Chapter 9—Flowers, Fruits, and Seeds Key
1. Gametes are
2. Fertilization is
3. Pollination is
4. The flower parts are at the end of a flower stalk, the
5. A flower cluster is known as an
6. A perfect flower has
7. The parts of the flower are attached to the enlarged ____ at the tip of the flowering stalk.
8. The function of the sepals, if present, is to
9. What is the outermost floral organ?
10. The stamens are
11. The function of the anther is to
12. A(n) ____ may consist of a single carpel or of several fused carpels.
13. Which of the following is NOT a part of the pistil?
14. In which structure would you find an ovule?
15. In which structure would you find a pollen grain?
16. How do the sperm get to the egg in angiosperms?
17. Cross-pollination is when
18. Self-incompatibility occurs when
19. What kind(s) of reward(s) do flowers provide their pollinators?
20. Insect pollinated flowers
21. Plants that produce many small, inconspicuous flowers with large feathery stigmas are likely to be
pollinated by
22. What is the function of the endosperm?
23. The embryonic root is also referred to as
24. The seed leaves of an embryonic plant are called
25. Why are cotyledons important for the young seedling?
26. Which of the following statements is TRUE about simple and aggregate fruits?
27. A dry fruit that splits open along one suture is a
28. A fruit in which the fruit wall is tightly fused to the seed and cannot be separated from it is a
29. A fruit which is entirely soft and fleshy is a
30. A fruit developing from a single flower with many separate ovaries, such as a blackberry
31. Seeds and fruits are dispersed by
32. Seeds vary in the factors that influence their germination. What one factor do all seeds require for
germination?
33. Which of the following structures grows by indeterminate growth?
34. Offspring produced by sexual reproduction are genetically variable.
35. All perfect flowers are complete flowers.
36. The filament and anthers are part of the stamen.
37. Ovules are found in the carpels.
38. Each pollen grain contains a single cell, the sperm cell.
39. Petals play an important role in attracting animal pollinators.
40. Self-pollination prevents inbreeding.
41. Insect-pollinated flowers often have ultraviolet markings that serve as landing guides to the center of the
flower.
42. Wind-pollinated flowers may lack petals.
43. The ovule develops after fertilization occurs.
44. A mature seed contains a fertilized egg.
45. Fruit development occurs following successful fertilization.
46. Some seeds store nutrients in endosperm while others store nutrients in the cotyledons.
47. Sunlight is required for germination of all seeds.
48. A fruit is a mature ovule.
49. A drupe is a dry fruit that splits along two seams.
50. A simple fruit is one that develops from a single flower with a single pistil.
51. Fruits that are dry at maturity are described as being indehiscent.
52. In plants the entire fruit is dispersed, while in others only the seeds are dispersed.
53. ____________________ reproduction results in offspring without fusion of gametes.
54. The fusion of an egg and a sperm is ____________________.
55. A cluster of flowers on the same stalk is a(n) ____________________.
56. A flower that contain all four of the floral organs is ____________________.
57. The ____________________ has three sections: stigma, style, and ovary.
58. The part of a flower on which the pollen grain lands is the ____________________.
59. The ____________________ contains two polar nuclei and an egg.
60. In a flower, the ____________________ will mature into the fruit and contain the seeds.
61. Sperm are transported through the style to the egg in a(n) ____________________.
62. Special floral glands that produce a sugary solution as a reward for the animal pollinator are
____________________
63. A night-blooming flower with dull white petals and the strong scent of rotting fruit is likely to be pollinated
by ____________________.
64. Flowers that are pollinated by ____________________ do not have large flowers, showy petals, or nectar.
65. The term for a close, interdependent relationship between two organisms, such that they have affected the
evolution of certain physical and behavioral features in each other, is ____________________.
66. The outer layer of a seed, which protects the embryonic plant and its endosperm, is its
____________________.
67. A(n) ____________________ is a mature, ripened ovary.
68. In a seed, the ____________________ is the embryonic root.
69. A(n) ____________________ fruit is one that splits open at maturity.
70. The type of fruit that develops from an inflorescence, such as a pineapple, is a(n) ____________________
fruit.
71. A fruit that splits along several sutures or releases the seeds through pores is a(n) ____________________.
72. A seed’s absorption of water that precedes germination is ____________________.