What aquatic ecosystem is most capable of diluting, dispersing, and degrading large
amounts of sewage, sludge, and oil?HTMLENTITY#8203HTMLENTITY
a. HTMLENTITY#8203HTMLENTITYestuary
b. HTMLENTITY#8203HTMLENTITYswiftly flowing stream
c. HTMLENTITY#8203HTMLENTITYdeepwater ocean
d. HTMLENTITY#8203HTMLENTITYcoastal parts of the ocean
e. slowmoving riverHTMLENTITY#8203HTMLENTITY
Why is it risky for companies to invest in renewable energy?
a. Pricing for renewable energy resources are artificially low.
b. None of the known renewable energy resources are reliable.
c. Renewable energy is expected to fall out of favor with the American public in the
next decade.
d. Subsidies and tax breaks have to be renewed by the government every few years.
e. The energy net yield is often low and changes yearly.
In a biomagnification situation, a chemical pollutant ____ at each trophic level in a food
chain or web.HTMLENTITY#8203HTMLENTITY
a. HTMLENTITY#8203HTMLENTITYdecreases
b. HTMLENTITY#8203HTMLENTITYincreases
c. HTMLENTITY#8203HTMLENTITYbecomes less concentrated
d. HTMLENTITY#8203HTMLENTITYchanges
e. HTMLENTITY#8203HTMLENTITYenters the system
What are the main sources of lead, mercury and arsenic water pollutants?
HTMLENTITY#8203HTMLENTITY
a. HTMLENTITY#8203HTMLENTITYelectric power plants
b. HTMLENTITY#8203HTMLENTITYunlined landfills, household chemicals, mining
refuse and industrial discharges
c. HTMLENTITY#8203HTMLENTITYsewage and inorganic fertilizers
d. HTMLENTITY#8203HTMLENTITYrunoff from streets and parking lots
e. land erosion from farms that have used chemical
insecticidesHTMLENTITY#8203HTMLENTITY
Sand is composed mostly of ____ and is used to make glass, bricks, and concrete for
the construction of roads and buildings.HTMLENTITY#8203HTMLENTITY
a. HTMLENTITY#8203HTMLENTITYshells, skeletons, and other remains of dead
aquatic organisms
b. HTMLENTITY#8203HTMLENTITYaluminum
c. HTMLENTITY#8203HTMLENTITYphosphate salts
d. HTMLENTITY#8203HTMLENTITYsilicon dioxide (SiO2)
e. HTMLENTITY#8203HTMLENTITYcalcium carbonate, or CaCO3
Marine snow refers to ____.HTMLENTITY#8203HTMLENTITY
a. HTMLENTITY#8203HTMLENTITYappearance of the water during freezing
weather
b. HTMLENTITY#8203HTMLENTITYanimal and plant plankton that die and drift
downward
c. HTMLENTITY#8203HTMLENTITYwhite sand beaches
d. HTMLENTITY#8203HTMLENTITYalgal blooms
e. HTMLENTITY#8203HTMLENTITYweather over the Arctic that contributes to the
ice pack
HTMLENTITY#8203HTMLENTITYMutagens can cause or increase the frequency of
mutations in the ____ molecules found in cells.
a. waterHTMLENTITY#8203HTMLENTITY
b. HTMLENTITY#8203HTMLENTITYcarbohydrate
c. DNA
d. HTMLENTITY#8203HTMLENTITYfat
e. HTMLENTITY#8203HTMLENTITYRNA
Although computer chips are partly made of crystals manufactured in a factory by
humans, why is it that these chips cannot be called minerals?
a. They do not exist in large enough quantities.
b. They are not naturally occurring.
c. They contain organic materials.
d. They are not entirely solid.
e. They contain no inorganic components.
Nonnative species thrive in new ecosystems because they have superior gene pools.
a. True
b. False
HTMLENTITY#8203HTMLENTITYWhat is currently the most important threat to the
survival of polar bears?
a. HTMLENTITY#8203HTMLENTITYpollutants driven by currents from oceans in
more temperate climate zones
b. HTMLENTITY#8203HTMLENTITYhunting by native populations
c. HTMLENTITY#8203HTMLENTITYdisruptions from tourism
d. HTMLENTITY#8203HTMLENTITYlimited hunting opportunities due to less
floating ice
e. HTMLENTITY#8203HTMLENTITYslow extinction as a result of documented
global population cycles
Science is ____.HTMLENTITY#8203HTMLENTITY
a. HTMLENTITY#8203HTMLENTITYa field in which observations are rarely tested
b. never investigated using statistical tools and models
c. HTMLENTITY#8203HTMLENTITYbest described as a collection of opinions
d. HTMLENTITY#8203HTMLENTITYsupported by small amounts of evidence
e. HTMLENTITY#8203HTMLENTITYa broad field of study focused on discovering
how nature works
Most of the solid waste in the United States comes from the industrial sector.
a. True
b. False
Polluting industrial sites and hazardous waste dumps tend to be located in communities
populated by ____.
a. wealthy upper class
b. wild animals
c. middle class
d. minorities
e. politicians
HTMLENTITY#8203HTMLENTITYWhat is likely the most effective way to reduce
acid deposition?
a. Offer tax breaks to companies that emit SO2.
b. HTMLENTITY#8203HTMLENTITYAdd phosphate fertilizer to acidified lakes.
c. HTMLENTITY#8203HTMLENTITYAdd more topsoil to thin soil with little
buffering capacity.
d. HTMLENTITY#8203HTMLENTITYAdd lime to neutralize the acids.
e. HTMLENTITY#8203HTMLENTITYImplement prevention approaches that reduce
or eliminate emissions.
In debtfornature swaps, participating countries
____.HTMLENTITY#8203HTMLENTITY
a. HTMLENTITY#8203HTMLENTITYact as custodians of protected forest reserves in
return for foreign aid or debt relief
b. HTMLENTITY#8203HTMLENTITYtake out loans to finance nature preserves
c. HTMLENTITY#8203HTMLENTITYsell nature preserves to industries to pay off
debts
d. HTMLENTITY#8203HTMLENTITYinvest in ecologically sound companies
e. HTMLENTITY#8203HTMLENTITYrepay debts with raw natural resources rather
than currency
The nuclear fuel cycle can last up to ____ years.
a. 2,4
b. 240
c. 2,400
d. 24,000
e. 240,000
Some analysts believe that because of our technological ingenuity, there are few, if any,
limits to human population growth and resource use per person.
a. True
b. False
To keep human population constant, the global total fertility rate would have to equal
____.
a. 0
b. 0.5
c. 1
d. 2.1
e. 2.9
After poverty and gender, the greatest risks people face are mainly from lifestyle
choices.
a. True
b. False
Peer review involves scientists openly publishing details of the methods they used, the
results of their experiments, and the reasoning behind their hypotheses for other
scientists working in the same field to evaluate.
a. True
b. False
Species can be more vulnerable to storms and forest fires because of habitat
fragmentation.
a. True
b. False
Which school of thought argued that public lands should be managed wisely and
scientifically, primarily to provide resources for people?
HTMLENTITY#8203HTMLENTITY
a. HTMLENTITY#8203HTMLENTITYpreservationist school
b. HTMLENTITY#8203HTMLENTITYearthcentered school
c. HTMLENTITY#8203HTMLENTITYtraditional school
d. HTMLENTITY#8203HTMLENTITYconservationist school
e. HTMLENTITY#8203HTMLENTITYcommons school
Without sufficient quantities of the micronutrient _____, goiters may
develop.HTMLENTITY#8203HTMLENTITY
a. HTMLENTITY#8203HTMLENTITYprotein
b. HTMLENTITY#8203HTMLENTITYcarbohydrates
c. HTMLENTITY#8203HTMLENTITYvitamin A
d. HTMLENTITY#8203HTMLENTITYvitamin C
e. iodineHTMLENTITY#8203HTMLENTITY
What has brought about what some experts are calling a new era of oil and natural gas
production in the United States?
a. Higher market prices for oil
b. More efficient distribution systems
c. The development of shale oil extraction technologies
d. The discovery of new oil sands
e. Horizontal drilling and hydraulic fracturing
Hawks typically forage for their rodent prey species during the daytime. While owls
may eat similar prey species, and live in the same area, they forage during the night.
This is best described as an example of ____.
a. interspecific competition
b. mutualism
c. parasitism
d. predation
e. resource partitioning
The porous layers of sand, gravel, or rock in most aquifers are like large, elongated
sponges through which groundwater seeps, which typically moves only a meter or so
(about 3 feet) per year and rarely more than 0.3 meter (1 foot) per day.
a. True
b. False
San Diego, California has, on average, milder winters and cooler summers than Dallas,
Texas. This is an example of climate.
a. True
b. False
____ is the number and variety of species present in any biological
community.HTMLENTITY#8203HTMLENTITY
a. HTMLENTITY#8203HTMLENTITYBiome diversity
b. HTMLENTITY#8203HTMLENTITYFunctional diversity
c. HTMLENTITY#8203HTMLENTITYEcological diversity
d. HTMLENTITY#8203HTMLENTITYGenetic diversity
e. HTMLENTITY#8203HTMLENTITYSpecies diversity
____ are the fundamental structural and functional units of
life.HTMLENTITY#8203HTMLENTITY
a. HTMLENTITY#8203HTMLENTITYIons
b. HTMLENTITY#8203HTMLENTITYAtoms
c. HTMLENTITY#8203HTMLENTITYCompounds
d. HTMLENTITY#8203HTMLENTITYMolecules
e. HTMLENTITY#8203HTMLENTITYCells
The kind of industrialized agriculture commonly found in tropical lessdeveloped
nations is known as ____.HTMLENTITY#8203HTMLENTITY
a. HTMLENTITY#8203HTMLENTITYplantation agriculture
b. HTMLENTITY#8203HTMLENTITYcash crops
c. HTMLENTITY#8203HTMLENTITYhighinput agriculture
d. HTMLENTITY#8203HTMLENTITYnontraditional subsistence agriculture
e. polycultureHTMLENTITY#8203HTMLENTITY
HTMLENTITY#8203HTMLENTITY
According to the EPA, all impoundment liners will eventually ____________________.
Birds are excellent ____________________ species because they respond to habitat
and climate changes very quickly relative to other kinds of plants and animals.
A chemical that is a combination of two or more different elements is called a(n)
____________________.
ANSWER: HTMLENTITY#8203HTMLENTITY
The ____________________ worldview assumes that humans are dominant over all
other species and should therefore make environmental decisions based on that
dominance.
HTMLENTITY#8203HTMLENTITYDiscuss why estimating risks from technologies
is difficult.
ANSWER: HTMLENTITY#8203HTMLENTITY
____________________ are chemical sex attractants emitted that also attract predators
and can be used as alternatives to pesticides.
Your ____________________ is your set of assumptions and values reflecting how you
think the world works and what you think your role in the world should
be.HTMLENTITY#8203HTMLENTITY
ANSWER: HTMLENTITY#8203HTMLENTITY
When a cool layer of air is below a warm layer of air, this is called a(n)
____________________.
Residents of dispersed cities that grow outward often rely on motor vehicles for most of
their transportation, but residents of compact cities that grow ____________________
get around by walking, biking, or using mass transit.
The interaction between a lion and a hyena fighting over a dead zebra on the African
Savannah is best described as ____________________.
The most common method of burial is ____________________ where liquid hazardous
wastes are pumped under high pressure through a pipe into dry, porous rock formations.
HTMLENTITY#8203HTMLENTITYExplain how poverty drives population growth.
ANSWER: HTMLENTITY#8203HTMLENTITY