Since 1980, the U.S. population has ____.
a. shifted to the north and east
b. shifted to the north and west
c. shifted to the south and east
d. shifted to the south and west
e. shifted to the north as people seek cooler areas because of global warming
What do workers in countries with cheap labor use to recover valuable metals from
ewaste?HTMLENTITY#8203HTMLENTITY
a. HTMLENTITY#8203HTMLENTITYlead
b. HTMLENTITY#8203HTMLENTITYsharp knives
c. HTMLENTITY#8203HTMLENTITYheat
d. HTMLENTITY#8203HTMLENTITYacid
e. mercuryHTMLENTITY#8203HTMLENTITY
What HIPPCO activity is the main threat to the beaches where endangered sea turtles
breed?HTMLENTITY#8203HTMLENTITY
a. HTMLENTITY#8203HTMLENTITYinvasive species
b. HTMLENTITY#8203HTMLENTITYpollution
c. HTMLENTITY#8203HTMLENTITYfragmentation
d. HTMLENTITY#8203HTMLENTITYclimate change
e. HTMLENTITY#8203HTMLENTITYuse of pesticides
Which country pays landowners to restore tree cover?
HTMLENTITY#8203HTMLENTITY
a. HTMLENTITY#8203HTMLENTITYPanama
b. HTMLENTITY#8203HTMLENTITYBrazil
c. HTMLENTITY#8203HTMLENTITYCosta Rica
d. HTMLENTITY#8203HTMLENTITYChina
e. HTMLENTITY#8203HTMLENTITYNorway
The most common form of the carbon atom is sometimes referred to as 12C. An isotope
of this atom is called 14C. 14C must have a different number of ____ than
12C.HTMLENTITY#8203HTMLENTITY
a. HTMLENTITY#8203HTMLENTITYions
b. HTMLENTITY#8203HTMLENTITYprotons
c. HTMLENTITY#8203HTMLENTITYatoms
d. HTMLENTITY#8203HTMLENTITYneutrons
e. HTMLENTITY#8203HTMLENTITYelectrons
New species arise when a mutation occurs and an organism is born much different than
its parents.
a. True
b. False
The ocean covers ____ of the earth’s surface.
a. 15%
b. 30%
c. 50%
d. 71%
e. 97%
HTMLENTITY#8203HTMLENTITYExtinction recoveries can ____.
a. HTMLENTITY#8203HTMLENTITYnever happen
b. HTMLENTITY#8203HTMLENTITYtake several million years
c. HTMLENTITY#8203HTMLENTITYhappen over a few hundred years
d. HTMLENTITY#8203HTMLENTITYbe detrimental to existing species
e. HTMLENTITY#8203HTMLENTITYonly happen in the absence human activity
Overgrazing is a major impact human activities have on grassland ecosystems.
a. True
b. False
How are spent nuclear fuel rods stored immediately after they are removed from the
reactor core?
a. They are transferred to a storage facility located inside a mountain made of granite.
b. They are stored in a deep pool of water contained in a steellined concrete basin for
cooling.
c. They are stored upright on concrete pads in sealed drystorage casks made of heat
resistant metal alloys and thick concrete.
d. They are processed to remove radioactive plutonium, which can then be used as
nuclear fuel or for making nuclear weapons
e. They buried in an underground repository.
Every year, the United States generates enough municipal solid waste to fill a
bumpertobumper convoy of garbage trucks long enough to circle the earth’s equator
almost six times.
a. True
b. False
What is the benefit of including the harmful environmental and health costs associated
with fossil fuels, nuclear energy, and other nonrenewable resources?
a. It would ensure that renewable energy is competitive with nonrenewable resources in
terms of market price.
b. It would make more funding available for cleanup and health care.
c. It would provide more profitbased incentives for energy production.
d. It would ensure infinite resources by requiring conservation and higher efficiency.
e. It would eliminate the need for subsidies, tax incentives, and government regulations.
How do composting toilet systems help improve sewage treatment?
a. Sewage flows into a passive solar greenhouse.
b. Waste is converted to a soillike humus that can be used as a fertilizer.
c. Water passes through an artificial marsh made of sand and gravel filtering out organic
waste.
d. Household sewage and wastewater is pumped into a settling tank.
e. Aerobic bacteria remove as much as dissolved and biodegradable, oxygen demanding
organic wastes.
In a truly freemarket economic system, all economic decisions are governed solely by
democracy and principles of individual’s freedom to choose.
a. True
b. False
A thermostat set to 62 F turns on the furnace when a house cools below that
temperature, and shuts the furnace off when a house warms above that temperature.
This is an example of a simple ____.
a. positive feedback loop
b. negative feedback loop
c. system loop
d. tipping point
e. thermodynamic loop
Which approach to business is least ecologicallyminded?
a. mimic nature
b. reduce poverty
c. sell more things instead of services
d. use fullcost pricing
e. use ecolabels on products
Production of fossil fuels from shale rock has a lower net energy yield than does the
fossil fuel produced from conventional oil deposits.
a. True
b. False
What rock is most likely to be formed from compacted plant remains?
HTMLENTITY#8203HTMLENTITY
a. HTMLENTITY#8203HTMLENTITYcoal
b. HTMLENTITY#8203HTMLENTITYlimestone
c. HTMLENTITY#8203HTMLENTITYrock salt
d. HTMLENTITY#8203HTMLENTITYmarble
e. HTMLENTITY#8203HTMLENTITYgranite
HTMLENTITY#8203HTMLENTITYWhat has probably killed more people over the
course of human history than all of the wars ever fought?
a. HTMLENTITY#8203HTMLENTITYflu
b. HTMLENTITY#8203HTMLENTITYmalarial protozoa
c. HTMLENTITY#8203HTMLENTITYtuberculosis
d. HTMLENTITY#8203HTMLENTITYdiarrhea
e. HTMLENTITY#8203HTMLENTITYAIDS
The longterm problem for the United States is that it uses about 20% of the oil
produced globally, produces about 10% of the world’s oil, and has only 2% of the
world’s proven crude oil reserves.
a. True
b. False
Nanotechnologists envision technological innovations such as a flexible solar cell films
that could be attached to or painted onto almost any surface.
a. True
b. False
Which city in the United States has used strong landuse policies to control its growth
and reduce its dependence on automobiles, and has the nation’s highest percentage of
bicycle commuters as a result?
a. New York
b. Portland
c. Milwaukee
d. Las Vegas
e. Phoenix
Toxicology is a science devoted to the study of risks to human life.
a. True
b. False
HTMLENTITY#8203HTMLENTITYA small pellet of uranium dioxide is about the
size of an eraser on a pencil and contains the energy equivalent to a ____.
a. HTMLENTITY#8203HTMLENTITYseveral years all solar energy reaching the
earth
b. HTMLENTITY#8203HTMLENTITYseveral tons of tar sand
c. HTMLENTITY#8203HTMLENTITYton of coal
d. HTMLENTITY#8203HTMLENTITYmillion barrels of crude oil
e. HTMLENTITY#8203HTMLENTITYmillion cubic feet of natural gas
According to the WWF Global Footprint Network, if everyone in the world used
resources equal to what the average American uses, we would need
____.HTMLENTITY#8203HTMLENTITY
a. HTMLENTITY#8203HTMLENTITYto share resources equally in order to survive
b. HTMLENTITY#8203HTMLENTITYmore oil and gas than is available
c. HTMLENTITY#8203HTMLENTITYmore energy efficiency
d. HTMLENTITY#8203HTMLENTITYabout five planet earths to support them
e. HTMLENTITY#8203HTMLENTITYmore sustainable energy
The chemical formula for the nitrogen gas in the atmosphere is
____.HTMLENTITY#8203HTMLENTITY
a. HTMLENTITY#8203HTMLENTITYCN
b. HTMLENTITY#8203HTMLENTITYNO3
c. HTMLENTITY#8203HTMLENTITYN2
d. HTMLENTITY#8203HTMLENTITYNH3
e. HTMLENTITY#8203HTMLENTITYNH4
+
What can take decades to thousands of years to cleanse itself of slowly degradable
wastes?
a. lakes
b. soil
c. groundwater
d. oil contaminated surface waters
e. urban waterways
HTMLENTITY#8203HTMLENTITYBiocultural restoration refers to ____.
a. HTMLENTITY#8203HTMLENTITYrestoration of the cultural aspect of cities
damaged by natural disasters
b. HTMLENTITY#8203HTMLENTITYembedding cultural awareness as part of
biology courses
c. HTMLENTITY#8203HTMLENTITYprojects that have biological themes for school
art projects
d. HTMLENTITY#8203HTMLENTITYprojects that involve local people in restoration
of degraded areas
e. HTMLENTITY#8203HTMLENTITYexplaining environmental awareness using the
traditional stories of a culture
How do proponents suggest we implement a tax shift to green taxes, which transfers
taxes from income and wealth to pollution and environmental degradation?
a. It should be enacted immediately in order to do any good.
b. It should only apply to developed countries.
c. It should include tax breaks.
d. In some cases both pollution and income/wealth should be taxed.
e. It should be phased in over 10 to 20 years.
Government subsidies can actually encourage companies to conduct business in ways
that result in environmental degradation.
a. True
b. False
HTMLENTITY#8203HTMLENTITYThe Argentina fire ant is ____.
a. HTMLENTITY#8203HTMLENTITYextinct because of insecticides
b. HTMLENTITY#8203HTMLENTITYthreatened
c. HTMLENTITY#8203HTMLENTITYendangered
d. HTMLENTITY#8203HTMLENTITYan accidentally introduced species
e. HTMLENTITY#8203HTMLENTITYa deliberately introduced species
Pesticides blown from agricultural lands into the air is an example of
____________________ pollution.
On the generalized population age structure figure, choose the diagram that represents a
population that is increasing slowly.
When ____________________ from the atmosphere is absorbed by ocean water, it
combines with water to form carbonic acid.
____________________ are people who look for plants and animals that may have
medicinal value.
ANSWER: HTMLENTITY#8203HTMLENTITY
In the United States, ____________________ supply nearly all of the drinking water in
rural areas.
The area of land adjacent to a stream called a(n) ____________________.
An irrigation problem that reduces soil oxygen levels, causes accumulation of gases
toxic to plants, and alters the concentration of nutrients around plant roots is called
____________________.
Natural ____________________ matters because it supports all life and all economies.
____________________ are harmful chemicals emitted directly into the air from
natural processes and human activities.
The increased use of ____________________ automobiles could help reduce our
carbon footprint.
The growing consensus is that the European honeybee ____________________ is
likely caused by a combination of interacting factors related to several forms of
environmental degradation.
List at least three possible hidden costs associated with burning gasoline in an
automobile.
____________________ are deep underground sources of freshwater found between
the porous geological layers of sand, gravel, or bedrock.
As global temperatures rise, increasing quantities of mountain glaciers and polar ice
caps are melting.
