1) the correct order in which a light ray reaches the retina is:
a. cornea-vitreous humor-pupil-lens-aqueous humor-retina.
b. lens-vitreous humor-cornea-aqueous humor-retina.
c. lens-cornea-aqueous humor-vitreous humor-retina.
d. cornea-aqueous humor-pupil-lens-vitreous humor-retina.
e. lens-aqueous humor-cornea-vitreous humor-retina.
2) why do polar bodies form?
a. they nurse the egg as it leaves the follicle.
b. this is extra chromosomal material representing the x chromosome in each female
cell.
c. they orient the sperm toward the egg.
d. they allow a reduction in chromosomes while preserving most of the cytoplasm for
one egg.
e. they orient the egg for penetration by the sperm.
3) altruism is
a. displaced aggressive behavior.
b. a means of ranking animals in a dominance hierarchy.
c. actions of an animal that immediately benefit others rather than itself.
d. belligerent behavior that helps an animal compete in its society.
4) what possible dietarycomplications could a person develop if they had their pancreas
removed?
a. they would not produce the pancreatic enzyme trypsin. this would prevent them from
breaking down proteins into amino acids which could lead to complications in repairing
muscle tissue.
b. they would not produce the enzyme pancreatic amylase. this would prevent them
from breaking down proteins into amino acids which could lead to complications in
repairing muscle tissue.
c. they would not produce the pancreatic enzyme trypsin. this would prevent them from
breaking down carbohydrates into glucose which could lead to a decrease in the
availability of energy in their body.
d. there would be an overproduction of the enzyme trypsin. this would cause an
increased rate of protein digestion that could result in the muscle cells being destroyed
by the individuals own body.
5) the medication known as mifepristone or ru-486
a. kills sperm as they enter the female reproductive tract.
b. blocks the progesterone receptors of cells in the uterine lining and causes the loss of
an implanted embryo.
c. prevents an egg from maturing and being releasedessentially a stronger regular birth
control pill.
d. destroys the embryo which in turn causes a spontaneous miscarriage.
e. prevents development of a uterine lining.
6) during dna replication, the enzyme ___________, catalyzes the elongation of new
dna by adding, to the 3′ end of the previous nucleotide, new nucleotides that are
complementary to a dna template.
a. helicase
b. dna polymerase
c. dna ligase
d. atp synthase
incorrect
7) bryophytes
a. can be found from the antartic to the tropics.
b. produce peat that can be used as fuel.
c. erode rocks to produce soil.
d. all of the above choices are true regarding bryophytes.
8) if a virus is latent, it
a. cannot be a retrovirus.
b. has not entered a lytic cycle.
c. has not entered a lysogenic cycle.
d. is gaining a new envelope via “budding.”
e. is easy to develop immunity against it.
9) which of the following is not a characteristic of the sponges?
a. if the cells of a sponge are mechanically separated, they will spontaneously
reassemble into a complete and functioning sponge.
b. sponges have two tissue layers.
c. sponges have an osculum, an opening in the upper body.
d. sponges are filter feeders.
e. sponges can reproduce sexually or asexually.
10) what is the ultimate destination for the energized electrons during the light reactions
of photosynthesis?
a. they are taken up by nadp+ to produce nadph
b. they are taken up by nadph to produce nadp+
c. they are taken up by nadh to produce nad+
d. they are taken up by nad+ to produce nadh
11) which of the following statements about the value of the nitrogen cycle to an
ecosystem is not true?
a. denitrification removes nitrogen from the atmosphere and converts it to a form that
plants can use.
b. nitrogen fixation can occur in aquatic systems or in soil bacteria.
c. nitrification occurs as ammonium is converted to nitrate.
d. nitrification occurs as nitrogen gas is converted to nitrate.
e. both ammonium and nitrate ions are highly water-soluble
12) during capillary exchange, what will occur if the blood pressure at the arterial end
were to decrease and become lower than the osmotic pressure?
a. water would not leave the blood stream which could disrupt the movement of oxygen
and carbon dioxide through the membrane.
b. water will leave the blood stream allowing oxygen and carbon dioxide to diffuse out
of the blood stream.
c. oxygen and carbon dioxide will increase their rate of diffusion into the interstitial
fluid.
d nothing will occur because the blood pressure does not impact the movement of
gases.