A(n) _____ describes the interrelationships between concepts and constructs.
A. hypothetical construct
B. postulation
C. conceptual scheme
D. operational definition
E. inductive argument
Research designs may be viewed as being
A. Exploratory or experimental
B. Laboratory or ex post facto
C. Cross-sectional or case
D. Descriptive or causal
E. Longitudinal or statistical
Consider the following array of numbers: 5 6 7 7 7 8 8 9 9 9 10 15 19 20 21
What is the range for the array provided?
A. 5
B. 7
C. 9
D. 10
E. 16
Which of the researcher withholds one-fourth to one-third of the data to evaluate how
well the regression equation will predict beyond the sample used to calculate the
regression equation, it is using _____.
A. cluster analysis
B. a holdout sample
C. factor loadings
D. collinearity
E. None of the above
Which type of measurement question poses more than two response choices but seeks a
single answer?
A. Free-response
B. Open-ended
C. Dichotomous
D. Multiple-choice
E. Checklist
Which psychological principle influences visualization?
A. Audience inability to process large amounts of information at one time should reduce
the complexity of your support.
B. It is not critical for your presentation to convey what is new or a change with a
separate slide or handout.
C. Use unknown visualization techniques.
D. Your audience will not automatically group items together, even if you give them
such groupings.
Which of the following symbols is used to refer to the sample standard deviation?
A. p
B. π
C. α
D. σ
E. s
A two-way ANOVA differs from a one-way ANOVA in that _____.
A. Post hoc comparisons are completed as a part of the initial test
B. It requires an assumption of normality
C. It examines possible interaction effects among two independent factors
D. It examines possible interaction effects among two or more dependent variables
E. It allows an examination of ordinal data
An inter library loan is:
A. A financial arrangement between libraries, from a common source of finance.
B. An arrangement between libraries to cooperate on the sharing of costs relating to
electronic databases.
C. An arrangement to obtain hardcopy material from other libraries, if the lending
library does not have it.
D. A financial facility to enable students to buy discarded library books.
One of the investigative questions identified in the BankChoice project questions the
perceived service quality associated with different bank branches. This is an example of
a(n) _____.
A. behavioral issues
B. performance considerations
C. attitudinal issues
D. measurement issues
E. managerial considerations
What is the 10-20-30 rule?
A. 30% of the audience will grasp 20% of your statistics if you speak longer than 10
minutes.
B. Use no more than 10 slides, no more than 20 minutes, and never use text on a slide
smaller than 30 points.
C. Font size = oldest age/20
D. The ratio of proofs should be 10 ethos to 20 pathos to 30 logos
E. A revision of the visual principle of one-thirds.
An advertisement for the drug, PLAVIX, states the following: ” ‘if you’ve been
hospitalized for heart-related chest pain or a certain type of heart attack.’ Doctors call
these conditions ACS, or Acute Coronary Syndrome. You can do more to help protect
yourself against a future heart attack or stroke – ask your doctor about adding PLAVIX.
For most, heart attack or stroke is caused when platelets form clots that block the flow
of blood to the heart or brain. Think aspiring and other heart medications alone are
enough? Adding PLAVIX could help protect you against a future heart attack or stroke.
PLAVIX, added to aspirin and your current treatment, helps raise your protection
against a future heart attack or stroke. Prescription PLAVIX and your other medications
work in different ways. Adding PLAVIX can go beyond your current treatment.
PLAVIX, taken with aspirin, plays its own role in keeping platelets from sticking
together and forming clots – which helps keep blood flowing. Talk to your doctor about
PLAVIX.”
If we were to conduct a content analysis of the PLAVIX advertisement, platelets would
be considered _____ units.
A. syntactical
B. referential
C. propositional
D. thematic
E. semiotic
Data have many characteristics. If you cannot see or feel the data being measured, you
are describing their level of ______.
A. abstractness
B. elusiveness
C. verifiability
D. closeness to the phenomenon
E. replicability
The presence of a(n) _____ is the primary difference between a computer-assisted
telephone interview and a computer-administered telephone survey.
A. computer
B. human interviewer
C. supervisor
D. participant
E. recording device
In a study of grocery shopping behavior, one of the questions asked, “Why do you shop
at this grocery store?” The question was a multiple-choice, closed ended question and
offered the following response options: a) it is near my home, b) it is on my way home
from work, c) the prices are reasonable, d) it offers a good selection, and e) it stocks the
items I like to buy. This question should be redesigned because _____.
A. it is double-barreled
B. the response options are not mutually exclusive
C. it suffers from memory decay
D. it requests sensitive information
E. it is too general
Which of the following is a type of monitoring study?
A. Telephone interview
B. Counting cars in a parking lot
C. Mall-intercept interview
D. E-mail survey
E. All of the above
Which of the following statements is FALSE?
A. In cluster analysis, objects in each cluster tend to be similar to each other and
dissimilar to objects in the other clusters
B. Cluster analysis is also called classification analysis or numerical taxonomy
C. Groups or clusters are suggested by the data, not defined a priori
D. Cluster analysis is appropriate when the criterion or dependent variable is categorical
and the independent variables are interval
E. All of the above are true
Which of the following is NOT a required characteristic of good research?
A. Clearly defined purpose
B. Detailed research process
C. Focused on theory
D. Thorough research design
E. Recognition of limitations
With a numerical rating list scale ____.
A. the numerical points have no verbal anchors
B. the data generated are always interval
C. the interval that separates the numeric scale points is equal
D. always uses 7 scale points
E. None of the above
In which of the following situations should an a priori contrast be used?
A. A t-test is used to conclude that men consume more hamburgers than women
B. A chi-square test is used to conclude that there is a difference in type of living
quarters by class status
C. Using a one-way ANOVA, significant differences in ad recall are found between
three experimental groups and one control group
D. A Z test indicates that the national average of the number of soft drinks consumed in
the US exceeds that of France
E. All of the above should use an a priori contrast
Which of the following shapes best represents a normal distribution as it is depicted
graphically?
A. Square
B. Bell
C. Triangle
D. Star
E. Hat
In the study of bystanders and thieves presented in the text, participants are invited to a
store where they see someone steal the purse of another customer. The accosted shopper
and the thief are really acting their parts to set the stage for the experiment. Participants
view the robbery alone or with another participant. The study sought to determine
whether participants were more likely to report a robbery when they observe it alone or
in the company of another person.
What type of research design is used in the bystanders and thieves study?
A. Descriptive
B. Causal
C. Exploratory
D. Monitoring
E. Communication
Which of the following can be determined using a frequency distribution?
A. How close a sample comes to the null hypothesis
B. How does one variable, X, relate another variable, Y
C. Whether a systematic association exist between two variables
D. The shape of the variable’s distribution
E. The systematic variance associated with the sample
_____ variables product data that fit into three or more categories with specific assigned
values.
A. Dichotomous
B. Discrete
C. Operational
D. Independent
E. Continuous
The data obtained from a Stapel scale can be analyzed in the same way as data obtained
with a _____ scale.
A. dichotomous
B. constant sum
C. semantic differential
D. multiple-choice, multiple-response
E. graphic rating scale
A _____ reduces the detail of the stem-and-leaf display and provides a different visual
image of the distribution’s location, spread, shape, and tail length.
A. histogram
B. box plot
C. Pareto diagram
D. frequency table
E. geographic map
Assuming that the sample frame is appropriate, systematic variance can be minimized
in a study by _____.
A. decreasing the sample size
B. increasing the sample size
C. contacting nonrespondents
D. increasing response rates
E. matching
Which of the following attributes can be identified using factual observation?
A. Salesperson credibility
B. Customer interest
C. Number of customer objections
D. Salesperson enthusiasm
E. Attitude toward the brand
All of the following are sources of data that can be used in a Pareto diagram except
_____.
A. multiple-choice-single-response scales
B. multiple-choice-multiple-response scales
C. frequency counts of words
D. dichotomous scales
E. none of the above are sources of data used in Pareto diagrams
The SERVQUAL scale seeks to describe perceptions of service quality with five
dimensions. This scale is _____.
A. unidimensional
B. multidimensional
C. balanced
D. unbalanced
E. valid
What type of questions identifies the participant, interviewer, interview location, and
conditions?
A. classification questions
B. Target questions
C. Administrative questions
D. Structured questions
E. Supervisory questions
Which experimental design provides the best defense against the threats to internal
validity?
A. After-only case study
B. Static group comparison
C. One-group pretest-posttest
D. Nonequivalent control group
E. Pretest-posttest control group
In considering the use of a Web survey for conducting polls of the general population,
the greatest disadvantage of the mode is _____.
A. cost
B. time constraints
C. Internet coverage
D. dial-up modems
E. inability to use monetary incentives