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Which of the following is an explanatory hypothesis?
A. Young women purchase fewer meats than women who are 35 years of age or older.
B. Sales of vegetarian foods vary by season.
C. An increase in family income leads to an increase in the percentage of income spent
on housing.
D. Real estate investment trusts (REITs) experienced a record level of profitability in
2004.
E. People in the South tend to rate the President more favorably than do people in the
North.
Departmental budgeting means that research budgets are determined by _____.
A. allocating the same amount to research that competing firms allocate
B. the contributions of various departments to fund department-specific projects
C. evaluating projects on a case-by-case basis
D. taking a fixed percentage of some criterion
E. allocating whatever is left after covering other required expenditures
Principal component analysis describes _____.
A. a method for identifying the variables in multidimensional scaling
B. a method for identifying the variables in path analysis
C. a method for reducing the number of variables in a factor analysis
D. a method for reducing the number of variables in conjoint analysis
E. None of the above
All of the following question types are asked of the survey participant except _____.
A. classification questions
B. target questions
C. supervisory questions
D. administrative questions
E. disguised questions
Merck conducted tests on the effectiveness and safety of Vioxx. Merck did not seek to
hide its identity as a sponsor of the research or the study's purpose. However, it did seek
to protect research data suggesting that Vioxx is no more effective than aspirin. In this
situation, Merck sought _____.
A. purpose nondisclosure
B. findings nondisclosure
C. identity nondisclosure
D. sponsor nondisclosure
E. facts nondisclosure
The skip interval refers to ____.
A. Amount of time between questions when interviewing a participant
B. The physical distance between two questions on a questionnaire
C. The calculation applied to a sample frame when drawing a systematic sample
D. The place within a sample frame where you start to draw sample elements
E. None of the above
A _____ is the total collection of elements about which the researcher wishes to make
inferences.
A. population
B. target population
C. population element
D. sample frame
E. sample
_____ is a form of argument that purports to be conclusive - the conclusion must
necessarily follow from the reasons given.
A. Induction
B. Deduction
C. Logic
D. Philosophy
E. Exposition
Which term below is used to describe a series of interviews, done with subject experts,
which are used to develop or refine appropriate measurement questions for a
subsequent research project?
A. Triangulation
B. Cultural Interview
C. Life History
D. Convergent Interviewing
E. Ethnography
A categorization scale is a scale that _____.
A. scores an object without making a direct comparison to another object
B. scores an objecting by making a comparison and determining order among two or
more objects
C. groups participants
D. groups concepts according to specific criteria
E. establishes relationships between two variables
All of the following are characteristics of complete informed consent except _____.
A. the participant must be competent to give consent
B. consent must be voluntary
C. participants must be adequately informed to make a decision
D. participants must be able to consult legal counsel if they wish
E. participants should know the possible risks associated with the research
Interviewer error may be caused by _____.
A. an unwillingness to participate
B. participant faulty recall
C. the falsification of answers
D. social desirability responding
E. all of the above
Which research design listed below is most appropriate for establishing causality?
A. Focus group
B. Individual depth interview
C. Experiment
D. Survey
E. Behavioral observation
Nonmetric measures refer to data that are _____.
A. Nominal
B. Interval
C. Ordinal
D. Ratio
E. A & C above
Under which of the following conditions must the null hypothesis be rejected?
A. p value <α
B. p value >α
C. p value = α
D. p value cannot be determined
E. p value is unrelated to hypothesis testing
Origin, one of the four characteristics of mapping rules, refers to _____.
A. the use of ordered numbers such that two is less than three but greater than one
B. the use of numbers used to group or sort responses when no order to the numbers
exists
C. the use of a series of numbers in which each number is an equal distance from the
next
D. the use of a series of numbers with a unique origin indicated by the number zero
E. the use of a number that is not used again
The median is an appropriate measure of central tendency for _____ data.
A. interval
B. ratio
C. ordinal
D. nominal
E. all of the above
When selecting a convenience sample, element selection is based on _____.
A. accessibility
B. judgment
C. random selection
D. area
E. all of the above
All of the following questions address the authority of a source except _____.
A. What are the credentials of the author or institution?
B. What is the reputation of the sponsoring organization?
C. Does the source give you a means of contacting anyone for further information?
D. How old is the information?
E. If facts are supplied, where do they come from?
Which approach to cluster analysis involves evaluating the distance between two
clusters by first finding the geometric center of each cluster and then computing
distances between the two centers?
A. Euclidean distance
B. Average linkage method
C. Maximum likelihood method
D. Principal components analysis
E. Varimax approach
Which format for presenting statistics in a written report is best for enhancing
comprehension and providing adequate information?
A. Text presentation
B. Semitabular form
C. Tables
D. Graphics
E. Comparisons
All of the following terms except _____ can be used to describe custom full-service
business research firms?
A. ad hoc research
B. custom-designed research
C. custom researchers
D. syndicated panel
E. all of the above can be used to describe custom full-service business research firms
The target population . . .
A. is identical to the sample population
B. is smaller in size than the sample population
C. must be defined before research begins
D. must be able to be captured in a sample frame
E. none of the above
Which source of evidence to support experimental results is most threatened by the use
of a field experiment?
A. Agreement between the IV and DV
B. Time order of the occurrence of the variables
C. Control of contamination from extraneous variables
D. Use of a control group
E. Manipulation of the IV
When using the _____ projective technique, participants are asked to write the dialog
for a cartoon picture.
A. word association
B. picture association
C. thematic apperception test
D. empty balloons
E. laddering
The extemporaneous presentation is characterized by _____.
A. all material is committed to memory
B. statistical orientation and graph-centered visuals
C. verbatim delivery of a presentation script
D. minimal notes; preparation includes fully prepared scripting; audience-centered
Which of the following questions is considered when developing measurement
questions?
A. How can management eliminate negative symptoms?
B. What does the manager need to know to choose the best alternative from the
available sources of action?
C. What is the recommended course of action?
D. What symptoms cause management concern?
E. What should be asked or observed to obtain the information the manager needs?
In which of the following situations could a research analyst use discriminant analysis?
A. A real estate development company wants to estimate the probable sales of
construction services on the basis of marriage rates, population movement in the region,
and interest rates on construction loans
B. A psychologist wants to understand the underlying personality factors associated
with materialism in consumers
C. An airline wants to classify its customers into groups based on their relative
profitability
D. The brand manager for Tide laundry detergent wants to understand how consumers
perceive Tide relative to other laundry detergents
E. A retail store wants to determine if there are differences in shopping frequency
associated with gender
An intercept interview is most likely to occur at a _____.
A. mall
B. school
C. hospital
D. home
E. all of the above
Which characteristics of data are exhibited by the variable, gender?
A. Classification only
B. Classification and order
C. Classification, order, and distance
D. Classification, order, distance, and origin
E. Classification, order, distance, origin, and exclusivity
All of the following are part of an exploratory phase search strategy except _____.
A. discovery and analysis of secondary sources
B. expert interviews
C. interviews with those involved with the problem
D. brainstorming
E. experiments
