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1) generally the respiratory system in birds
a. is identical to the human breathing system.
b. is merely accelerated by the flight muscles.
c. resembles the positive pressure system of a frog.
d. is a one-way circulation of air so constant oxygen absorption can meet the high
oxygen demand.
2) which of the following elements is not one of the six most common elementsin living
organisms?
a. carbon
b. oxygen
c. iron
d. nitrogen
e. hydrogen
incorrect
3) development of the neural system is characterized by
a. cell division and growth in size.
b. cells becoming specialized in structure and function.
c. body parts being shaped and patterned into a specific form.
d. all of the choices are correct.
e. none of the choices are correct.
4) the primary functions of the spinal cord are
a. to integrate intelligence with primal instinct and to coordinate memory.
b. to coordinate speech, taste, smell, vision, and hearing.
c. to serve as a center for reflex actions and to facilitate communication between the
brain and spinal nerves.
d. controlling muscle activity and maintaining balance.
e. local control and decision-making for local anatomy.
5) transcription of a part of a dna molecule with a nucleotide sequence of
a-a-a-c-a-a-c-t-t results in a mrna molecule with the complementary sequence of
a. g-g-g-a-g-a-a-c-c.
b. t-t-t-g-u-u-g-a-a
c. u-u-u-g-u-u-g-a-a.
d. t-t-t-g-a-a-g-c-c.
e. c-c-c-a-c-c-t-c-c.
f. none of the choices are correct.
6) the function of fruit is to
a. attract pollinators.
b. protect and help disperse seeds.
c. supply nutrients to the embryo.
d. protect flower buds.
7) what is the probable biological and evolutionary function for a species of desert
lizards to return to female-only reproduction?
a. this species is probably going extinct.
b. this is not at all unusual since most reptiles are asexual.
c. the desert is uniform, and variation is of little or no advantage and a waste in energy.
d. such a switch in mating behavior is easily understood as a crossing-over in
chromosomes.
8) the term "ligase" adds the suffix "-ase" to the latin root word for
a. gene.
b. work.
c. cut.
d. bind.
e. copy-producing.
9) it is believed that eukaryotes evolved their mitochondria from a symbiotic
relationship with a free-living aerobic bacteria.
10) which functional group will attach to a hydrocarbon chain to form alcohol?
a. hydroxyl
b. carbonyl
c. carboxyl
d. amino
e. phosphate
11) amphibians evolved from
a. darters.
b. sharks.
c. bass and bluegill.
d. sturgeon and catfish.
e. lobe-finned fishes with lungs.
12) what are the advantages of bipedalism?
a. allows the hands to be free for tool use.
b. enables an adult to carry an offspring easier.
c. would have allowed males to forage for food more efficiently.
d. would allow the individual to spot danger further away.
e. all of these are advantages of bipedalism.
13) all of the following are true regarding systematics except that it
a. is the study of the diversity of organisms at all levels of organization.
b. is the specific study of identification, naming, and classification of organisms.
c. relies on data from the fossil record, homology, and molecular data.
d. utilizes protein, dna, and rna comparisons to determine relatedness of individuals.
14) when an electron has been excited to a higher energy state, it can then drop back to
the original level, re-emitting the light as fluorescence. when chlorophyll is extracted in
solution, and a bright red or blue light is shown on it, the chlorophyll fluoresces
brightly. however, when the chlorophyll is packaged inside chloroplasts and the red or
blue light is turned on, there is no fluorescence. this most likely indicates that
a. the red and blue light waves are reflected by the chlorophyll membrane.
b. chlorophyll in solution is a different molecule than chlorophyll in a chloroplast.
c. excited electrons are transferred to electron acceptors in the chloroplast.
d. fluorescence does not work in living cells.
e. green light must be used to make living cells fluoresce.
15) which occurrence is when an individual inherits a dominant gene but does not fully
express the dominant phenotype?
a. incomplete penetrance
b. incomplete dominance
c. polygenic inheritance
d. pleiotropy
