What in Brazil has reduced household water bills by 40%?
a. water taxes
b. water meters
c. national education campaign
d. subsidies
e. smart cards
The ____ worldview holds that the earth has existed for billions of years and does not
need saving.HTMLENTITY#8203HTMLENTITY
a. HTMLENTITY#8203HTMLENTITYearthcentered
b. HTMLENTITY#8203HTMLENTITYbiocentric
c. HTMLENTITY#8203HTMLENTITYstewardship
d. HTMLENTITY#8203HTMLENTITYplanetary management
e. HTMLENTITY#8203HTMLENTITYbiosphere
If a carbon atom combines with oxygen atoms to form CO2, this would be described as
____.HTMLENTITY#8203HTMLENTITY
a. HTMLENTITY#8203HTMLENTITYa physical change
b. HTMLENTITY#8203HTMLENTITYa chemical change
c. HTMLENTITY#8203HTMLENTITYboth a physical and chemical change
d. HTMLENTITY#8203HTMLENTITYfirst a physical change, but then it becomes a
chemical change
e. HTMLENTITY#8203HTMLENTITYneither a physical change or a chemical
change, but a scientific change
Ecological economists consider natural capital to be important but not indispensable
because they believe we can find substitutes for essentially any resource that we might
deplete or degrade.
a. True
b. False
The capandtrade approach to pollution reduction means that permit holder not using
their entire allocation can save credits for future expansion.
a. True
b. False
What is the primary advantage of biomining?HTMLENTITY#8203HTMLENTITY
a. HTMLENTITY#8203HTMLENTITYspeed of processing
b. HTMLENTITY#8203HTMLENTITYvolume of ore
c. HTMLENTITY#8203HTMLENTITYcost of implementing
d. HTMLENTITY#8203HTMLENTITYreduced environmental impact
e. HTMLENTITY#8203HTMLENTITYsimplicity of the process
Most of the chemical elements and compounds found in ____ occur in such low
concentrations that recovering these mineral resources takes more energy and money
than they are worth.HTMLENTITY#8203HTMLENTITY
a. HTMLENTITY#8203HTMLENTITYrare earth element deposits
b. HTMLENTITY#8203HTMLENTITYbiomines
c. HTMLENTITY#8203HTMLENTITYrecycling
d. HTMLENTITY#8203HTMLENTITYlowgrade ores
e. HTMLENTITY#8203HTMLENTITYseawater
The current climate problem is urgent because you face a rapid projected increase in the
average temperature of the lower atmosphere during your lifetime.
a. True
b. False
Inertia can also be referred to as ____.HTMLENTITY#8203HTMLENTITY
a. HTMLENTITY#8203HTMLENTITYresilience
b. HTMLENTITY#8203HTMLENTITYpersistence
c. HTMLENTITY#8203HTMLENTITYa lack of ecological succession
d. HTMLENTITY#8203HTMLENTITYboth persistence and resilience
e. HTMLENTITY#8203HTMLENTITYa faster rate of ecological succession
When managed properly, ecotourism can be a useful form of reconciliation ecology, but
without proper controls, it can lead to degradation of popular sites if visitors overrun
them.
a. True
b. False
Which phase of the study could be described as modeling?
a. when the scientists gathered woodrat droppings for lab analysis
b. when the scientists determined from computer programs how woodrat nest numbers
would impact cactus populations
c. when the scientists first observed the proximity of woodrat nests and cactus plants
d. when the scientists transported woodrat droppings to other areas
e. when the scientists first wondered whether or not woodrats were connected to the
seeding of the cactus plants
HTMLENTITY#8203HTMLENTITYMalaria is caused by____, which is carried by
mosquitoes.
a. HTMLENTITY#8203HTMLENTITYviruses
b. HTMLENTITY#8203HTMLENTITYbacteria
c. HTMLENTITY#8203HTMLENTITYPlasmodium parasites
d. HTMLENTITY#8203HTMLENTITYparasitic worms
e. HTMLENTITY#8203HTMLENTITYpathogens
Factors that act to limit the growth of populations are collectively called
____.HTMLENTITY#8203HTMLENTITY
a. HTMLENTITY#8203HTMLENTITYcarrying capacity
b. HTMLENTITY#8203HTMLENTITYdeath
c. HTMLENTITY#8203HTMLENTITYemigration
d. HTMLENTITY#8203HTMLENTITYenvironmental resistance
e. HTMLENTITY#8203HTMLENTITYenvironmental capacity
A welldesigned geothermal heat pump system could be the most energyefficient,
reliable, environmentally clean, and costeffective way to heat or cool a space.
a. True
b. False
HTMLENTITY#8203HTMLENTITYHummingbirds consume nectar from flowers,
and transfer pollen in the process. This is an example of ____.
a. HTMLENTITY#8203HTMLENTITYmutualism
b. HTMLENTITY#8203HTMLENTITYmimicry
c. HTMLENTITY#8203HTMLENTITYparasitism
d. HTMLENTITY#8203HTMLENTITYcommensalism
e. HTMLENTITY#8203HTMLENTITYchemical warfare
Epidemiological studies can be used to effectively evaluate hazards from new
technologies and new chemicals.
a. True
b. False
What is one environmental benefit of affluence?
a. Increasing wealth allows for an increased capacity for resource consumption.
b. Increased wealth provides resources to apply toward the creation of environmentally
beneficial technologies.
c. Increasing affluence often leads to a desire to travel widely and frequently in order to
see the world.
d. Increasing affluence in developed nations leads to increased affluence in
lessdeveloped countries.
e. Increasing affluence results in less consumption in all countries.
People who are underfed and underweight and those who are overfed and overweight
share similar health problems.
a. True
b. False
HTMLENTITY#8203HTMLENTITYWhat can we do when constructing new
buildings to cut heating costs by up to 20%?
a. HTMLENTITY#8203HTMLENTITYThe building can be oriented to face the sun.
b. HTMLENTITY#8203HTMLENTITYPassive solar heating systems can be installed.
c. HTMLENTITY#8203HTMLENTITYActive soar heating systems can be installed.
d. HTMLENTITY#8203HTMLENTITYSuperinsulation can be added to the walls and
ceilings.
e. HTMLENTITY#8203HTMLENTITYLiving or green roof tops can be added.
Natural, human, and manufactured capital are the three types of capital used in most
economic systems.
a. True
b. False
Removing your shoes before entering your house does not help reduce indoor air
pollution.
a. True
b. False
HTMLENTITY#8203HTMLENTITYReintroduction of the wolf eventually reduced
attacks on domestic cattle by what other species?
a. HTMLENTITY#8203HTMLENTITYgolden eagle
b. HTMLENTITY#8203HTMLENTITYcoyote
c. HTMLENTITY#8203HTMLENTITYfox
d. HTMLENTITY#8203HTMLENTITYgrizzly bear
e. HTMLENTITY#8203HTMLENTITYlocal wild dogs
What is an internal cost of driving a domestic car?
HTMLENTITY#8203HTMLENTITY
a. HTMLENTITY#8203HTMLENTITYair pollution and litter
b. HTMLENTITY#8203HTMLENTITYcost of manufacture
c. HTMLENTITY#8203HTMLENTITYhighway accidents
d. HTMLENTITY#8203HTMLENTITYhealth costs
e. HTMLENTITY#8203HTMLENTITYhazardous wastes produced by car exhaust
HTMLENTITY#8203HTMLENTITYWhy is it important to know the background and
projected extinction rates for global species?
a. At least 25% and as many as 50% of the world’s roughly 2 million identified animal
and plant species could vanish
b. HTMLENTITY#8203HTMLENTITYThe speciation rate of pests could increase to
1,000 times the background rate.
c. HTMLENTITY#8203HTMLENTITYMore species are becoming endangered in
wellpopulated and developed countries.
d. HTMLENTITY#8203HTMLENTITYMore species are becoming threatened in
wellpopulated and developed countries.
e. HTMLENTITY#8203HTMLENTITYBackground extinction rates are rising at an
accelerating rate.
What is one of the three goals of environmental science, as proposed by your text?
HTMLENTITY#8203HTMLENTITY
a. Reduce affluence.HTMLENTITY#8203HTMLENTITY
b. HTMLENTITY#8203HTMLENTITYUnderstand how we interact with the
environment.
c. HTMLENTITY#8203HTMLENTITYAcquire a lifecentered environmental
worldview.
d. HTMLENTITY#8203HTMLENTITYEnhance environmental degradation.
e. HTMLENTITY#8203HTMLENTITYReduce the use of technology.
HTMLENTITY#8203HTMLENTITYThe Endangered Species Act was designed to
____.
a. HTMLENTITY#8203HTMLENTITYcatalogue and protect threatened species from
extinction in the United States
b. HTMLENTITY#8203HTMLENTITYidentify and protect endangered species only in
the United States
c. HTMLENTITY#8203HTMLENTITYidentify and protect endangered species in the
United States and abroad
d. HTMLENTITY#8203HTMLENTITYdevelop recovery plans for listed species more
quickly
e. HTMLENTITY#8203HTMLENTITYemphasize the protection of biological diversity
and ecosystem functioning
Genes are composed of sequences of ____.HTMLENTITY#8203HTMLENTITY
a. HTMLENTITY#8203HTMLENTITYions
b. HTMLENTITY#8203HTMLENTITYchromosomes
c. HTMLENTITY#8203HTMLENTITYcells
d. HTMLENTITY#8203HTMLENTITYnucleotides
e. HTMLENTITY#8203HTMLENTITYproteins
Most interspecific competition involves one species becoming more efficient than
others in obtaining the resources it needs.
a. True
b. False
Deciduous forests are typically located at higher altitudes than coniferous forests.
a. True
b. False
In primary recycling, waste products are converted into new and different products.
a. True
b. False
On the generalized model of the demographic transition, choose the stage in which
most countries experience zero growth rate.
In the United States many experts suggest that the top priority for the national power
transmission system should be updating to ____________________, which would
include automated controls and high levels of energy efficiency.
_____________________ is a source of methane that if melted, would accelerate the
projected atmospheric warming by creating a positive feedback loop.
Give an example of a way you can convert potential energy into kinetic energy.
A(n) ____________________ shows the percentages of the members of a population
surviving at different ages.
Some landfills have systems for collecting ____________________, the potent
greenhouse gas that is produced when the wastes decompose in the absence of oxygen.
Buying a share of a local farmer’s crop is an example of ____________________
agriculture.
Please list at least two methods of limiting the harmful impact of invasive species as
described in your text.
As global temperatures increase, permafrost melts.
____________________ is a set of policies and tools that allow and encourage more
environmentally sustainable urban development with less dependence on cars.
What can be done to assess whether your campus is green?
Coral reefs are known for their very high number of species.
Unlike the phosphorus cycle, a large portion of the planet’s nitrogen can be found in the
____________________.
A way that you can promote the sustainable use of nonrenewable minerals is to reuse or
____________________ metal products whenever possible.
Discuss the concept of industrial ecosystems, where industry copies natural processes.
Explain how this might work.
Briefly explain why caution is advised in proceeding with the new and powerful use of
nanotechnology.
Explain the current problems associated with nuclear fusion.
Analysts vary as to their opinion of which factor is the more serious threat to the earth’s
life support systems: ____________________ or ____________________.