1) which statement is not true about natural selection?
a. directional selection occurs when one extreme phenotype is favored over another
different extreme phenotype.
b. stabilizing selection favors an intermediate phenotype over either of the extreme
phenotypes.
c. disruptive selection favors both of the extreme phenotypes over the intermediate
phenotype.
d. directional selection leads to improved selection in a stable environment.
e. disruptive selection leads to polymorphism, favoring different forms of the same
species.
2) a change in a regulatory gene
a. must be dominant to be effective.
b. is what happens in the production of sickle cell hemoglobin.
c. is always beneficial to the organism in which it occurs.
d. can increase or decrease the expression of a structural gene.
3) which statement is true about prokaryotes?
a. they contain a nucleus.
b. they lack ribosomes.
c. they usually lack a cell wall.
d. they do not divide by mitosis.
e. they contain a single circular dna molecule as the genetic material.
4) what uniquestructural adaptations are found in the mammalian brain that allowed
mammals to become adept at higher mental activities?
a. a higher degree of crevasses and folds in the neocortex that increases the surface area
of the brain.
b. an increased number of blood vessels that increases the vascularization of the brain.
c. an enlarged pons.
d. a cranium that will protect the brain from damage.
e. a more direct connection to the spinal cord for faster conduction of neural impulses.
5) in the abnormal eyeball pictured here, the size of a normal eye is noted with a dotted
line. this type of abnormality results in
a. farsightedness.
b. astigmatism.
c. nearsightedness.
d. cataracts.
e. glaucoma.
6) which of the following amino acid chains would be produced from the mrna
sequence auacuuccuaguuga
a. isoleucine – leucine- proline- serine- stop
b. isoleucine – leucine- stop – proline- serine
c. glycine – glutamate – lysine – lysine – stop
d. isoleucine – alanine- proline- serine- stop
7) in what order do these layers occur in deep lakes in the temperate zone? from the
surface to the bottom of the lake, one would find the
a. epilimnion – thermocline – hypolimnion.
b. thermocline – epilimnion – hypolimnion.
c. hypolimnion – epilimnion – thermocline.
d. epilimnion – hypolimnion – thermocline.
8) a dehydration reaction can also be called a (an)_________ reaction since it forms
water.
a. condensation
b. hydrolysis
c. isomeric
d. an energy-releasing
e. monomer formation
9) the small intestines receive
a. bile from the liver and gall bladder.
b. pancreatic juices from the pancreas.
c. chyme from the stomach.
d. all of the above are correct.
e. none of these are correct.
10) if the earth was standing still (not rotating) and was a solid, uniform ball, wind
directions would
a. cease.
b. run north and south.
c. run east and west.
d. remain the same since the earth’s rotation does not affect wind directions.
11) the early experiment by van helmont (1600s) describes how he grew a tree in a
large pot and found that after five years, the amount of soil in the pot had not changed.
he concluded that the increase in weight was due to the addition of water. at that time,
the compounds in air had not yet been identified. today, you know that he only
discovered half the story. which additional experiment would provide evidence for the
rest of the story?
a. carbon is discovered as a major element in trees and is lacking in water molecules.
b. radioactive carbon in carbon dioxide in the air is identified as part of the tree
structure.
c. a very careful measurement of the water taken in and lost by the tree would have
revealed only half the added weight gained by the tree was from water.
d. analysis of nutrients in the soil would account for half the weight of the tree.
e. all of the experiments but for an analysis of nutrients in the soil would account for
half the weight of the tree.
12) which organs are located in the ventral cavity of the body?
a. stomach, liver, heart and bladder
b. stomach, liver, heart and spinal cord
c. small intestine, brain, lungs and kidneys
d. all of the choices are correct.
e. none of the choices are correct.
13) sharks
a. lack bony skeletons.
b. have placoid scales.
c. have a keen sense of smell.
d. have teeth derived from epidermal scales.
e. all of the choices are correct.
14) which of the following events involves the exchange of gases across a cell
membrane?
a. ventilation and external respiration
b. ventilation only
c. external respiration and internal respiration
d. internal respiration only
e. external respiration only
15) what symptoms could result from a stroke to the right side of the frontal lobe?
a. the person could suffer the loss ofmotor control of the left side of their body, loss of
memory, reasoning and judgment.
b. the person could suffer the loss ofmotor control of the right side of their body, loss of
memory, reasoning and judgment.
c. the person could suffer the loss ofmotor control of the left side of their body, loss of
memory, and speech.
d. the person could suffer the loss ofmotor control of the right side of their body, loss of
memory, reasoning and speech.