_____ occurs when consumers change information that conflicts with their feelings or
beliefs.
a. Stimulus generalization
b. Selective distortion
c. Cognitive dissonance
d. Selective retention
To rate concept (or product) alternatives, concept tests are often used at the ______
stage.
a. developmental
b. business analysis
c. marketing
d. screening
Target markets in retailing are often defined by demographics, geographic boundaries,
and psychographics.
a. True
b. False
Dumping has led to significant disagreements among countries and diverse views about
its harmfulness.
a. True
b. False
Which of the following is NOT a function of the retailer?
a. Selling directly to consumers as its primary function
b. Reducing the number of transactions required by consumers
c. Making an assortment of goods available in one location
d. Transacting sales without taking title to products it sells
Which of the following statements is true of greenwashing?
a. Consumer demand for green products has helped abate proliferation of green
certifications.
b. Certification of a product’s environmental friendliness by the same company that
produced it should be clearly stated on the packaging.
c. The Federal Trade Commission does not interfere with the rules regarding green
certifications.
d. Greenwashing is a highly reliant way of identifying environmentfriendly products.
Which of the following executional styles creates a character (such as the Energizer
Bunny or Starkist’s Charlie the Tuna) that represents the product in advertisements?
a. Real/animated product symbols
b. Fantasy
c. Mood or image
d. Spokesperson/testimonial
Sales promotion’s greatest strength is in creating strong desire and purchase intent.
a. True
b. False
Which of the following statements is true of accessory equipment?
a. It includes goods such as large or expensive machines and mainframe computers.
b. It includes goods such as portable drills, power tools, and microcomputers.
c. It includes goods such as lubricants, detergents, paper towels, pencils, and paper.
d. It includes goods such as spark plugs, tires, and electric motors for automobiles.
Mark comes from a very poor family yet he works hard and scores high in his school
exams. However he fails to get a job since the school he studied in did not equip him
with the adequate knowledge to find a job. Mark thus starves since he does not earn for
his livelihood. Finally he gets depressed and steals food from some people who buy
delicious food from a local restaurant. What ethical theory has Mark displayed in this
case.
a. Act utilitarianism
b. Rule utilitarianism
c. Casuist
d. Moral relativism
Which of the following statements is true of persuasive promotion?
a. It is designed to stimulate a purchase or an action.
b. It is used to keep the product and brand name in the public’s mind.
c. It seeks to convert an existing need into a want or to stimulate interest in a new
product.
d. It seeks to form relationships with customers and potential customers through
technological ties.
Nonprofit organization marketing is the effort by nonprofit organizations to compete
with privatesector organizations by providing better customer services and gaining
customer loyalty.
a. True
b. False
Jane and Kyle, who have been married for four years, recently had a baby girl. Given
their current stage in the family life cycle, which statement is most likely true of their
spending behavior?
a. They will spend more than average on alcoholic beverages, education, and
entertainment.
b. They will increase their spending on health care, clothing, housing, and food.
c. They will increase their spending on education and transportation.
d. They will increase their spending on vehicles, women’s clothing, and health care.
Which of the following is true of regional malls?
a. They are neither enclosed nor roofed to allow an openair shopping experience.
b. They offer a much wider variety of merchandise and acres of free parking.
c. They have no decorative elements such as fountains, sculptures, and the like.
d. The anchor stores are all usually located near the entrance of the mall.
A broadbased problem that uses marketing research to help managers take effective
actions is called the _________.
a. marketing research problem
b. management decision problem
c. management research
d. marketing research objective
Addoso Inc. manufactures electronic gadgets. The marketing managers at Addoso have
found that a new competitor is gaining more customers. In the context of SWOT
analysis, which of the following actions should be prioritized by Addoso’s marketing
managers?
a. They must analyze aspects of its marketing environment.
b. They must focus on organizational resources.
c. They should ignore macroenvironmental forces.
d. They should focus on lowering product prices.
Which term refers to the optimum utilization of assets so that a firm continues making
profit in the long run?
a. Social sustainability
b. Environmental sustainability
c. Economic sustainability
d. Physical sustainability
Which of the following statements is a characteristic of dumping?
a. It refers to exporter business trying to decrease an overseas market share
b. It refers to the sale of an exported product at a price lower than that charged for the
same or a like product in the “home” market of the exporter
c. It refers to a form of trade in which all or part of the payment for goods or services is
in the form of other goods or services.
d. It refers to a system in which prices of different currencies move up and down based
on the demand for and the supply of each currency
Jamal is a marketing manager who, when it comes to ethical decisions, is more
concerned about the longterm effects of an ethical decision he makes than what others
think of his decision. Therefore, which level of ethical development does Jamal’s
behavior demonstrate?
a. Preconventional morality
b. Postconventional morality
c. Conventional morality
d. Ethnocentric morality
The term Hispanic encompasses people of many different racial backgrounds.
a. True
b. False
Which of the following is a major advantage of offshoring?
a. It reduces supply chain risks for a company.
b. It decreases labor costs incurred by a company.
c. It enables a company to relocate outsourced operations closer to home.
d. It reduces the fuel costs spent on transporting goods.
Which of the following illustrates the correct sequential stages involved in creating an
effective social media plan?
a. Define strategies, identify the target audience, and set social media objectives.
b. Identify the target audience, define strategies, and set social media objectives.
c. Define strategies, set social media objectives, and identify the target audience.
d. Set social media objectives, define strategies, and identify the target audience.
Which customer behavior has motivated retailers to reduce the amount of stock kept on
hand, rent or lease smaller spaces, and ramp up their fulfillment capabilities at
distribution centers?
a. Customers visit an online retail store to examine product features or quality, but then
eventually make the purchase in a physical store.
b. Customers visit a physical retail store to examine product features or quality
firsthand, but then eventually make the purchase online.
c. Customers visit an online retail store to buy a single product but eventually buy
several related items that are not often stocked in a physical store.
d. Customers visit a physical retail store to buy a single product but eventually buy
several related items that are not often stocked in an online store.
Retailers can better acquire and use assets when they customize store layouts and
merchandise mixes to the tastes of local consumer bases.
a. True
b. False
The Uruguay Round replaced the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT) with
_____.
a. the European Union (EU)
b. the World Trade Organization (WTO)
c. the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA)
d. the International Monetary Fund (IMF)
A person who follows the deontological theory will produce inconsistent decisions
because they are be based on the individual’s choices.
a. True
b. False
An online store promises to deliver any order costing over $60 within 24 hours. It uses
this strategy to increase the volume of customer orders and the store always delivers on
that promise. This company’s track record for prompt delivery clearly implies that the
company rates high on ______.
a. reliability
b. assurance
c. responsiveness
d. empathy
Unlike a commercial advertiser, the sponsor of a public service advertisement pays for
the advertising time and space.
a. True
b. False
Marketing determines prices and pricing policies that contribute to achieving the
fundamental objectives of most businesses.
a. True
b. False
The process by which customer information is centralized and shared to enhance the
relationship between customers and the organization is called ___________
management.
a. knowledge
b. customer relationship
c. sales force
d. organizational
Which of the following refers to net profit after taxes divided by total assets?
a. Return on investment (ROI)
b. Revenue
c. Profit
d. Price
Earned media is a new form of promotional tactic where brands are becoming
publishers of their own content in order to maximize the brand’s value to customers as
well as increase their search rank in Google.
a. True
b. False
Which of the following statements is true of informative promotion?
a. It is designed to stimulate a purchase or an action to purchase.
b. It is used to keep the product and brand name in the public’s mind.
c. It seeks to convert an existing need into a want or to stimulate interest in a new
product.
d. It seeks to form relationships with customers and potential customers through
technological ties.
Which of the following sells bulk quantities of merchandise to customers at volume
discount prices in exchange for a periodic membership fee?
a. Fullline discount store
b. Specialty discount store
c. Factory outlet
d. Warehouse club
Unlike a sustainable competitive advantage, a cost competitive advantage:
a. does not ensure satisfactory profit margins.
b. requires business firms to reduce afterpurchase service options.
c. involves producing goods that cannot be copied by competitors.
d. is subject to continual erosion.