1) what is the main reason for the changes that are occurring in the earth’s climate?
a. large scale deforestation
b. disruption of the waste recycling by decomposers
c. over harvesting of wild species for consumptive value
d. drainage of wetlands producing a disruption of water purification
e. an increase in soil erosion leading to siltation of rivers and estuaries
2) the fossil called lucy is a member of the species __________ that lived over 3
million years ago.
a. australopithecus afarensis
b. australopithecus africanus
c. proconsul
d. homo habilis
e. homo erectus
3) which feature would have given the jawed fish an evolutionary advantage over the
jawless fish when it came time to hunt for food?
a. the evolution of jaws from the gill slits that would enable them to bite more
efficiently.
b. the evolution of an ectothermic lifestyle so they could regulate their body
temperature based upon the environment.
c. gills that would increase the efficiency of their breathing.
d. a cartilaginousendoskeleton that would provide for more power while swimming.
e. a skin that is nonscaly that also allows for an increased respiration ability.
4) the segments of a tapeworm that contain female and male sex organs are called
a. proglottids.
b. cercariae.
c. sporocysts.
d. scolexes.
e. glycocalyxes.
5) what is the main factor that will determine whether or not water can enter the root
cells?
a. a lower osmotic pressure in the root tissues than the soil solution
b. type of plant cells that are exposed to the water
c. volume of water available
d. a higher osmotic pressure in the root tissues than the soil solution
6) bee pollinated flowers
a. are red.
b. are predominately blue or yellow.
c. have little odor.
d. all of the choices apply.
incorrect
7) the posterior pituitary gland secretes all of the following except
a. oxytocin.
b. adh.
c. prolactin.
d. none of the choices are correct.
8) what is the blending theory of inheritance?
a. mendel’s theory of how the traits of parents are passed to offspring through the
gametes
b. darwin’s theory of how traits are passed from all parts of the parent’s body into the
gamete to be transmitted to the offspring
c. the modern theory of how genetic information is passed from parents to offspring
d. an old theory that said that offspring show traits intermediate between those of the
parents
9) saprolegnia, a ________, is feeding on the dead insect pictured here. this classifies it
as a heterotrophic protist.
a. slime mold
b. ciliate
c. water mold
d. green algae
10) androgen insensitivity is characterized by
a. a lack of male hormones, such as testosterone.
b. external female genitalia.
c. a female karyotype.
d. the internal sex organs of a female and may bear children.
11) which is a correct relationship between soil particles and soil characteristics?
a. clay particles hold tight to no3- and the nitrogen content of clay soils is therefore
high.
b. clay is unable to retain ca2+ and k+ which are easily leached away.
c. clay holds water and clumps.
d. sand prevents water erosion and leaching.
incorrect
12) a product of photosynthesis, __________, is the chief source of energy for most
organisms.
a. oxygen
b. sucrose
c. glucose
d. all of the above
13) which is the best definition of osmosis?
a. the movement of molecules from an area of their higher concentration to an area of
their lower concentration.
b. the movement of water across a semi permeable membrane from an area of higher
water concentration to an area of lower water concentration.
c. the movement of molecules from an area of their lower concentration to an area of
their higher concentration.
d. the movement of water across a semi permeable membrane from an area of lower
water concentration to an area of higher water concentration.
e. the movement of a substance against its concentration gradient through the release of
energy from atp.
14) the level of sodium in the blood is regulated by the secretion of the
mineralocorticoid
a. oxytocin.
b. insulin.
c. cortisol.
d. aldosterone.
e. acth.
15) in what field of study would scientists predict a protein’s three-dimensional shape
and how dna mutations would affect protein function.
a. bioinformatics
b. proteomics
c. genomics
d. all of the above.
16) which of the following lists of mass extinctions and eras is correct?
a. the precambrian experienced 0, paleozoic experienced 3, mesozoic experienced 2 and
the cretaceous experienced 0 mass extinctions.
b. the precambrian experienced 2, paleozoic experienced 2, mesozoic experienced 3 and
the cretaceous experienced 0 mass extinctions.
c. the precambrian experienced 0, paleozoic experienced 2, mesozoic experienced 3 and
the cretaceous experienced 0 mass extinctions.
d. the precambrian experienced 1, paleozoic experienced 3, mesozoic experienced 2 and
the cretaceous experienced 1 mass extinctions.
17) the critical checkpoints that control the cell cycle are the:
a. m to g1 stage and g2 to m stage.
b. s to g2 stage and g2 to m stage.
c. g1 to s stage and g2 to m stage.
d. m to g1 stage and s to g2 stage.
18) which term can be applied to all of the vertebrates except for the jawless fish?
a. gnathostomes
b. endothermic
c. tetrapods
d. amniotes
19) which of the following is a mismatch?
a. thermophiles – live in extremely cold temperatures
b. methanogens – prefer anaerobic environments
c. halophiles – live in high salt environments
d. thermoacidophiles – live in high temperatures and acidic environments