer:
Which of the following is an example of sexual harassment?
a. Unwelcome sexual offers a female employer gives to a male employee.
b. A female employee hugging a co-worker when he announces his engagement.
c. A manager enforcing a dress code for a work environment.
d. An employee pinning up comic strips in an office cubicle.
Answer:
Talk of justice and injustice appeals to the related notions of
a. fairness, equality, desert
b. reason, reflection, deliberation
c. feeling, sentiment, happiness
d. fairness, impartiality, duty
Answer:
Employees have certain general duties to their employers, and because of the specific
business, professional, or organizational responsibilities they have assumed, they may
have other more precise role-based obligations.
Answer:
The issue of comparable worth pits against each other two cherished American values:
the ethic of nondiscrimination verses the free enterprise system.
Answer:
If you do the right thing only because you think you will profit from it, then you are
truly motivated by moral concerns.
Answer:
An isolated or occasional remark or innuendo inevitably constitutes sexual harassment.
Answer:
The reliability of a test refers to the quality of exhibiting a reasonable consistency in
results obtained.
Answer:
A psychological appeal is one that aims to persuade by appealing primarily to reason
and not to human emotional needs.
Answer:
According to the “maximin” rule, you should select the alternative under which the
worst that could happen to you is better than the worst that could happen to you under
any other alternative.
Answer:
The controversy over legal paternalism pits the values of individual freedom and
autonomy against social welfare.
Answer:
An organization is a group of people working together to achieve a common purpose.
Answer:
According to Norman Bowie, a discussion of whistle blowing in the 1990s parallels the
discussion of civil disobedience in the 1960s.
Answer:
The international fishing industry as it exists today gives us good reason to reject the
moral of Garrett Hardin’s “Parable of the Commons.”
Answer:
None of the specific measures proposed by Marx and Engels in the Communist
Manifesto have been implemented in capitalist countries.
Answer:
Job discrimination occurs if three conditions are met. What are they?
Answer:
Inbreeding refers to longevity on a job or with a firm.
Answer:
All gifts are bribes.
Answer:
Job discrimination involves prejudice, inaccurate stereotypes, or the assumption that a
certain group is inferior and deserves unequal treatment.
Answer:
According to Immanuel Kant, moral reasoning is based on observation.
Answer:
An early 1970s government survey of worker dissatisfaction identified that worker
dissatisfaction has been linked to the industry’s preoccupation with quantity, not quality
and the rigidity of rules and regulations.
Answer: