Which of the following explains why talented major league baseball players command
much higher salaries than neurosurgeons?
A) because the total value of baseball games is much higher than the total value of
neurosurgery
B) because it takes far more skill and training to be a major league baseball player than
to be a neurosurgeon
C) because the supply of talented major league baseball players is relatively low
compared to the supply of neurosurgeons. Therefore, major league baseball players
exert far more market power than neurosurgeon.
D) because the supply of talented major league baseball players is low relative to its
demand compared to the supply of neurosurgeons. Therefore, adding another player
yields far greater marginal benefit than adding another neurosurgeon.
Between 1980 and 2011, income inequality in the United States has increased in part
due to expanding international trade. How does expanding international trade contribute
to income inequality?
A) It increases the demand for a wide array of products which in turn increases prices
beyond the reach of average income individuals.
B) It allows producers to exploit workers and reduce the wages they are willing to pay
workers.
C) Domestic firms can now hire low-skilled workers anywhere in the world, putting
U.S. workers in competition with foreign workers. This has caused the wages of
unskilled workers to be depressed relative to the wages of other workers.
D) It reduces the cost of producing goods and therefore lowers the value of labor’s
services.