1) polygenic traits such as height or weight are often influenced by the environment of
the organism.
2) migratory birds store energy as glycogen which is lighter than fat.
3) the hemocoel is an open space in an insect that contains blood outside of the vessels.
4) steroid hormones act more slowly and maintain their effects longer than peptide
hormones.
5) each molecule of nadh produced in the mitochondria provides the energy for two atp
molecules.
6) huge meteor craters have been discovered through satellite imagery that support the
theory of mass extinctions being caused by bolides that initiated climatic changes.
7) all genes are active at the same time in a prokaryotic cell and controlled by positive
regulation, but not in a eukaryotic cell.
8) animal cloning is a difficult process with a low success rate.
9) the poly-a tail is a modified guanine nucleotide that tells a ribosome where to attach
when translation begins.
10) the bottleneck effect is thought to be responsible for the loss of variability and loss
of fertility in the cheetah species.
11) single plant cells can be stimulated to become a callus and then further stimulated to
become a new entire plant.
12) living things show biological organization and other common characteristics of life
13) marsupials are more numerous in australia than south america because of less
competition with placental mammals.
14)
the cylinders in this experiment represent a 24-hour period. the light area represents
light periods during a 24-hr. period and the dark area represents dark periods during a
24-hr. period. the critical length of dark vs. light periods for flowering is depicted by the
dotted line. note that some plants are flowering and some are not flowering.
thigmomorphogenesis is a touch response where the whole plant responds to an
environmental stimulus.
15) in a case of incomplete dominance, the phenotypic ratio of the f2 generation is the
same as the genotypic ratio.
16) a peptide bond is found in which type of biological molecule?
a. carbohydrate
b. lipid
c. nucleic acid
d. protein
17) for translation to take place, which of the following would not be required to be
present?
a. dna.
b. mrna.
c. trna-amino acid complex.
d. rrna.
e. ribosome.
18) monocots protect their first true leaves by __________, whereas eudicots protect
their first leaves by __________.
a. bending the coleorhiza as the shoot grows through the soil; a surrounding sheath
called the coleoptile.
b. providing a protective layer called sepals; surrounding them with endosperm.
c. bending their shoot as it grows through the soil; surrounding them with a protective
sheath called the coleorhiza.
d. surrounding them with a sheath called a coleoptile; bending the shoot as it grows
through the soil.
19) which phyla are classified in the deuterostomia?
a. mollusca & chordata
b. arthropoda & vertebrata
c. chordata & vertebrata
d. echinodermata & chordata
e. annelida & mollusca
20) the actual conditions under which an organism exists in nature constitute its
a. habitat.
b. realized niche.
c. fundamental niche.
d. resource partition.
21) degradative reactions
a. cause death.
b. can drive anabolism.
c. tend to be endergonic.
d. include the buildup of products such as complex proteins and nucleic acids.
e. all of the choices are true.
22) biodiversity is a resource of immense value. all of the following are ways in which
biodiversity is directly valuable to humans except
a. agricultural.
b. medicinal.
c. consumptive use.
d. contributions to biogeochemical cycles.
23) which of the following is true about genetic drift?
a. it is more likely to occur in a large population than in a small population.
b. it may lead to an allele’s becoming fixed in a population when its alternative allele is
lost from the population.
c. it increases the number of heterozygotes in a population.
d. it increases the frequency of rare alleles in a population.
24) from kansas to central indiana to pennsylvania, many people believe that they have
water moccasins (also called “cottonmouths”) in their ponds. some assert they have
seen them, although they are certainly not so foolish as to try to capture one alive.
meanwhile, the fish and game offices and the range maps in the herpetology books
indicate that this poisonous snake does not breed this far north. what is the most
scientific attitude to assume on this issue?
a. observations by both the public and the fish and game officers are subjective so this
is not easily resolved objectively.
b. a simple field trip to the pond locations-that resulted in the capture and confirmation
of the identity of the snakes-would settle the matter.
c. scientific books with range maps are based on field research and, therefore,
determine the truth in this case.
d. because living organisms are active, scientific theories in biology always change.
25) membrane-bounded vesicles that contain enzymes for oxidizing small organic
molecules with the formation of hydrogen peroxide are
a. vacuoles.
b. vesicles.
c. glyoxisomes.
d. lysosomes.
e. peroxisomes.
26) which structure is not associated with the development of the central nervous
system in vertebrates?
a. notochord
b. neural plate
c. neural tube
d. ectoderm
27) prevention of polyspermy depends upon changes in the plasma membrane of the
egg and in the zona pellucida.
28) identify d’ as the _____
a. inner membrane
b. matrix
c. cristae
d. intermembrane space
e. outer membrane
incorrect
29) the effects of hyposecretion and hypersecretion of adrenal cortex hormones result in
a. exactly the same symptoms due to failure to have correct hormone levels.
b. exactly opposite symptoms: too much versus too little melanin, thin versus heavy,
etc.
c. masculination of women and feminization of men.
d. various mild symptoms that are not life threatening.
e. opposite effects on kidney functions and therefore blood pressure, but varying effects
on other target tissues.
30) when the factors causing habitat decline are identified and a procedure is developed
to remedy this, it is
a. the edge effect.
b. a habitat restoration plan.
c. a population viability analysis.
d. a gap analysis.
e. landscape dynamics.
31) which statement is not true about the noncyclic electron pathway?
a. electrons are boosted to higher energy level in photosystem i.
b. sunlight excites electrons in photosystem ii.
c. it produces atp.
d. it produces nadph.
e. it produces carbohydrates through carbon dioxide fixation.
32) which of the following features would be found in the epidermis layer of the skin?
a. stratified squamous epithelium, cells produce keratin, contain melanocytes, offers a
layer of protection against bacteria
b. stratified cuboidal epithelium, cells produce keratin, contain melanocytes, offers a
layer of protection against bacteria
c. stratified squamous epithelium, cells produce keratin, contains a large amount o f
adipose tissue, offers a layer of protection against bacteria
d. composed of collagen fibers, cells produce keratin, contain melanocytes, offers a
layer of protection against bacteria
e. stratified squamous epithelium, contains specialized nerve endings, offers a layer of
protection against injury
33) which of the following polypeptide chain would be sequenced from the mrna code
agggagccc
a. arginine – glutamate – proline
b. serine – leucine – proline
c. arginine – glutamate – alanine
d. serine – asparatate – proline
34) if a chromosome is highly methylated,
a. the gene is expressed, producing more gene product than normal.
b. the gene is not expressed, even if it is a normal gene in every other way.
c. the gene is expressed, but reduced quantities protein are made.
d. there is no affect on gene expression.