1) each portion of the spinal cord, from which a spinal nerve emerges, is called a
‘segment” of the cord.
2) both glycogenesis and gluconeogenesis are examples of catabolic reactions.
3) the medulla oblongata is the most rostral part of the brain.
4) feeling for swollen lymph nodes is an example of auscultation.
5) epinephrine is said to have a glucose-sparing effect.
6) vitamin a is necessary for the synthesis of rhodopsin.
7) t cells undergo positive selection in the thymus, which means they __________.
a. react against self antigens
b. develop surface antigen receptors
c. remain alive but unresponsive
d. die and macrophages phagocytize them
e. multiply and form clones of identical t cells
8) complement fixation cannotlead to __________.
a. enhanced inflammation
b. opsonization
c. endogenous pyrexia
d. bacterial phagocytosis
e. cytolysis
9) the __________ bursa is not an accessorystructure ofthe glenohumeral joint.
a. subdeltoid
b. subcoracoid
c. subpatellar
d. subacromial
e. subscapular
10) the study of the structure and function of cells is called ___________.
a. cytology
b. gross anatomy
c. exploratory physiology
d. comparative physiology
e. radiology
11) water flows through a selectively permeable membrane in a process called
__________, but water molecules cross the membrane more easily through channels of
transmembrane proteins called __________.
a. osmosis; water pumps
b. osmosis; aquaporins
c. osmosis; uniport
d. filtration; aquaporins
e. filtration; water pumps
12) which of the following is not considered an inclusion?
a. lysosome
b. fat droplet
c. glycogen granule
d. bacterium
e. dust particle
13) what are the three auditory ossicles?
a. the malleus, incus, and stapes
b. the superior, middle, and inferior nasal conchae
c. the hyoid, mandible, and maxilla
d. the temporal, sphenoid, and ethmoid bones
14) where is most protein in the body found?
a. in the skeletal system
b. in the muscular system
c. in the the cardiovascular system
d. in the integumentary system
e. in the lymphatic system
15) the long absolute refractory period of cardiocytes _________.
a. ensures a short twitch
b. prevents tetanus
c. makes the heart prone to arrhythmias
d. prevents the occurrence of ectopic focuses
e. causes the pacemaker potential
16) how does a neuron transport enzymes produced in the soma to its axon terminals?
a. along microtubules
b. by diffusion
c. via cytoplasmic streaming
d. through co-transport
17) which one of the following would not increase the rate of a reaction?
a. an increase in reactant concentrations
b. a rise in temperature
c. the presence of a catalyst
d. the presence of an enzyme
e. a decrease in reactant concentrations
18) the structure found between the posterior rootlets and the posterior root ganglion is
called the __________.
a. anterior horn
b. anterior root of a spinal nerve
c. posterior root of a spinal nerve
d. posterior horn
e. spinal nerve
19) in the nephron, the fluid that immediately precedes urine is known as __________.
a. plasma
b. glomerular filtrate
c. tubular fluid
d. renal filtrate
e. medullary filtrate
20) copying genetic information from dna into rna is called __________; using the
information contained in mrna to make a polypeptide is called __________.
a. transcription; translation
b. translation; transcription
c. dna replication; translation
d. dna duplication; transcription
e. dna translation; rna transcription
21) which of the following cells is largely responsible for skin color?
a.dendritic cell
b.keratinocyte
c.melanocyte
d.merkel cell
e.dead keratinocyte
22) which of the following is a part of the internal female genitalia?
a. vagina
b. clitoris
c. labia majora
d. labia minora
e. mammary gland
23) where do most local potentials form in a neuron?
a. the dendrites
b. the somas
c. the axon hillock
d. the trigger zone
e. the schwann cells
24) where are cells with aldosterone receptors found?
a. adrenal cortex
b. adrenal medulla
c. posterior pituitary
d. proximal convoluted tubule
e. distal convoluted tubule
25) which of the following are effectors?
a. receptors
b. stimuli
c. reflexes
d. glands
e. sense organs
26) pancreatic enzymes are secreted in response to a hormone called __________.
a. insulin
b. cholecystokinin (cck)
c. secretin
d. glucagon
e. gastrin