Competition within a species is called ____.HTMLENTITY#8203HTMLENTITY
a. HTMLENTITY#8203HTMLENTITYspecific competition
b. HTMLENTITY#8203HTMLENTITYinterspecific competition
c. HTMLENTITY#8203HTMLENTITYintraspecific competition
d. HTMLENTITY#8203HTMLENTITYcommensalism
e. HTMLENTITY#8203HTMLENTITYpartitioning
Some plants may act as pollution sponges that can help to clean up soil and water
contaminated with hazardous chemicals.
a. True
b. False
Tropical regions normally receive more precipitation than other areas of the earth
because the intense input of solar radiation leads to greatly increased evaporation of
moisture.
a. True
b. False
Why do cities in warm and dry climates tend to have more air pollution?
a. There are more automobiles in these areas.
b. These locations are usually surrounded by mountains that trap the air pollution.
c. There are more plants and trees that promote the formation of VOCs.
d. There are more chemical reactions that can happen in dry climates.
e. There are no natural pollution reduction factors such as precipitation and salty sea
spray.
In 2012, China’s per capita carbon dioxide emissions rate were greater than that of the
U.S.
a. True
b. False
Traditional medicines are derived mostly from plant species that are native to forests.
a. True
b. False
Prey species are those that feed directly on all or part of another organism.
a. True
b. False
HTMLENTITY#8203HTMLENTITYWhat is the preventive strategy that would
contribute most to longer lifespans?
a. HTMLENTITY#8203HTMLENTITYDo not smoke.
b. Get regular exercise.HTMLENTITY#8203HTMLENTITY
c. HTMLENTITY#8203HTMLENTITYPractice safe driving techniques.
d. HTMLENTITY#8203HTMLENTITYAvoid alcohol consumption.
e. HTMLENTITY#8203HTMLENTITYAvoid risky practices such as flying.
What term best describes the living and nonliving things with which we interact in a
complex web of relationships?HTMLENTITY#8203HTMLENTITY
a. HTMLENTITY#8203HTMLENTITYnatural capital
b. HTMLENTITY#8203HTMLENTITYbiodiversity
c. HTMLENTITY#8203HTMLENTITYthe environment
d. HTMLENTITY#8203HTMLENTITYthe chemical cycle
e. HTMLENTITY#8203HTMLENTITYthe preservationist school
Oil is a(n) ____.HTMLENTITY#8203HTMLENTITY
a. HTMLENTITY#8203HTMLENTITYnonrenewable resource because it cannot be
formed on human time scales
b. HTMLENTITY#8203HTMLENTITYrenewable resource because it can be renewed
through geologic processes
c. HTMLENTITY#8203HTMLENTITYinexhaustible resource because it is a form of
stored solar energy
d. HTMLENTITY#8203HTMLENTITYecosystem service because oil is a valuable
commodity
e. HTMLENTITY#8203HTMLENTITYrenewable resource because it can be used to
make fertilizers that restore soil fertility
Lakes that have a small supply of plant nutrients are called oligotrophic lakes.
a. True
b. False
What is the primary reason many U.S. citizens, local governments, and environmental
scientists oppose waste incineration?
a. It is more expensive than landfills.
b. It must burn a lot of trash to maintain profitability.
c. It is difficult to regulating incinerators.
d. It emits air pollutants.
e. It undermines waste reduction strategies like reduce and reuse.
What does the increase in incidents of polar bears visiting human settlements indicate?
a. Polar bear populations are not declining.
b. Limited prey is driving the bears to seek food in human settlements.
c. Polar bear populations are increasing.
d. Human food is more appealing to polar bears than wild seals.
e. Polar bear populations are increasing and human food is more appealing.
A program called a debtfornature swap makes it financially attractive for countries to
protect their tropical forests.
a. True
b. False
A glacier retreats, exposing bare rock and allowing communities of organisms to move
in. This is an example of ____.HTMLENTITY#8203HTMLENTITY
a. HTMLENTITY#8203HTMLENTITYsecondary ecological succession
b. HTMLENTITY#8203HTMLENTITYprimary ecological succession
c. HTMLENTITY#8203HTMLENTITYpersistence
d. HTMLENTITY#8203HTMLENTITYJcurve populations
e. HTMLENTITY#8203HTMLENTITYenvironmental resistance
HTMLENTITY#8203HTMLENTITYThe leading renewable energy resource that is
used to produce electricity in the world today is ____.
a. HTMLENTITY#8203HTMLENTITYtidal power
b. HTMLENTITY#8203HTMLENTITYhydropower
c. HTMLENTITY#8203HTMLENTITYwind power
d. HTMLENTITY#8203HTMLENTITYbiomass
e. HTMLENTITY#8203HTMLENTITYgeothermal
HTMLENTITY#8203HTMLENTITYThe primary way in which the amount of carbon
dioxide in the atmosphere can be increased is by ____.
a. HTMLENTITY#8203HTMLENTITYburning fossil fuels
b. HTMLENTITY#8203HTMLENTITYfertilizing croplands
c. HTMLENTITY#8203HTMLENTITYplanting more forests and grasslands
d. HTMLENTITY#8203HTMLENTITYincreasing solar radiation
e. HTMLENTITY#8203HTMLENTITYincreasing use of chlorofluorocarbons
Power towers are used to collect and focus energy onto photovoltaic cells arranged in a
circle around the tower.
a. True
b. False
Which of the following contains all of the others?HTMLENTITY#8203HTMLENTITY
a. HTMLENTITY#8203HTMLENTITYchromosomes
b. HTMLENTITY#8203HTMLENTITYgenes
c. HTMLENTITY#8203HTMLENTITYcells
d. HTMLENTITY#8203HTMLENTITYDNA molecules
e. HTMLENTITY#8203HTMLENTITYcell nuclei
A(n) ____ contains a large enough concentration of a particular mineral to make it
profitable for mining and processing.HTMLENTITY#8203HTMLENTITY
a. HTMLENTITY#8203HTMLENTITYorganic mineral
b. HTMLENTITY#8203HTMLENTITYore
c. HTMLENTITY#8203HTMLENTITYopenpit
d. HTMLENTITY#8203HTMLENTITYarea strip mine
e. HTMLENTITY#8203HTMLENTITYocean mineral deposit
HTMLENTITY#8203HTMLENTITYWhat is the byproduct of combing hydrogen and
oxygen to produce energy?
a. HTMLENTITY#8203HTMLENTITYcarbon dioxide
b. HTMLENTITY#8203HTMLENTITYsmoke
c. HTMLENTITY#8203HTMLENTITYwater
d. HTMLENTITY#8203HTMLENTITYhydrogen sulfide
e. HTMLENTITY#8203HTMLENTITYheat
Human reliability is generally ____ technology reliability.
a. much greater than
b. slightly greater than
c. slightly lower than
d. much lower than
e. the same as
The biological diversity of the earth is only a function of the number of species on the
earth.
a. True
b. False
A low speciation rate contributes to negative effects on biodiversity.
a. True
b. False
Which of the following is an advantage of motor vehicles?
a. Motor vehicles reduce traffic congestion in cities.
b. Motor vehicles reduce carbon dioxide emissions.
c. Motor vehicles produce very little pollution.
d. Motor vehicle accidents are common.
e. Motor vehicles are responsible for much of the world’s economy in terms of
production and related services.
High risk locations for earthquakes and tsunamis are not well known, and so events like
a tsunami cannot be anticipated and preparations cannot be made in advance.
a. True
b. False
In Indonesia, Malaysia, and other areas of Southeast Asia, tropical forests are being
replaced by large ____ plantations.HTMLENTITY#8203HTMLENTITY
a. HTMLENTITY#8203HTMLENTITYkenaf
b. HTMLENTITY#8203HTMLENTITYsoybean
c. HTMLENTITY#8203HTMLENTITYcoconut
d. HTMLENTITY#8203HTMLENTITYoil palm
e. HTMLENTITY#8203HTMLENTITYrice
Scientists estimate that the fossils found so far represent probably only 1% of all
species that have ever lived.
a. True
b. False
We are using freshwater unsustainably through waste and pollution, and do not charge
enough for its use.
a. True
b. False
When estimating and calculating the reliability of a given system, experts quantify the
reliability of the technology involved and divide that number by the reliability of the
human using the technology.
a. True
b. False
HTMLENTITY#8203HTMLENTITY
Explain why some experts consider indoor air pollution to be one of the most serious air
pollution problems. In your answer, utilize some facts about indoor air pollution.
Species that are found in only one area are called ____________________ and are
especially vulnerable to extinction.
Increasing ____________________ for reuse, recycling, and finding substitutes is a
way that governments can promote the sustainable use of nonrenewable minerals.
According to the USDA, approximately 15% of the world’s food is grown in
____________________ areas and this percentage could easily be doubled.
____________________ groups seek to weaken or repeal laws, subsidies, tax breaks,
and regulations that are unfavorable to their positions.
Discuss the role of the Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC) in
controlling the world’s oil supplies.
Why is chemical cycling necessary for life on the earth?
As with market pricing, the GDP of a country often does not include the
____________________ of goods and services.
sandstone
Biologists conservatively estimate that the current extinction rate is at least
____________________ times the normal background extinction rate.
In the 1600s, English settlers introduced the ____________________, which is a
deliberately introduced invasive species that is used to pollinate most crops.
The ammonium ion
Polar bears might be found only in ____________________ by the end of this century.
HTMLENTITY#8203HTMLENTITYA simple carbohydrate that plants and animals
use to obtain energy is ____________________.
ANSWER: HTMLENTITY#8203HTMLENTITY
Explain what the worstcase scenario is when you throw away an old smart phone or
computer.
According to the 2012 data in the accompanying figure, which three countries are the
largest emitters of energyrelated carbon dioxide?
____________________ resources exist in a fixed quantity, or stock, in the earth’s
crust.