Uracil will pair with
a. ribose.
b. adenine.
c. cytosine.
d. thymine.
e. guanine.
When a cell undergoes mitosis,
a. the daughter cells have identical genes.
b. the daughter cell has genes identical to those of the mother cell that produced it.
c. the amount of cytoplasm in the mother cell and in each of the daughter cells is equal.
d. there is an exact duplication and division of all of the organelles between daughter
cells.
e. the daughter cells have identical genes, and the daughter cell has genes identical to
those of the mother cell that produced it.
The first tetrapods evolved
a. on land.
b. after the amphibians.
c. in water.
d. after the first amniotes.
e. from the ray-finned fishes.
The explanation for the differences between a human liver cell and a cell from the skin
is the
a. maternal and paternal origins of the genes.
b. gene content of the two cells.
c. expression of the genes in the two cells.
d. fact that they originated from different primary tissue layers.
e. different functions of the cells.
The major lymph vessel that collects excess fluid from most of the body is the
a. thoracic duct.
b. hepatic portal vessel.
c. subclavian vessel.
d. right lymphatic duct.
e. lymphocyte duct.
Mutation of the C group gene in Arabidopsis thaliana produces flowers that
a. are sterile.
b. have no carpels.
c. have no stamens.
d. have a profusion of petals.
e. are all of these.
Crossing over occurs during
a. anaphase I.
b. metaphase II.
c. prophase I.
d. prophase II.
e. telophase II.
The following phrases refer to the eukaryotic cell cycle. Select the single BEST choice
for each phrase.
a. G2
b. mitosis
c. S
d. G1
e. cytokinesis
Period when interphase begins in a daughter cell
Which of the following is the correct sequence in terms of increasing size?
a. ecosystem >>> community >>>biome >>> biosphere
b. ecosystem >>> biome >>> biosphere >>>community
c. biome >>> ecosystem >>> community>>> biosphere
d. community>>>ecosystem >>> biome >>> biosphere
e. community>>>biome >>> ecosystem >>> biosphere
How many ova (eggs) would eventually result from 20 primary oocytes?
a. 10
b. 20
c. 40
d. 60
e. 80
Atrazine
a. is an herbicide that has been in use for more than 40 years.
b. application in the United States totals about 36 thousand metric tons annually.
c. is used mostly to kill weeds in cornfields.
d. contamination of soils and water is common in the American Midwest.
e. fits all of these descriptions.
Replacement-level fertility requires a total fertility rate of
a. 2.0
b. 2.1
c. 2.4
d. 2.6
e. 2.8
Respond to the following statements with reference to the five components of
respiratory systems listed below.
a. pharynx
b. larynx
c. trachea
d. bronchiole
e. alveolus
Air moves from the nasal cavity into this passageway.
Blood
Choose the one most appropriate response for each.
a. ligaments and tendons are made of this
b. contains collagen and elastin; acts as a packing material that supports internal organs
c. receives, conducts, and initiates signals in response to environmental changes
d. stores fat
e. offers resistance to mechanical injury and loss of internal fluids; also a barrier against
microorganisms
f. secretes extracellular products such as sweat, mucus, tears, and saliva
g. fluid ground substance plus free cells; involved in transport, pH, and temperature
stability
h. extracellular fluid that bathes cells and tissues
Ricin is toxic because
a. it binds to eukaryotic DNA.
b. it binds to eukaryotic mRNA.
c. it blocks food from entering the cell.
d. it inactivates ribosomes.
e. it binds to nerve tissue and causes paralysis.
An animal’s capacity to conserve water and to concentrate solutes for excretion in the
urine is greater in a kidney with longer
a. Bowman’s capsules
b. loops of Henle
c. proximal tubules
d. ureters
e. afferent arterioles
As the trees in England become less sooty due to pollution controls on factories, which
of the moths in the figure above would have been selected against?
a. A
b. B
c. C
d. D
e. all of these
Acts to protect Canadian geese were put into effect in the
a. 1700s.
b. 1800s.
c. early 1900s.
d. late 1900s.
e. 2000s.
Respond to the following statements with reference to the five terms listed below,
which are used by ecologists.
a. carrying capacity
b. net reproduction per individual per unit time
c. age structure
d. survivorship
e. growth rate
The number of individuals in each of several age categories is this.
Which of the following human extraembryonic membranes is the first site of blood cell
formation and the source of germ cells?
a. amnion
b. yolk sac
c. chorion
d. allantois
e. none of these
Select the best choice for the following statements in reference to the four groups of
protists listed below.
a. stramenopiles
b. amoebozoans
c. alveolates
d. parabasalids and diplomonads
Paramecium belongs to this group.
Respond to the following statements in reference to the five items listed below.
a. antigens
b. antibodies
c. helper T cells
d. cytotoxic T cells
e. effector B cells
These directly attack the foreign cells of an incompatible skin graft.
differentiation
Choose the one best answer for each numbered item.
a. visible marker of the site where an amphibian’s body axis will be established and
where gastrulation will begin
b. the formation of two or three embryonic tissue layers
c. the fusion of male and female nuclei
d. the entire body divides transversely; each half grows and regenerates the missing part
e. selective gene expression results in different cell types
f. subdividing of the zygote by mitosis; no growth occurs
g. region of zygote that has less yolk and is pigmented
h. an embryonic stage of development that has three primary tissue layers before
organogenesis begins
i. the formation of organs
j. one body part develops in response to signals from an adjacent part
k. the growth, shaping, and spatial coordination of tissues and organs so that a
predefined pattern of the whole organism results
l. occurs in the formation of the human hand
Ovary
Choose the one most appropriate answer for each.
a. male spores of anthers
b. site where pollen tube usually penetrates the ovule
c. develops into a fruit at maturity
d. a 2n cell that will help form nutrients for the developing plant embryo
e. cluster of matured ovaries attached to a common receptacle
f. modified leaf with pigments and fragrance-producing cells
g. immature male gametophyte
h. female reproductive organ
i. landing platform for pollen
j. pollen-bearing structure
k. female spores of ovule
l. outermost whorl of leaf parts on a receptacle; generally green, but sometimes
pigmented
m. female gametophyte
n. matured ovaries of several flowers fused together into a single mass (for example,
pineapple, fig)
o. forms a seed at maturity
pancreatic islets
Choose the one most appropriate answer for each.
a. secretes one hormone that increases the metabolic rate and another that inhibits
calcium release from bone storage sites
b. secrete insulin and glucagon
c. secretes hormones that prepare accessory reproductive structures for reproduction
d. involved in lymphocyte maturation
e. secretes tropic hormones, growth hormone, and prolactin
f. secretes mineralocorticoids and glucocorticoids
g. in many vertebrates, helps to determine the amount and distribution of dark pigments
in the skin
h. secrete enzymes that help to form angiotensin
i. participates in reproductive physiology and responds to photoperiod change
j. releases oxytocin and antidiuretic hormone into bloodstream
k. secretes a hormone that promotes calcium release from bone storage sites
l. produces oxytocin and antidiuretic hormone
m. secretes cholecystokinin, secretin, and gastrin
n. secretes epinephrine and norepinephrine
o. secrete pheromones, milk, tears, sweat, and mucus
Respond to the following statements in reference to the five kinds of species
interactions listed below.
a. competition
b. predation
c. mutualism
d. commensalism
e. parasitism
In this interaction, one individual or species is usually killed while the other benefits by
eating it.
The best microscope to use to view internal features of specimens is the
a. basic light microscope.
b. phase contrast light microscope.
c. Nomarski process light microscope.
d. scanning electron microscope.
e. transmission electron microscope.
The results of the butterfly experiment
a. supported the hypothesis.
b. provided valuable quantitative data.
c. confirmed the prediction.
d. provided evidence of natural selection in action.
e. are consistent with all of these.
Which of the following prokaryotic nutritional groups use CO2 and inorganic
substances to produce energy?
a. photoautotrophs
b. chemoautotrophs
c. photoheterotrophs
d. chemoheterotrophs
e. none of these
Which biome is characterized by plants whose leaves turn color and drop off in the
autumn?
a. coniferous forest
b. tundra
c. temperate deciduous forest
d. tropical rain forest
e. all of these
Which of the following phrases would most likely be used in a discussion of
homeostasis?
a. respond to environmental stimuli
b. limited range of variation
c. rapid energy turnover
d. cycle of elements
e. structural and functional units of life
The letter “C” in the above figure represents which teeth?
a. incisors
b. molars
c. canines
d. premolars
e. none of these
The resting potential across a typical neuron membrane is approximately ____ inside
relative to outside.
a. 70 microvolts
b. 70 millivolts
c. 70 volts
d. +70 millivolts
e. +70 megavolts
A sorus is
a. a fern spore.
b. the fern gametophyte.
c. an egg-producing structure.
d. where the sperm are produced.
e. a collection of sporangia.