Biology 42108

subject Type Homework Help
subject Pages 15
subject Words 1871
subject Authors Cecie Starr, Christine Evers, Lisa Starr, Ralph Taggart

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page-pf1
Microvilli are indicated by
a. A.
b. B.
c. C.
d. D.
e. E.
hypothalamus
Choose the one most appropriate answer for each.
a. secretes one hormone that increases the metabolic rate and another that inhibits
calcium release from bone storage sites
b. secrete insulin and glucagon
c. secretes hormones that prepare accessory reproductive structures for reproduction
d. involved in lymphocyte maturation
e. secretes tropic hormones, growth hormone, and prolactin
f. secretes mineralocorticoids and glucocorticoids
page-pf2
g. in many vertebrates, helps to determine the amount and distribution of dark pigments
in the skin
h. secrete enzymes that help to form angiotensin
i. participates in reproductive physiology and responds to photoperiod change
j. releases oxytocin and antidiuretic hormone into bloodstream
k. secretes a hormone that promotes calcium release from bone storage sites
l. produces oxytocin and antidiuretic hormone
m. secretes cholecystokinin, secretin, and gastrin
n. secretes epinephrine and norepinephrine
o. secrete pheromones, milk, tears, sweat, and mucus
Which of the following environments would be most likely to produce trees without
annual rings?
a. tropical rain forest
b. northern evergreen forest
c. areas with alternating wet and dry seasons
d. temperate-deciduous forests
e. none of these, because annual rings are characteristic of all trees
page-pf3
Griffith
Choose the one most appropriate answer for each.
a. discovered that the hereditary system of one strain of bacteria could be transformed
by the hereditary system from another strain of bacteria
b. first to discover DNA and isolate it from fish sperm
c. discovered that DNA-digesting enzymes prevented bacterial transformation
d. the first to build an accurate model of DNA and to describe it explicitly in a
publication
e. the first to demonstrate, through the use of radioactive isotopes, that DNA, not
protein, is the genetic material
f. provided two important clues to the structure of DNA; one clue is that A = T and the
other is that C = G
g. discovered the structure of collagen
h. obtained excellent X-ray diffraction photographs that suggested that DNA was a
long, thin molecule with regularly repeating units
Glucose and sugars in DNA and RNA
a. have the same number of carbon atoms.
b. have the same structural formulas.
c. are the two components of sucrose.
d. are monosaccharides.
page-pf4
e. are both components of RNA.
The skull of the chimpanzee and human are most closely related
a. as 48-hour embryos.
b. as adults.
c. as adolescents.
d. as infants.
e. never; they are not structurally close.
During moderate but prolonged exercise, most of the energy for contraction is supplied
by
a. creatine phosphate.
b. aerobic respiration.
c. anaerobic respiration.
d. fermentation.
e. glycolysis.
page-pf5
A community
a. includes all populations of all species in a given area.
b. features the living organisms interacting with the physical and chemical environment.
c. is the sum of all places in Earth's atmosphere, crust, and waters where organisms live.
d. includes members of only one species.
e. is at a higher level of organization than an ecosystem.
page-pf6
Microspores are indicated by
a. A.
b. B.
c. C.
d. D.
e. E.
The letter "A" in the above figure represents which teeth?
page-pf7
a. incisors
b. molars
c. canines
d. premolars
e. none of these
The above figure of goslings (baby geese) following their mother demonstrates
a. imprinting behavior.
b. displaying instinctive behavior.
c. feeding a social parasite.
d. a learned behavior.
e. all of these.
page-pf8
Which of the following statements is NOT a possibility even though the phylogenetic
lineages for hominins are not definitive?
a. Homo preceded Australopithecus.
b. Homo sapiens is the most recent.
c. Australopithecus is probably more ancient than Homo.
d. Homo erectus preceded Homo sapiens.
e. Homo and Australopithecus may have evolved at the same time.
Fossils of the earliest known true hominins are approximately how many millions of
years old?
a. more than 20
b. about 10
c. between 7 and 2
d. less than 0.5
e. none of these
page-pf9
Respond to the following statements in reference to the five animal phyla listed below.
a. Annelida
b. Arthropoda
c. Mollusca
d. Echinodermata
e. Rotifera
The larval stage in this phylum has bilateral symmetry, whereas the adult stage exhibits
radial symmetry.
Conifers
Choose the most appropriate response.
a. have rhizoids, cuticle, and protected embryo sporophyte
b. one cotyledon
c. non-seed-bearing, heart-shaped gametophytes; spore-bearing leaves with sori
d. Lycopodium; cone-bearing sporophyte; free-living gametophyte
e. only one species left
f. cypress and redwood; heterosporous; mostly evergreen
g. confined to tropics or warm, temperate zones; resemble squat cone-bearing palm
trees
h. two cotyledons
i. Equisetum; homosporous; rhizomes present; aerial stems jointed; scouring rushes
page-pfa
j. have coevolved with pollinating vectors
Glycolysis depends upon a continuous supply of NAD+ and
a. NADP.
b. pyruvate.
c. glucose.
d. NADH.
e. H2O.
Argentine fire ants entered the United States in the
a. 1920s.
b. 1930s.
c. 1940s.
d. 1950s.
e. 1960s.
page-pfb
Respond to the following statements with reference to the five terms listed below.
a. zygote
b. blastula
c. cleavage
d. gastrula
e. somites
This is a longitudinal series of paired segments.
The following are chemical functional groups that may be part of a biologically active
molecule. Answer the questions by matching the items with the most appropriate group.
a. -COOH
b. -CH3
c. -NH2
d. -OH
e.
page-pfc
f. -PO4
3-
g. -CHO
The group typical of energy carriers such as ATP
Chloroplasts are thought to have originated as endosymbiotic associations when aerobic
bacteria engulfed photosynthetic cells. This relationship was favored by the production
of ____ by the endosymbiont.
a. glucose
b. hydrogen ions
c. ATP
d. oxygen
e. water
page-pfd
Which of the following is NOT a feature that is found exclusively among all
vertebrates?
a. notochord
b. pharyngeal gill slits
c. four legs
d. post-anal tail
e. dorsal nerve cord
Freshwater lakes in temperate regions will turn over in the
a. fall.
b. winter.
c. spring.
d. summer.
e. fall and spring.
page-pfe
tundra
Choose the one most appropriate answer for each.
a. northern coniferous forest
b. increases oceanic productivity
c. mosaics of tall, coarse grasses, shrubs, and low trees; even, humid forests; high
rainfall
d. stratified on rocky coasts
e. includes sediments and rocks on the ocean bottom
f. stratified communities with vines, orchids, and monkeys, and nutrient-poor soil
g. chemoautotrophs are the primary producers
h. dwarf willows, mosses, lichens, caribou, and permafrost
i. nurseries of the oceans
j. a large region characterized by its large array of dominant primary producers
DNA and RNA are alike in
a. the pentose sugar.
b. all the nitrogenous bases used to assemble the genetic code.
c. the number of strands.
d. their function in genetics.
page-pff
e. none of these.
Receptor
Even though there may be more than one correct letter response to some numbered
items, discriminate and "juggle" so that you have the one BEST response for each.
a. cells that nurture and support neurons
b. a hyperpolarizing event
c. a neuron cannot propagate an action potential at this time
d. Acetylcholine or GABA
e. interneuron in brain or spinal cord
f. establishes basis of resting membrane potential
g. sheathed muscle cells that contain receptors
h. input
i. integrator cell between sensory and motor
j. modified dendrite of a sensory neuron
k. a depolarizing event
l. output
m. muscle or gland
n. produced by a Schwann cell
o. cluster of cell bodies outside the CNS
page-pf10
A monophyletic group has how many ancestors?
a. one
b. two
c. three
d. many
e. it is variable
altruism
Choose the one most appropriate response for each. Some letters may not be used.
a. studied nest decorating behavior in birds
b. imprinting in goslings
c. capacity of an animal to complete complex, stereotyped responses to first-time
encounters with key stimuli
d. problem solving without trial-and-error
e. behavior is modified by experience
f. voluntary behavior is modified in response to consequences of that behavior
g. communal display ground
page-pf11
h. occurs during a sensitive period in which a following response or social attachment
becomes fixed on a particular moving object
i. self-sacrificing behavior
Thermus aquaticus
Choose the most appropriate letter.
a. contain DNA, but may be too small to be alive
b. simple transitional forms between early organic compounds and the first living cells
c. red alga resident of hot springs
d. first organisms with the noncyclic pathway of photosynthesis
e. source of the heat-resistant enzyme used in PCR
f. offered support for endosymbiosis
g. dome-shaped fossil remains of photoautotrophic bacteria (some nonfossil structures
also form).
h. protist with photosynthetic organelles that resemble cyanobacteria
i. earliest known organism that can be assigned to a modern group
The following questions refer to the genetic code table above.
The first amino acid of a new polypeptide chain is
a. alanine.
b. cysteine.
c. variable.
d. phenylalanine.
e. methionine.
page-pf13
Living organisms are different from inanimate objects because they
a. react to environmental stimuli.
b. exhibit very high levels of complexity.
c. possess molecules of deoxyribonucleic acid.
d. exhibit multiple levels of organization.
e. possess or exhibit all of these
Whales use sound to
a. communicate.
b. locate food.
c. map out their surroundings.
d. communicate and map out their surroundings.
e. do all of these.
page-pf14
The items below are processes that occur during different stages of photosynthesis.
Answer the following questions by selecting one of these three processes.
a. oxidation
b. reduction
c. phosphorylation
This process is involved when a photon of light energy causes an electron to leave the
chlorophyll molecule.
The processes listed below represent major chemical pathways in photosynthesis.
Respond to the following statements with reference to these five processes.
a. light-dependent reactions
b. chemosynthetic reactions
c. carbon dioxide fixation
d. Calvin-Benson cycle
e. C4 pathway
This is a carbon-fixing system that precedes the Calvin-Benson cycle in some plants.
page-pf15
The region where the renal medulla is located is indicated by
a. A.
b. B.
c. C.
d. E.
e. both A and B.

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