1) closed reduction is the surgical realignment of the parts of a broken bone.
2) consumption of excess calories during adulthood causes adipocytes to multiply.
3) teratogens usually do not cause congenital anomalies.
4) unlike men, women lack a refractory period and may experience successive orgasms.
5) injury to the deep fibular nerve would cause inability to extend ones toes.
6) the slow block refers to the mechanism that prevents fertilization of another egg
when one is already pregnant.
7) minerals are organic elements extracted from the soil by plants.
8) a cell’s second messengers serve to transport material through the plasma membrane.
9) naive t cells can synthesize antibodies.
10) all functions of the body can be interpreted as the effects of cellular activity.
11) aerobic respiration is more efficient than anaerobic fermentation, but the latter is
oxygen-independent.
12) the spiral organ is housed within which of the following structures?
a. scala vestibuli
b. scala tympani
c. cochlear duct
d. anterior semicircular duct
e. vestibule
13) in the appendicular region, the wrist is called the _________ region, and the ankle
is called the ___________ region.
a. manual; pedal
b. brachial; crural
c. crural; antebrachial
d. carpal; tarsal
e. metacarpal; metatarsal
14) the trachea is __________ to the esophagus.
a. superior
b. dorsal
c. anterior
d. posterior
e. inferior
15) which of the skin layers below is the most superficial?
a. basal lamina
b. epidermis
c. papillary layer
d. reticular layer
e. hypodermis
16) the interscapular region is __________ tothe scapular region.
a. anterior
b. posterior
c. medial
d. lateral
e. superior
17) normally, the systemic arterial blood has a po2 of ___________ mm hg, a pco2 of
___________ mm hg, and a ph of ___________.
a.40; 95; 7.4
b.95; 40; 7.4
c.7.4; 40; 95
d.95; 7.4; 40
e.40; 7.4; 95
18) the pacemaker potential is a result of _________.
a. na+ inflow
b. na+ outflow
c. k+ inflow
d. k+ outflow
e. ca2+ inflow
19) pericardial fluid is found between the __________ and the __________.
a. visceral pericardium; myocardium
b. visceral pericardium; epicardium
c. parietal; visceral membranes
d. myocardium; endocardium
e. epicardium; myocardium
20) which one of the following is made up of primarily adrenergic fibers?
a. preganglionic neurons of the sympathetic division
b. postganglionic neurons of the sympathetic division
c. postganglionic neurons of the parasympathetic division
d. all motor fibers of the somatic motor system
e. preganglionic neurons of parasympathetic division
21) drugs that are monoamine oxidase (mao) inhibitors would most likely __________.
a. activate the parasympathetic division and allow for normal digestive system activities
b. block ach receptors on skeletal muscle and cause flaccid paralysis
c. stimulate -2 receptors and cause an increase in heart rate and dilation of bronchioles
d. decrease the amount of ne destroyed and may be used as an antidepressant
e. inhibit uptake of dopamine and cause depression
22) wolff’s law of bone explains the effect of __________.
a. different diets on bone elongation
b. mechanical stress on bone remodeling
c. temperature on bone growth
d. age on bone thickening
e. sex on bone widening
23) which of the followinglists examples of body structures from the simplest to the
most complex?
a. mitochondrion, connective tissue, protein, stomach, adipocyte (fat cell)
b. protein, mitochondrion, adipocyte (fat cell), connective tissue, stomach
c. mitochondrion, connective tissue, stomach, protein, adipocyte (fat cell)
d. protein, adipocyte (fat cell), stomach, connective tissue, mitochondrion
e. protein, stomach, connective tissue, adipocyte (fat cell), mitochondrion
24) in the thick segment of the ascending limb of the nephron loop, k+ reenters the cell
from the interstitial fluid via the _________. k+ is then secreted into the tubular fluid.
a.na+-k+ pump
b.countercurrent multiplier
c.countercurrent exchange
d.vasa recta
e.juxtaglomerular apparatus
25) atp is consumed when __________ transfer solutes from one side of the
membraneto the other.
a. receptors
b. pumps
c. cell-adhesion molecules
d. channels
e. cell-identity markers
26) a(n) _____________ is a group of similar cells and their intercellular materials in a
discrete region of an organ performing a specific function.
a. macromolecule
b. organ system
c. organelle
d. organism
e. tissue
27) a(n) __________ is the region of the molecule that is recognized by antibodies.
a. epitope
b. antigen
c. hapten
d. major histocompatibility complex (mhc)
e. antibody monomer