Radioactive isotopes have
a. excess electrons.
b. excess protons.
c. excess neutrons.
d. insufficient neutrons.
e. insufficient protons.
Electron transfer phosphorylation
Select the one most appropriate choice for each.
a. produces NADH and CO2; pyruvate oxidized
b. produces ATP, NADH, and CO2
c. splits glucose into two pyruvate molecules
d. regenerates NAD+ as pyruvate is converted to ethanol or lactate
e. uses a membrane-bound system that sets up production of ATP
Most of the water vapor in the earth’s atmosphere comes from evaporation from
a. lakes.
b. rivers.
c. land.
d. oceans.
e. plants.
Nuclear pore complexes allow RNA transcripts to pass to the cytoplasm only when the
transcripts
a. are bound to specific proteins.
b. are small enough.
c. are attached to fat soluble molecules.
d. contain specific introns.
e. are attached to ribosome subunits manufactured in the nucleus.
Lancelets
Choose the one most appropriate letter for each.
a. cartilaginous skeleton; jaws
b. reptile with four-chambered heart
c. placental mammal
d. legless amphibian
e. invertebrate chordate; no metamorphosis
f. endotherm with feathers
g. limbless reptile
h. most primitive fishes with jaws; extinct
i. modern-day parasitic jawless vertebrate
j. marsupial
k. adult is called ‘sea squirt”
l. egg-laying mammal
m. swim bladder for buoyancy
n. may be sexually mature in larval form
Rhodopsin
a. is a pigment.
b. is found in rods.
c. absorbs photons of blue-to-green light.
d. is concentrated at the edges of the retina.
e. includes all of these descriptions.
Respond to the following statements in reference to the five kinds of species
interactions listed below.
a. competition
b. parasitoidism
c. mutualism
d. commensalism
e. parasitism
The interaction between a human and the intestinal bacterium E. coli is usually this.
The number of individuals in a specified portion of habitat is the population’s
a. distribution.
b. carrying capacity.
c. density.
d. size.
e. birth rate.
The following phrases refer to the eukaryotic cell cycle. Select the single BEST choice
for each phrase.
a. G2
b. mitosis
c. S
d. G1
e. cytokinesis
Period when DNA is duplicated
Most monocots have numerous ____ roots arising from the stem.
a. adventitious
b. primary
c. epidermal
d. secondary
e. tap
A species that has population levels so low it faces extinction in all or part of its range
is designated as
a. riparian.
b. endemic.
c. endangered.
d. fragmented.
e. an indicator.
Which of the following is thought to be the descendant of engulfed ancient bacteria?
a. nuclei
b. Golgi bodies
c. ER
d. mitochondria
e. lysosomes
Which of the following statements describes the value of fungi in the environment?
a. Fungi “fix” nitrogen from the air for use by plants.
b. Fungi trap sunlight energy in the form of carbohydrates.
c. Fungi release elements from organic matter.
d. Fungi enrich the soil by decreasing the rate of decay of organic matter.
e. Fungi remove toxic metals from the soil.
The two photosystems of light reactions are designated
a. type 1 and type 2.
b. type I and type II.
c. photosystem A and photosystem B.
d. photosystem 680 and photosystem 700.
e. photosystem I and photosystem II.
The gonads are another name for
a. the parathyroid and thyroid.
b. the ovary and testis.
c. the adrenal cortex and medulla.
d. the anterior and posterior pituitary.
e. none of these.
To which of the following groups does the organism in the above figure belong?
a. diplomonads, parabasalids, trypanosomes, and euglenoids
b. ciliates, dinoflagellates, and apicomplexans
c. water molds, diatoms, and brown algae
d. chlorophyte and charophyte algae
e. none of the above
Sharks differ from most other fish in that they lack
a. gill slits.
b. scales.
c. bone.
d. paired appendages.
e. teeth.
A motor neuron and all the muscle fibers under its control is a ____ unit.
a. neuromuscular
b. movement
c. muscle
d. motor
e. coordination
Respond to the following statements with reference to the flower parts listed below.
a. anther
b. stigma
c. ovule
d. ovary
e. stamen
Fertilization of a flowering plant occurs directly inside of this structure.
Metaphase
Choose the one most appropriate response for each.
a. cytoplasm apportioned between the two daughter cells
b. final phase of mitosis; daughter nuclei re-form
c. two sister chromatids are joined here
d. chromosomes condense and mitotic spindle begins to form
e. chromosomes line up at spindle equator
f. sister chromatids separate, move to opposite spindle poles
g. about 25 nm in diameter; form mitotic spindle
h. half of a chromosome in prophase
i. in pairs in some eukaryotic cells; move to poles during spindle formation
implantation
Choose the one most appropriate answer for each.
a. the production and secretion of milk
b. sloughing off of endometrium stops permanently
c. induced dislodging and removal of an embryo or fetus from the uterus
d. an abortion that occurs spontaneously
e. the burrowing of the blastocyst into the uterine lining
f. the release of an egg from the ovary
g. the release of seminal fluid from the male reproductive tract
h. a 100-percent-effective method of preventing conception
i. a highly unreliable form of birth control
j. the periodic elimination of the uterine lining
k. characterized by involuntary muscle contractions, release of tension, and warmth
l. sexual intercourse
m. sperm and egg cannot meet because a section of oviduct is missing
n. cutting and tying of vasa deferentia
Respond to the following statements in reference to the four kinds of social behavior
listed below.
a. altruism
b. cooperation
c. selfish herd behavior
d. subordination
When the offspring of one brood of Florida scrub-jays help their parents in taking care
of their siblings in the next brood, this is an example of __________.
Declining amphibian populations are correlated with
a. habitat loss.
b. introduction of new species.
c. long-term changes in climate.
d. fungal infections and parasitic diseases.
e. all of these.
The helix structure on the right of the above figure represents
a. DNA.
b. RNA.
c. lipid.
d. protein.
e. phospholipid.
Ganglion
Choose the most appropriate answer.
a. integrates body position, motions, balance
b. in cnidarians; based on reflex pathways devoted to swimming and feeding
c. messages from here arouse the brain and maintain wakefulness
d. the cortical region that coordinates muscles required for speech
e. all parts of nerve cells outside the brain and spinal cord
f. acetylcholine is an example
g. reflex control center for breathing, heart rate, and blood pressure
h. axons of the central nervous system that are sheathed with fatty myelin
i. at top of the brainstem bordering the cerebral hemispheres; influences learning and
emotional behavior
j. motor neurons that are divided into sympathetic and parasympathetic divisions
k. membrane coverings over brain spinal cord
l. contains the tectum; receives and integrates sensory information that is largely sent on
to the forebrain for further neural processing
m. connects right and left cerebral hemispheres
n. group of nerve cell bodies that form an integrative center
o. contains centers concerned with body temperature regulation and with salt and water
balance
habitat
Choose the most appropriate answer for each.
a. blending in and being hidden by the background
b. where an organism is generally located in a community
c. one organism benefits at another organism’s expense
d. traditionally a self-sustaining array of interacting organisms that is best suited for a
particular environment
e. lichens on newly hardened, newly cooled lava
f. robins and human populations
g. the yucca moth and the yucca
h. one species is eliminated from an area of niche overlap
i. tasty species resembles repugnant one
j. the process that leads from a pioneer community to a mature community
k. natural reforestation of burned-over forest
The following are chemical functional groups that may be part of a biologically active
molecule. Answer the questions by matching the items with the most appropriate group.
a. -COOH
b. -CH3
c. -NH2
d. -OH
e.
f. -PO4
3-
g. -CHO
The carbonyl group of fructose
Antidiuretic hormone and oxytocin are products of
a. exocrine glands.
b. secretory neurons.
c. blood capillaries.
d. the anterior pituitary.
e. kidney and uterine wall cells, respectively.
Science is based on
a. faith.
b. authority.
c. evidence.
d. force.
e. facts.
Choose the one most appropriate answer for each.
a. gives rise to periderm
b. nucleate phloem cells that help load and unload the phloem
c. dead cells with perforation plates; more efficient at water conduction than other
xylem cells
d. living nonnucleated cells that conduct food from photosynthetic source area to
storage sink area
e. a cylinder of parenchyma cells outside the vascular tissue but inside the endodermis
f. clusters of strands containing xylem, phloem, and vascular cambium
g. dead cells without perforation plates; the principal xylem cells of nonflowering
vascular plants
h. cells with thick secondary walls impregnated with lignin that are especially abundant
in some fruits and seeds
i. the principal photosynthetic region of a leaf
j. regions that can undergo mitosis
k. gas exchange and storage plus photosynthesis
Companion cells
Echinoderms
Choose the most appropriate answer for each.
a. two pairs of legs per segment
b. tiny, flattened, crawling forms
c. planarians, flukes, tapeworms
d. nematodes
e. snails, squids, clams
f. wheel animals
g. flagellated collar cells present
h. jellyfish and corals
i. crustaceans, ticks, and insects
j. polychaetes, earthworms, leeches
k. sea urchins, sea stars
Which of the following is not true of the term senescence?
a. It may refer to cells.
b. It refers to the shedding of plant parts.
c. It means aging.
d. It may refer to communities.
e. It may refer to individuals.
Sucrose is composed of
a. two molecules of fructose.
b. two molecules of glucose.
c. a molecule of fructose and a molecule of glucose.
d. a molecule of fructose and a molecule of galactose.
e. a monosaccharide and a disaccharide.
Which of the following can result in speciation within a few generations?
a. development of a physical barrier
b. polyploidy arising in a plant species
c. postzygotic isolating mechanisms
d. change in environmental conditions
e. the introduction of a new predator into an area