A way that individuals can provide environmental leadership is to purchase and eat food
that has been sustainably produced.
a. True
b. False
What has resulted along floodplains from channelization and loss of vegetation?
a. increased droughts
b. reclamation of wetlands
c. lower rates of pollution
d. increased flooding
e. decreased biodiversity
Industrialized livestock production generates less greenhouse gases than emitted by all
of the world’s cars, trucks, buses, and planes.
a. True
b. False
According to the planetary management environmental worldview, ____.
a. we have an ethical responsibility to be good stewards of the earth
b. our resources are limited and should not be wasted
c. we should manage nature to meet our needs
d. our primary focus should be on preserving the environment
e. our success depends on learning how nature sustains itself
A way to reduce death and damages from earthquakes is to study historical records and
make geological measurements to locate active fault zones.
a. True
b. False
Health problems faced by those who are overfed are completely different from the
health problems faced by those who are underfed.
a. True
b. False
Carbon is cycled through the biosphere through ____.
a. fuel combustion and decomposition
b. photosynthesis and aerobic respiration
c. soil bacteria and precipitation
d. volcanic activity and organic decay
e. the rock cycle
What agricultural practice is least beneficial in trying to reduce cropeating insect
damage?HTMLENTITY#8203HTMLENTITY
a. HTMLENTITY#8203HTMLENTITYrotating crops
b. HTMLENTITY#8203HTMLENTITYgenetic engineering of crops
c. HTMLENTITY#8203HTMLENTITYplanting monocultures
d. HTMLENTITY#8203HTMLENTITYbringing in natural enemies
e. planting polyculturesHTMLENTITY#8203HTMLENTITY
Overfishing is an example of the tragedy of the commons.
a. True
b. False
The “tragedy of the commons” refers to a situation in which the cumulative effect of
large numbers of people trying to exploit a widely available or shared resource can
degrade it and eventually exhaust or ruin it.
a. True
b. False
The capandtrade program for regulating air pollutants by the U.S. government is an
example of a(n) ____.HTMLENTITY#8203HTMLENTITY
a. HTMLENTITY#8203HTMLENTITYfullcost pricing
b. HTMLENTITY#8203HTMLENTITYincentivebased regulation
c. HTMLENTITY#8203HTMLENTITYcommand and control regulation
d. HTMLENTITY#8203HTMLENTITYserviceflow regulation
e. HTMLENTITY#8203HTMLENTITYsubsidy shift
What do we call the combination of crust and the rigid, outermost part of the mantle?
HTMLENTITY#8203HTMLENTITY
a. HTMLENTITY#8203HTMLENTITYoceanic crust
b. HTMLENTITY#8203HTMLENTITYasthenosphere
c. HTMLENTITY#8203HTMLENTITYlithosphere
d. HTMLENTITY#8203HTMLENTITYouter mantle
e. HTMLENTITY#8203HTMLENTITYrigid plates
What is a chemical’s median lethal dose?
a. This is the dose where an animal would be expected to show an acute response.
b. This corresponds to the highest point on a doseresponse curve.
c. This is the level that a chemical becomes slightly toxic.
d. This is the dose that can kill 50% of the animals in a test population within a given
time period.
e. This is the dose that will kill most of the medium sized animals in a test population.
What kind of environmental regulation sets heavy penalties for not reaching goals?
HTMLENTITY#8203HTMLENTITY
a. HTMLENTITY#8203HTMLENTITYcommandandcontrol
b. HTMLENTITY#8203HTMLENTITYincentivebased
c. HTMLENTITY#8203HTMLENTITYinnovationfriendly
d. HTMLENTITY#8203HTMLENTITYfullcost based
e. HTMLENTITY#8203HTMLENTITYneoclassical
HTMLENTITY#8203HTMLENTITYA major reason for preventing extinction is the
belief of many people that ____.
a. HTMLENTITY#8203HTMLENTITYall species have economic value
b. HTMLENTITY#8203HTMLENTITYnature has a spiritual value
c. HTMLENTITY#8203HTMLENTITYwild species have a right to exist
d. HTMLENTITY#8203HTMLENTITYanimals have the same rights as humans
e. HTMLENTITY#8203HTMLENTITYthere is recreational value of species to humans
As biologists searched for previously unknown populations of the Carson Wandering
Skipper, biologists wondered if hot springs were absolutely essential to its survival.
This phase of the investigation is ____.HTMLENTITY#8203HTMLENTITY
a. HTMLENTITY#8203HTMLENTITYfinding out what is known and asking a
question
b. HTMLENTITY#8203HTMLENTITYanalyzing data and asking a question
c. HTMLENTITY#8203HTMLENTITYasking a question and testing predictions
d. HTMLENTITY#8203HTMLENTITYaccepting their hypothesis and analyzing data
e. HTMLENTITY#8203HTMLENTITYaccepting their hypothesis and asking a
question
The United States admits fewer immigrants than most other industrialized nations.
a. True
b. False
Oxygen accounts for about ____ of the air in the atmosphere.
a. 5%
b. 21%
c. 53%
d. 66%
e. 82%
Proponents of pesticides claim that they provide some advantages, primarily by ____.
a. maintaining the health of farm workers
b. reducing pollution
c. killing the natural enemies of pests
d. promoting genetic resistance
e. saving human lives
What activity involves dragging huge nets weighted down with chains and steel plates
over the ocean floor to harvest a few species of bottom fish and shellfish?
HTMLENTITY#8203HTMLENTITY
a. HTMLENTITY#8203HTMLENTITYdeep sea aquaculture
b. HTMLENTITY#8203HTMLENTITYlongline fishing
c. HTMLENTITY#8203HTMLENTITYdriftnet fishing
d. HTMLENTITY#8203HTMLENTITYpurseseine fishing
e. HTMLENTITY#8203HTMLENTITYtrawler fishing
HTMLENTITY#8203HTMLENTITYOne drawback to integrated pest management is
that it ____.
a. HTMLENTITY#8203HTMLENTITYonly applies to certain regions of the world
b. HTMLENTITY#8203HTMLENTITYcannot manage most pests
c. HTMLENTITY#8203HTMLENTITYleads to genetic resistance among pests
d. HTMLENTITY#8203HTMLENTITYis complex and takes more time compared to
pesticides
e. does not have a proven track recordHTMLENTITY#8203HTMLENTITY
Most democratic governments have taken on features that increase their ability to deal
with environmental problems.
a. True
b. False
Conservation concessions involve governments or private conservation organizations
paying nations for agreeing to preserve their natural resources.
a. True
b. False
Less than 10% of the U.S. public considers the environment to be one of the nation’s
most pressing problems.
a. True
b. False
One social science principle of sustainability is that we should leave the planet’s
lifesupport systems in at least as good a condition as that which we now enjoy, if not
better, for future generations.
a. True
b. False
HTMLENTITY#8203HTMLENTITYA warmer world is least likely to result in ____.
a. HTMLENTITY#8203HTMLENTITYdecreased food production
b. HTMLENTITY#8203HTMLENTITYreductions in biodiversity
c. HTMLENTITY#8203HTMLENTITYa rise in sea level
d. HTMLENTITY#8203HTMLENTITYmore moderate weather
e. HTMLENTITY#8203HTMLENTITYspread of tropical diseases
One threat to kelp forests is ____.
a. polluted water running off the land and into coastal waters
b. human consumption
c. increasing forest fires
d. growing populations of sharks
e. soil erosion
Centralcity dwellers ____.
a. use more energy to heat and cool buildings than people elsewhere
b. tend to drive less and rely more on public transportation
c. have less access to family planning than people living in rural areas
d. suffer higher infant mortality than rural populations
e. tend to lack access to education
HTMLENTITY#8203HTMLENTITYWhat is the worldwide leading cause of death for
people ages 1549?
a. HTMLENTITY#8203HTMLENTITYE. coli
b. Malaria
c. HTMLENTITY#8203HTMLENTITYHepatitis
d. HTMLENTITY#8203HTMLENTITYAIDS
e. HTMLENTITY#8203HTMLENTITYInfluenza
What is the type of agriculture most likely to be found in developed countries?
a. plantation agriculture
b. traditional agriculture
c. industrialized agriculture
d. minimumtillage agriculture
e. maximumtillage agriculture
Precipitation that infiltrates through soil into underground layers of rock, sand, and
gravel is stored as ____________________.
Two or more atoms held together by chemical bonds
An important form of recycling is ____________________, which mimics nature by
using bacteria to decompose yard trimmings, vegetable food scraps, and other
biodegradable organic wastes into materials than can increase soil fertility.
Explain the concept of a national park; in particular, discuss how a national park can be
a habitat island.
Clearly explain how largescale mass extinctions can actually lead to evolutionary
opportunities.
____________________ is the contamination of the environment by a chemical or
other agent such as noise or heat to a level that is harmful to the health, survival, or
activities of humans or other organisms..
The relationship between a lion and a zebra is said to be that of a(n)
____________________.
While they only cover about 6% of the earth’s land area, ____________________
contain at least half of the world’s known species of terrestrial plants, animals, and
insects.
____________________ is the general pattern of atmospheric conditions in a given
area over periods ranging from at least three decades to thousands of
years.HTMLENTITY#8203HTMLENTITY
ANSWER: HTMLENTITY#8203HTMLENTITY
Refer to the accompanying table. A biologist wishes to see threatened bird species on
her vacation, assuming that these species may not be around much longer. She decides
to travel to the two countries with the highest density of threatened species per square
kilometer. Which countries will she be visiting?
Explain this statement: The world’s population growth has slowed, but the world’s
population is still growing. Include a comment about where the slowing has occurred.
Macromolecules formed from a number of monomers are called
____________________.
Discuss at least one of the factors that explains why most people do a poor job at
evaluating risk.
HTMLENTITY#8203HTMLENTITY
Clearly describe in what ways predation is actually beneficial to the prey population.
The tops of trees in tropical rain forests form a dense ____________________ that
blocks most light from reaching the forest floor.
ANSWER: HTMLENTITY#8203HTMLENTITY
____________________ is underground soil in which captured water stays frozen for
more than two consecutive years.
List at least five things you are willing to do to help eliminate water waste. As part of
your answer explain why these things are important.
A city that allows people to choose walking, biking, or mass transit for most
transportation needs; to recycle or reuse most of their wastes; to grow much of their
food; and to protect biodiversity by preserving surrounding land is called a(n)
____________________.