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1) The role of the amygdala in learning to respond to stimuli that have come to
represent aversive events through fear conditioning is primarily implicit.
2) Switching tasks requires maintenance but not manipulation of information in
working memory.
3) A diagnosis of apraxia is mainly exclusionary: a person is said to have apraxia if he
or she has a coordination problem that cant be linked to a deficit in controlling the
muscles themselves.
4) Information about color is extensively processed in visual area V5.
5) The error-related negativity (ERN) has been localized to the anterior cingulate
cortex.
6) Prefrontal areas likely are a temporary repository for representations accessed from
other neural sites.
7) The role of the amygdala in emotion and memory has been studied using a form of
classical conditioning known as fear conditioning.
8) One theory of the relation between language and handedness suggests that both
speech and dexterity are related.
9) Phineas Gage was a famous neurological patient who suffered damage to the
orbitofrontal cortex.
10) You are sitting in a coffee shop talking to your best friend while everyone around
you talks and music is playing in the background. The fact that you can attend to your
friend and ignore the other sounds around you is best described by which of the
following items?
a. dichotic listening
b. vigilance
c. the cocktail party effect
d. endogenous cuing
11) Organizing individual bits of information into higher-order units can increase the
amount of information that can be held in short-term memory. This strategy is called
a. the recency effect.
b. encoding.
c. the serial position effect.
d. chunking.
12) WhichofthefollowingisNOTapropertyofthewordbank?
a.It has many phonological neighbors.
b.It has many semantic neighbors.
c.It has more than one pronunciation.
d.It has more than one meaning.
13) Which of the following is NOT a major reason why the visual information reflected
by an object will vary over different viewings?
a. Objects can be viewed from multiple orientations.
b. Objects are seen in the context of other objects, and they may partially occlude one
another.
c. Objects are associated with view-dependent major axes.
d. Objects can be viewed under different illumination conditions.
14) One major difference between the pyramidal and the extrapyramidal motor tracts is
their points of origin. The pyramidal tracts carry messages from _________ to the
spinal cord, whereas the extrapyramidal tracts carry messages from _________ to the
spinal cord.
a. cortical structures ; subcortical structures
b. cranial nerves ; peripheral nerves
c. basal ganglia ; the cerebral cortex
d. subcortical structures ; the cerebral cortex
15) Visual search for __________ targets requires the use of selective attention,
whereas visual search for __________ targets can occur without sequential attention.
a. pop-out ; conjunction
b. pop-out ; feature
c. conjunction ; feature
d. feature ; conjunction
16) Studies of the neural bases of autism have found that people with autism
a.have less activation in the medial prefrontal cortex and superior temporal sulcus when
performing theory of mind tasks.
b. have smaller amygdalae in comparison to nonautistic people.
c.do not significantly deactivate the medial prefrontal cortex when performing non-self-
referential tasks.
d. All of the above are true.
17) Selective damage to the primary visual cortex typically leads to visual agnosia.
18) In the most general sense, scientists use the term mirror system to refer to a
distributed network of neural regions involved in both
a. the perception of the self and the perception of others.
b. action production and action interpretation.
c. the control of specific effectors as well as abstracted movement plans.
d. proprioception and somatosensation.
19) According to Levelt, information-specific networks exist for word forms at
the__________level and for the grammatical properties of words at
the__________level.
a.N400 ; P600
b. lexeme ; lemma
c.semantic ; parsing
d. frontal ; temporal
20) The primary interaction of muscles and the nervous system involves the alpha
motor neurons, which originate in the _________, exit through the _________, and
terminate in the muscles.
a. brain ; dorsal root
b. brain ; ventral root
c. spinal cord ; dorsal root
d. spinal cord ; ventral root
21) The term cytoarchitectonics refers to
a.how cells in one brain region appear morphologically and how they are arranged with
respect to each other.
b.how assemblies of neurons function together and how they communicate with
neighboring ganglia.
c.how different brain regions differ in volume and how they interact to produce
complex cognitive phenomena.
d.how the brains of different animals differ from each other in gross anatomy and the
evolutionary bases of these differences.
