1) food is prevented from entering the trachea by the
a. pharynx.
b. larynx.
c. epiglottis.
d. glottis.
e. sphincter muscle.
incorrect
2) major cardiovascular disorders include all of the following except
a. atherosclerosis.
b. stroke.
c. hypertension.
d. diabetes.
3) which of the following descriptions applies to megaphylls?
a. can be found in both the pteridophytes and seed plants.
b. are broad leaves with strands of vascular tissues.
c. these allowed early plants to photosynthesize more efficiently.
d. none of these statements apply to megaphylls.
e. all of the above apply to megaphylls.
4) acetyl-coa is produced from
a. pyruvate and a coenzyme.
b. citric acid and a coenzyme.
c. atp and pyruvate.
d. co2 and pyruvate.
e. citric acid and co2.
5) some scientists predict that the earth will lose almost all of its topsoil by the middle
of the next century. what factors are involved in the erosion of soil?
a. deforestation
b. desertization
c. poor farming practices
d. all of the above factors cause erosion.
6) angiogenesis:
a. is the growth of blood vessels into the tumor
b. is directed by additional mutations in tumor cells
c. brings nutrients and oxygen to a tumor
d. all of the above
e. none of the above
7) the degree of erosion in the united states is best described by the following statement.
a. there is a set amount of soil that was originally formed and erosion continually
removes some of it; therefore we will one day run out of topsoil due to erosion.
b. soil forms at generally the same rate as soil erodes, so there is an overall balance just
as worldwide precipitation equals evaporation; it is just not evenly spread across the
landscape.
c. soil is eroding faster than it is being formed on about one-third of all cropland.
d. removal of trees helps build up topsoil and prevents erosion.
8) arrange in the proper sequence those events that take place in the lac operon as
lactose is introduced to a bacterial culture.
1> step 4 a. rna polymerase binds to a promoter on the dna to begin rna synthesis.
2> step 2 b. the structural genes are transcribed.
3> step 3 c. a regulator gene normally codes for a repressor that binds to the operator
and prevents transcription.
4> step 1 d. lactose binds to the repressor and prevents it from binding to the operator.
9) perissodus are small, scale-eating fish that live in lake tanganyika in africa. they
attack larger fish from behind. the right-mouthed perissodus attack on the left side of
the larger fish and the left-mouthed perissodus attack on the right side of the larger fish.
the existence of the right-mouthed variety ensures the equally successful existence of
the left-mouthed variety. this is an example of:
a. a heterozygous advantage
b. frequency dependent selection
c. genetic drift
d. sexual selection
10) researchers discover that guard cells of the lady slipper orchid lack chloroplasts; yet
the guard cells regularly open and close.
a. supports both hypothesis i and ii.
b. supports only hypothesis i.
c. supports only hypothesis ii.
d. supports neither hypothesis.
11) which statement about chemoreceptors is not true?
a. chemoreceptors are universally found in animals.
b. chemoreceptors are found all over the body surface in humans.
c. chemoreceptors are concentrated on the auricles of the head in planaria.
d. chemoreceptors are found on antennae and mouthparts in insects and other
arthropods.
e. chemoreceptors are thought to be the most primitive sensory receptor to have
developed in animals.
12) which of the following conditions is necessary to maintain the hardy-weinberg
equilibrium?
a. random mating
b. mutations
c. sexual selection
d. gene flow
e. genetic drift
13) which of the following events will occur as an ocean current moves from an
equatorial region towards a polar region?
a. the current will be warm as it leaves the equatorial region and begins to cool as it
moves towards the polar region. this in turn will cause the air currents to become cooler
as they move closer to the poles creating a tundra type of biome.
b. the current will be cool as it leaves the equatorial region and begins to warm as it
moves towards the polar region. this in turn will cause the air currents to become cooler
as they move closer to the poles creating a tundra type of biome.
c. the current will be warm as it leaves the equatorial region and begins to cool as it
moves towards the polar region. this in turn will cause the air currents to become
warmer as they move closer to the poles creating a grassland type of biome.
d. the current will be warm as it leaves the equatorial region and begins to cool as it
moves towards the polar region. this in turn will cause the air currents to become
warmer as they move closer to the poles creating a desert type of biome.
e. the current will be warm as it leaves the equatorial region and become even warmer
as it moves towards the polar region. this in turn will cause the air currents to become
warmer and drier as they move closer to the poles creating a tundra type of biome.
14) which of the following pairings of organisms and their method of obtaining
nutrients is incorrect?
a. autotrophs – chemosynthesis
b. herbivores – algae
c. detritivores – inorganic matter
d. carnivores – other animals
15) biological evolution differs from chemical evolution in that it would have been
possible only after the development of
a. true cells.
b. nucleic acids.
c. enzymes.
d. a metabolic pathway.
16) stomate rhythm in wheat under continuous light at 25c.
a. supports both hypothesis i and ii.
b. supports only hypothesis i.
c. supports only hypothesis ii.
d. supports neither hypothesis.
17) which of the following is not involved in natural selection?
a. there is always competition for resources.
b. organisms differ in reproductive success.
c. there are inheritable variations in populations.
d. the desired traits are chosen by a breeder.
18) which type of life history produces a larval stage that feeds on a different food
source than the adult stage.
a. oviparous
b. ovoviviparous
c. vivaparous
d. both ovoviviparous and vivaparous.
e. both vivaparous and oviparous.
19) which of the following statements about diabetes mellitus is not true?
a. type i diabetes is much more common than type ii.
b. obesity can cause diabetes because adipose tissue produces a substance that impairs
insulin receptor function.
c. type i diabetes occurs as a result of destruction of the insulin-producing cells.
d. one method of treating type ii diabetes is exercise and a low-fat, low-sugar diet.
e. symptoms of diabetes include excessive thirst, frequent urination, and glucose in the
urine.
20) during which stage of meiosis does thehomologue separation occur?
a. prophase i
b. anaphase i
c. telophase i
d. prophase ii
e. anaphase ii