Debriefing differs from informed consent in that _____.
A. debriefing occurs after the study while informed consent occurs before
B. debriefing discloses any deception while informed consent does not
C. informed consent discloses the purpose of the study while a debriefing does not
D. individuals who are not competent to give consent and simply be debriefed
E. debriefing guidelines are based on the Nuremberg Code while informed consent
guidelines are based on the American Psychological Association’s code of ethics
The problem or opportunity that requires a business decision on the part of the decision
maker is called a _____.
A. management dilemma
B. research problem
C. challenge
D. measurement approach
E. return on business investment
The ability for an observer to function in a setting with many distractions is most
associated with the observer’s level or degree of _____.
A. concentration
B. detail-orientation
C. experience
D. distinctiveness
E. enthusiasm
Which word below best describes nonprobability sampling?
A. Subjective
B. Objective
C. Random
D. Systematic
E. Generalizable
All of the following are benefits of pilot tests except _____.
A. provision of proxy data for probability sampling
B. identification of measurement errors
C. detection of weaknesses in research design
D. sensitization of respondents to the purpose of the study
E. all of the above are benefits
Suppose you were starting a research study based upon secondary sources about the use
of computers for educational purposes in colleges. You should probably begin by:
A. Checking your library’s online catalog
B. Search Books-in-Print for new publications on this topic
C. Checking several bibliographic indexes
D. Since this is a new technology area, consult the appropriate
DoctoralDissertationAbstracts bulletins.
E. Consulting the government research librarian
RFID data refers to data captured using _____.
A. radio frequency identification chips
B. infrared technology
C. global positioning systems
D. mapping
E. optical mark recognition software
Which of the following is most appropriately displayed with a frequency table?
A. What percentage of people prefer Hunt’s brand ketchup
B. The relationship between gender and job performance
C. How much explanatory value comes from the study’s variables
D. The home location of the most valuable customers
E. The relative effectiveness of ads in newspapers verses ads in magazines
Recording the radio station presets on cars brought into car repair shops is an example
of _____.
A. linguistic observation
B. trace evidence
C. nonverbal behavior
D. spatial behavior
E. temporal behavior
What type of study is being conducted when Land’s End Home mails a catalog with a
fluffy set of towels on the cover to one group of consumers and the same catalog with a
cover featuring a photograph of a beautifully-made bed to another consumer group in
order to test differences in response between the two groups?
A. Case study
B. Longitudinal study
C. Exploratory study
D. Experiment
E. Ex post facto study
To satisfactorily answer a research question, researchers must first answer _____
questions.
A. management
B. investigative
C. measurement
D. dilemma
E. deductive
Which type of data collection mode is most appropriate for a survey requiring 45
minutes to complete?
A. Telephone
B. Computer-administered telephone
C. Mail
D. Online
E. Intercept
Which of the following graph or chart types offer a danger of obscuring rather than
clarifying data?
A. bar charts
B. 3-D surface line charts
C. column charts
D. exploding pie chart
E. scatter plot
Which of the following is an appropriate use of deception in research?
A. To collect data to compile lists for selling something
B. To develop competitive intelligence
C. To collect personal information for fraudulent purposes
D. To prevent biasing the respondents
E. All of the above
The technique used to provide a more simple and interpretable picture of the
relationships between factors and variables is called _____.
A. rotation
B. regression
C. resistance
D. principal components
E. residual analysis
Anne is introducing a group of research participants to the study at hand. To ensure
adequate oral consent, she should include all of the following components in her
introduction except _____.
A. research organization
B. promise of anonymity and confidentiality
C. sponsoring organization
D. purpose of the research
E. estimate of when the research study will be published
In a research presentation, a supporting material known as “analogy” is defined as ____.
A. a critical incident selected to prove an overarching claim; brief rather than detailed
stories
B. numerical data used in the collection, analysis, and interpretation of data, but also
found in data collection planning
C. a comparison between two different things to highlight a point of similarity; not
offered as conclusive proof for an argument, but may be useful to clarify the argument
or presenter’s position
D. an implicit comparison between two unlike things that actually have something
important in common; expresses the unfamiliar in terms of the familiar, achieving its
effect via association, comparison, and resemblance
E. verifiable data about situations that exist or events that are known to have occurred;
often involving statistical data
Which of the following is an example of a primary source of information?
A. Census data
B. Newspaper articles
C. Encyclopedias
D. Google searches
E. Internal sales reports
Consider the following array of numbers: 5 6 7 7 7 8 8 9 9 9 10 15 19 20 21
In the array provided, what is the mode?
A. 7
B. 9
C. 10
D. 15
E. Both A and B
As one increases the significance level accepted for hypothesis testing, the probability
of committing a type II error _____.
A. increases
B. decreases
C. stays the same
D. is rejected
E. is accepted
_____ is a regression procedure in which the predictor variables enter or leave the
regression equation one at a time.
A. Forward selection
B. Backward elimination
C. Stepwise selection
D. Ad hoc selection
E. Random elimination
All forms of ranking scales result in _____ data.
A. nominal
B. ordinal
C. interval
D. ratio
E. absolute
When the research presenter gives the primary premise but expects the audience to
supply any missing knowledge (premises) in order to reach the researcher’s conclusion,
the presenter is using _____.
A. ethos
B. kinesthetic learning
C. enthymeme
D. stories
E. testimony
Which of the following statements is not true about factor rotation?
A. Through rotation, the factor matrix is transformed into a simpler one that is easier to
interpret
B. Rotation affects the communalities and the percentage of total variance explained
C. Preferably, variables should load on only one factor
D. Different rotation methods may identify different factors
E. One rotation method is varimax
Which of the following techniques is useful in a written report for emphasizing
important textual content material?
A. Use headings
B. Use ample white space
C. Use visual aids
D. Choose well-known vocabulary terms
E. Use italics
The issue of time for thought in the design of questions asks _____.
A. does the question contain wording that implies the researcher’s desire for the
participant to respond in one way rather than another
B. is the question worded from the researcher’s perspective or the participant’s
perspective
C. does the question ask the participant for information that relates to thoughts or
activity too far in the participant’s past to be remembered
D. does the question use words that have no meaning or a different meaning for the
participant
E. is it reasonable to assume that the participant can frame an answer to the question
When discordant pairs exceed concordant pairs in a P-Q relationship, Kendall’s tau
reports a(n) _____ association between the variables under study.
A. inverse
B. positive
C. negative
D. weak
E. strong
The sponsor’s right to an appropriate, value-laden research design and data handling and
reporting techniques is referred to as the sponsor’s _____.
A. right to quality
B. right to privacy
C. right to safety
D. right to value
E. right to research
Which of the following describes how pathos established in a research presentation?
A. By collecting past impressions from prior associations
B. Interviewing critical members of the intended audience
C. Surveying a sample of the invitees regarding agreement with a series of statements
about issues
D. Discovering demographic and dispositional audience characteristics
E. All of the above
Choosing between the questions “Do you think the distribution of soft drinks is
adequate?” (Incorrect) and “Do you think soft drinks are readily available when you
want to buy them?” (Correct) are examples of situations that pertain to _____.
A. avoiding leading questions
B. avoiding biased words
C. presuming knowledge
D. ensuring the right frame of reference
E. providing time for thought
An affective basis for an attitude means that the attitude is based on a(n) _____.
A. feeling
B. behavior
C. opinion
D. culture
E. belief
Which type of error is also known as alpha?
A. Type I error
B. Type II error
C. Beta error
D. Standard error
E. Demand error
What types of tactics can researchers use to minimize participant tendencies to avoid
extreme judgments or choose extreme positions on a scale?
What is the difference between a Type I error and a Type II error? How are the two
errors related?
Explain the value of conducting a pilot test and the primary considerations for a
research planning to use a pilot test.
Briefly explain how a researcher can benefit from using scatterplots.
Explain the three bases for attitudes. Provide an example for each one.
What is the difference between applied research and basic research?
Explain the difference between interim evaluation and ex post facto evaluation.
What are the seven basic principles of the U.S. Safe Harbor Agreement? List each
principle and explain what it means for companies seeking to adhere to the agreement.
What are the seven steps a researcher follows in conducting an experiment?
Explain the rationale for sampling rather than using a census for every study.
What are some of the responsibilities of interviewers aside from conducting the actual
interviews? Name five of these responsibilities.
Explain how to develop a stem-and-leaf display.
What are the four characteristics of effective codes of ethics? Is anyone characteristic
critical for the effectiveness of the code?
Describe the most important ways by which you can understand your audience in the
planning phase of creating your presentation.
Provide some advice for a person writing a short research report.
Explain the researcher’s dilemma in deciding whether to use forced-choice rating scales
or unforced-choice rating scales?
What is the difference between a probability sample and a nonprobability sample?
Which one is preferred by researchers? Explain.
Explain the meaning of pretesting and why instrument designers should pretest
questionnaires prior to using them in a study.
Explain the five steps in conducting a literature search.
What can a researcher determine through the use of cross-tabulations?