Another name for a large granular lymphocyte is a _____.
a.plasma cell
b.helper T cell
c.monocyte
d.natural killer cell
e.eosinophil.
In a person with lepromatous leprosy, the lesions would contain mRNA for _____.
a.lymphotoxin (LT)
b.IL-2
c.IL-5
d.IFN-
e.granulysin.
A.Explain why it is essential that and RII are not able to bind
simultaneously to the same IgE molecule.
B.Why does simultaneous binding not occur?
Receptor editing occurs _____. (Select all that apply.)
a.in the bone marrow
b.after encounter with foreign antigen in secondary lymphoid organs
c.in mature B cells
d.to establish self-tolerance of the B-cell repertoire
e.to express an excess of IgM over IgD on the surface of mature B cells.
C-type lectins are so called because of the role of _____ in facilitating receptor:ligand
interactions.
a.carbohydrate
b.CR1
c.calcium
d.chemokines
e.caspases.
Place the following stages of B-cell development in the correct chronological order.
a.early pro-B cell
b.large pre-B cell
c.immature B cell
d.stem cell
e.late pre-B cell
f.small pre-B cell.
cells differ from α:β T cells in that they _____. (Select all that apply.)
a.respond to phosphorylated metabolic intermediates (phosphoantigens) of isoprenoid
biosynthesis pathways
b.bind to lipid antigens presented by CD1
c.do not carry out gene rearrangement
d.are not subject to positive and negative selection in the thymus
e.have limited diversity of V gene rearrangement.
Once a thymocyte has productively rearranged a -chain gene, which of these event(s) can
occur subsequently? (Select all that apply.)
a. binds to pT and is expressed on the cell surface with the CD3 complex and chain.
b.Rearrangement of -chain genes ceases as a result of the suppression of
expression of RAG-1 and RAG-2.
c.The pre-T cell proliferates and produces a clone of cells all expressing an identical
chain.
d.Expression of CD34 and CD2 gives rise to double-positive thymocytes.
e. -chain loci rearrange simultaneously.
T cells recognize antigen when the antigen
a.forms a complex with membrane-bound MHC molecules on another host-derived cell
b.is internalized by T cells via phagocytosis and subsequently binds to T-cell receptors in
the endoplasmic reticulum
c.is presented on the surface of a B cell on membrane-bound immunoglobulins
d.forms a complex with membrane-bound MHC molecules on the T cell
e.bears epitopes derived from proteins, carbohydrates, and lipids.
Which of the following contributes to the activation of naive T cells?
a.neutrophils
b.B cells
c.macrophages
d.dendritic cells
e.basophils
Immediately after positive selection
a.the thymocyte reaches maturity and is exported to the periphery
b.RAG proteins are degraded and are no longer synthesized
c.receptor editing commences to eliminate reactivity against self antigens
d.the developing thymocyte acquires a double-negative phenotype
e.expression of pT is repressed.
Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome involves an impairment of _____.
a.lymphocytes and platelets
b.classical complement and blood-clotting pathways
c.the expression of MHC class I and class II molecules
d.T-cell and B-cell development
e.cytokine and cytokine receptor production.
Neutralizing antibodies
a.interfere with antigen degradation
b.facilitate uptake of antigen through Fc regions
c.stimulate complement activation
d.inhibit interaction of antigen with human cell surfaces
e.sensitize mast cells and basophils.
Which of the following describes myasthenia gravis?
a.Ectopic lymphoid tissue forms and impairs endocrine function.
b.Disruption of adhesion molecules of cellular junctions.
c.Autoimmune response to proteins of anterior chamber of the eye.
d.Chronic inflammation of the gut mucosa.
e.The neuromuscular junction is compromised.
The process used to produce either surface or secreted forms of the immunoglobulin heavy
chain is called
a.alternative RNA processing
b.isotype switching
c.somatic recombination
d.somatic hypermutation
e.opsonization.
Unlike inflammatory cytokines, Toll-like receptors _____.
a.are never secreted
b.participate only in adaptive immune responses
c.are expressed only by dendritic cells
d.stimulate the production of acute-phase proteins
e.induce fever.