1) the use of a molecular clock may be used to indicate relatedness and evolutionary
time
a. if nucleic acid changes are neutral and not tied to adaptation.
b. if nucleic acid changes occur at a fairly constant rate.
c. but still needs to be calibrated with the fossil record.
d. all of the choices are correct.
2)
from the above table, it is apparent that:
a. triple bonds are stronger than double bonds; double bonds are stronger than single
bonds.
b. triple bonds are weaker than double bonds; double bonds are weaker than single
bonds.
c. carbon bonds are stronger than other bonds; hydrogen bonds are always weakest.
d. carbon forms only single bonds.
3) reinforcement would eventually
a. reduce the formation of hybrids.
b. favor and therefore increase the formation of hybrids.
c. have no effect on hybrid formation.
d. increase the fitness of hybrids.
4) the egg is propelled down the oviduct by
a. cilia on the layer of nurse cells surrounding the egg.
b. oviduct cilia and tubular muscle contractions.
c. simply drifting on the prevailing current of body fluids.
d. suction from the uterine contractions.
5) the finger-like projections along the surface of the small intestines are called
a. mucosa.
b. lacteals.
c. capillaries.
d. microvilli.
e. appendices.
incorrect
6) what is a common function of t3 and t4?
a. stimulate cells to metabolize faster.
b. muscle contraction.
c. cause the blood calcium to increase.
d. blood phosphate levels decrease.
e. cause an increase in the deposition of calcium in the bones.
7) which of the following associations is incorrect?
a. omnivore – eats both producers and consumers
b. herbivore – eats producers and performs photosynthesis
c. detritivore – feeds on decomposing organic matter
d. autotroph – performs photosynthesis or chemosynthesis
e. carnivore – feeds on other consumers
8) in aquatic vertebrates, which kidney function is critical to helping the organism
maintaining homeostasis?
a. the kidneys function to maintain the balance between water and several types of salts.
b. the kidneys produce a concentrated form of urine that will help decrease the amount
of water lost by the organism.
c. the kidneys have an incredible high rate of tubular reabsorption that allows them to
be extremely efficient.
d. the kidneys are relatively small and only require a limited blood supply to maintain
their function.
e. the kidneys will produce white blood cells that will assist the organism in defense of
the body.
9) which part of the brain contains centers for the heartbeat and respiration?
a. medulla oblongata
b. hypothalamus
c. cerebellum
d. cerebrum
e. pons
10) the amphibians’ unique contribution to the evolution of land vertebrates was
a. respiration by gills.
b. respiration through the skin.
c. separation of lung/gill and systemic (body) circulation.
d. development of the tail for propulsion.
e. the leathery waterproof egg shell.
11) which of the following time periods contains the others?
a. cretaceous
b. triassic
c. jurassic
d. mesozoic
12) mistakenly, it is sometimes said that “man comes from monkeys.” a more correct
way to explain the apparent sequence of human evolution is
a. monkeys have evolved less than humans.
b. humans and monkeys share a common ancestor.
c. humans and monkeys are biologically identical.
d. evolution leads toward more perfect forms and humans therefore came after modern
monkeys.
13) which event and date is mismatched?
a. origin of multicellular organisms650 million years ago
b. origin of life4.8 billion years ago
c. origin of eukaryotic cells2.2 billion years ago
d. all the choices are incorrect.
14) the std ______ causes an inflammation of the liver and is preventable by
___________.
a. hepatitis a, vaccination
b. hepatitis b, using a male condom
c. hiv, vaccination
d. gonorrhea, vaccination
e. syphilis, male condom
15) human gene therapy
a. includes the insertion of genetic material into human cells for the treatment of a
genetic disease.
b. has been used for treatment of children who have severe combined
immunodeficiency.
c. has been used in a trial to treat familial hypercholesterolemia.
d. all of the choices are correct.
16) a small marine amphipod has recently been discovered that carries a bad-tasting
organism on its back, which is contrary to its normal behavior. if a fish ingests the pair,
it immediately spits them back out. if the amphipod is alone, however, it is readily
eaten. there is no apparent benefit or harm in this relationship for the “backpack”
organism. this is probably a case of
a. mutualism.
b. parasitism.
c. commensalism.
d. competitive exclusion.