Explain the primary differences between preexperiments, true experiments, and
quasi-experiments.
Primary data have a higher level of ____ than secondary data.
A. abstractness
B. elusiveness
C. verifiability
D. closeness to the phenomenon
E. replicability
Anne is moderating a focus group of university professors to understand how they use
multimedia in the classroom. All of the participants teach classes with more than 100
students at large, public universities. The composition of this group could be described
as _____.
A. heterogeneous
B. homogeneous
C. non expert
D. dyadic
E. none of the above
Which tier in the hierarchy of business decision makers sees research as the
fundamental first step in any business venture?
A. Intuitive Decision Makers (Base tier)
B. Standardized Decision Makers (Middle tier)
C. Visionary Decision Makers (Top tier)
D. All of the above
E. None of the above
What term refers to an organization’s codified set of norms or standards of behavior that
guide moral choices about research behavior?
A. Morals
B. Code of ethics
C. Laws
D. Regulations
E. Policies
An ordinal scale contains _____.
A. mutually exclusive and collectively exhaustive categories as well as the property of
order, but not distance or unique origin
B. the properties of order, classification, and equal distance between points but no
unique origin
C. mutually exclusive and collectively exhaustive categories, but without the properties
of order, distance, and origin
D. the properties of classification, order, equal distance, and unique origin
E. the four major sources of error
Which of the following syndromes affecting respondent honesty involves the
respondent giving a quick, possibly false answer to a probing target question?
A. unconscious decision maker
B. pleaser
C. self-delusionist
D. disengager
E. none of the above
The acronym, RFP, stands for _____ and refers to the document used to invite research
firms to propose ideas for addressing the research needs of the organization.
A. request for proposal
B. recency frequency population
C. research firm proposal
D. recognition of problem
E. recently formed protocols
Which of the following statistical techniques identifies patterns underlying
combinations of the original variables capable of summarizing the original set?
A. Factor analysis
B. Multivariate analysis of variance
C. Cluster analysis
D. Multidimensional scaling
E. Discriminant analysis
What does the sign of the correlation coefficient signify?
A. The magnitude of the relationship
B. The significance of the relationship
C. The importance of the relationship
D. The direction of the relationship
E. The p value associated with the relationship
The purpose of _____ is to get a conceptual representation of a respondent’s attitude
toward the attitude object and to compare the relationships between people.
A. Likert scales
B. comparative scales
C. forced rating
D. Q-sorts
E. Stapel scales
What type of measurement question is designed to establish rapport with the
participant?
A. Screen
B. Branch
C. Target
D. Buffer
E. Administrative
Which of the following is an accurate interpretation for a “don’t know” response from
the respondent?
A. It isn’t important enough to answer
B. I don’t know
C. I don’t want to answer that question
D. I’m too ambivalent to figure out the best answer
E. All of the above
Which of the following hypotheses is best examined with a correlation analysis?
A. Men differ from women on average yearly clothing expenditures
B. Income level is related to average yearly clothing expenditures
C. Clothing expenditures are higher in northern states and lower in southern and
southwestern states
D. Income, geographic location, and gender are predictive of yearly clothing
expenditures
E. More retail clothing stores are located in the northeast than in the southwest
Which term below refers to an ordered array of all values for a variable?
A. Correlation table
B. Frequency distribution
C. Frequency table
D. Scatter diagram
E. Histogram
What type of research firm dominates the small research firms operated by a single
person or a small staff?
A. Proprietary
B. Syndicated
C. Full-service
D. Specialty
E. Internal
Which term below refers to the error caused by decay in consistency and accuracy on
recorded observations over time?
A. Observer drift
B. Groupthink
C. Devil’s advocate
D. Halo effect
E. Self-serving bias
The statement, “Sales in Pacific Timber Products have increased in the past six
months,” is an example of a(n) _____.
A. inductive argument
B. deductive argument
C. exposition
D. research question
E. proposition
Funnel approach in questionnaire design means to ____.
A. begin with general questions to more specific questions
B. branch from buffer questions to target questions
C. begin with buffer questions and end with screen questions
D. move from screen questions to buffer questions to classification questions
E. ask sensitive questions early
Measurement questions are questions posed to _____.
A. managers
B. researchers
C. field workers
D. study participants
E. pollsters
All of the following are advantages of observation as a data collection method except
_____.
A. optimizing the naturalness of the setting
B. reducing obtrusiveness
C. avoiding participant filtering
D. quantifying data
E. securing contextual information
You have learned that there is a magazine published under the title, Journal of
Accounting Research. You go to your library and find they do not have it. Which of the
following would be most helpful to you in this situation?
A. Ayer’s Directory of Publications
B. Coman’s Sources of Business Information
C. Union List of Serials
D. Library of Congress Subject Catalog
Which term below refers to a study involving the manipulation of one or more variables
to determine the effect on another variable?
A. Ex post facto
B. Experiment
C. Monitoring study
D. Communication study
E. Descriptive study
Which of the following is NOT TRUE about stories as supporting material?
A. Stories tell the particulars of an act or occurrence or course of events
B. Describing your experience with the research study lends a real-life impression that
cannot be achieved through facts or statistics
C. Stories are most powerful when they do not involve personal experience
D. A good story has an interesting beginning, engaging content, and a clear conclusion
Which type of management question asks “What do we want to achieve?”
A. Choice of purpose
B. Evaluation of solutions
C. Troubleshooting
D. Control
E. Concern
Your instructor provides to each student a URL link via email to a course evaluation
following the last class session. Sally accessed her university intranet and completes the
survey using her iPad. This is an example of a _____.
A. Self-administered survey
B. Computer-assisted self-interview (CASI)
C. Electronic e-mail survey
D. Mobile/web survey
E. None of the above
Which of the following could threaten the external validity of an experiment?
A. Diffusion of treatment
B. Artificial setting
C. History
D. Maturation
E. Statistical regression
All of the following are examples of dichotomous variables except _____.
A. employed-unemployed
B. male-female
C. number of children in the household
D. married-unmarried
E. all of the above are dichotomous variables
The effects of fatigue, boredom, and social class on the measurement of an object are
all errors originating from the _____.
A. situational factors
B. respondent
C. interviewer
D. instrument
E. sample
Which form of argument presents a conclusion based on reasons or proof?
A. Induction
B. Deduction
C. Logic
D. Philosophy
E. Exposition
All of the following questions must be answered prior to designing a questionnaire
except _____
A. What type of scale is needed to perform the desired analysis to answer the
management question?
B. What data collection mode will be used?
C. Should the question be structured, unstructured, or some combination?
D. Should the questioning be disguised or undisguised?
E. How will the results be translated into managerial recommendations?
Which of the following is NOT true of the Kruskal-Wallis test?
A. It is a one-way analysis of variance by ranks
B. It assumes random selection
C. It assumes a continuous distribution
D. It is used with two-related samples
E. All of the above are true
Which statistic below is a measure of how well the frequencies of one nominal variable
predict the frequencies of another variable?
A. Cramer’s V
B. r2
C.
D.
E.
Recently, several studies have sought to measure the extent of binge drinking among
college students. Explain the meaning of an operational definition and develop a good
operational definition for binge drinking.
What is an asymmetrical relationship? List and explain the four types of asymmetrical
relationships that a research may observe.
Briefly explain how an analyst should interpret the r2 value in a regression analysis.
List the six-stage sequence for testing statistical significance.
List the five steps that are basic to most cluster studies.
Explain the three characteristics of a good measurement tool.
ESOMAR and CASRO recommend specific ethical practices with regard to participants
in mobile surveys. What are these practices? Make an argument for which practice is
most important.
What are the three types of budgets in organizations where research is purchased and
cost containment is crucial? List and describe each one. Is one more desirable than the
others? Explain.
The hierarchy of business decision makers categorizes organizations based on how they
use business research to make decisions. List and explain the three levels in the
hierarchy.
What are the four rules that guide the coding and categorization of a data record?
Explain why each one is important for researchers.
What are the three types of evidence a research seeks when testing causal hypotheses?
Explain.
What advantages do stem-and-leaf displays provide over histograms?
What activities are involved in debriefing participants? When should participants be
debriefed?
What are the assumptions for using parametric tests for hypothesis testing?
Explain the steps involved in the data mining process.