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Argon has 18 protons. How many electrons are in its third energy level?
a. 2
b. 4
c. 6
d. 8
e. 10
Life probably would never have emerged on Earth if the ancient atmosphere had been
the same as the present one in regard to
a. carbon dioxide.
b. hydrogen.
c. oxygen.
d. nitrogen.
e. carbon monoxide.
A pollen grain coat is composed of which of the following?
a. sporopollenin
b. cellulose
c. peptidoglycan
d. exopolysaccharides
e. none of these
Multiple fruit
Choose the one most appropriate answer for each.
a. male spores of anthers
b. site where pollen tube usually penetrates the ovule
c. develops into a fruit at maturity
d. a 2n cell that will help form nutrients for the developing plant embryo
e. cluster of matured ovaries attached to a common receptacle
f. modified leaf with pigments and fragrance-producing cells
g. immature male gametophyte
h. female reproductive organ
i. landing platform for pollen
j. pollen-bearing structure
k. female spores of ovule
l. outermost whorl of leaf parts on a receptacle; generally green, but sometimes
pigmented
m. female gametophyte
n. matured ovaries of several flowers fused together into a single mass (for example,
pineapple, fig)
o. forms a seed at maturity
Hormones are used primarily for
a. signaling target cells in the vicinity of the secreting cells.
b. stimulating transmitter release at certain synapses.
c. integrating social behavior in a population.
d. causing a response in a part of the body some distance from the site of secretion.
e. all of these, depending on the species.
Respond to the following statements in reference to the five kinds of behavior listed
below.
a. imprinting
b. sexual selection
c. learned behavior
d. defense behavior
e. altruism
A garter snake learns to avoid dangerous or unpalatable prey. This is an example of
__________.
The structures illustrated in the figure are found in the
a. mouth.
b. esophagus.
c. stomach.
d. small intestine.
e. colon.
taiga
Choose the one most appropriate answer for each.
a. northern coniferous forest
b. increases oceanic productivity
c. mosaics of tall, coarse grasses, shrubs, and low trees; even, humid forests; high
rainfall
d. stratified on rocky coasts
e. includes sediments and rocks on the ocean bottom
f. stratified communities with vines, orchids, and monkeys, and nutrient-poor soil
g. chemoautotrophs are the primary producers
h. dwarf willows, mosses, lichens, caribou, and permafrost
i. nurseries of the oceans
j. a large region characterized by its large array of dominant primary producers
The process illustrated in the figure is a step in
a. the production of recombinant DNA.
b. probing for transferred genes.
c. DNA fingerprinting.
d. sequencing DNA.
e. producing radioactive probes.
As few as ____ Escherichia coli O157:H7 cells can cause disease.
a. 11
b. 100
c. 10
d. hundreds
e. thousands
Hypothalamus
Choose the most appropriate answer.
a. integrates body position, motions, balance
b. in cnidarians; based on reflex pathways devoted to swimming and feeding
c. messages from here arouse the brain and maintain wakefulness
d. the cortical region that coordinates muscles required for speech
e. all parts of nerve cells outside the brain and spinal cord
f. acetylcholine is an example
g. reflex control center for breathing, heart rate, and blood pressure
h. axons of the central nervous system that are sheathed with fatty myelin
i. at top of the brainstem bordering the cerebral hemispheres; influences learning and
emotional behavior
j. motor neurons that are divided into sympathetic and parasympathetic divisions
k. membrane coverings over brain spinal cord
l. contains the tectum; receives and integrates sensory information that is largely sent on
to the forebrain for further neural processing
m. connects right and left cerebral hemispheres
n. group of nerve cell bodies that form an integrative center
o. contains centers concerned with body temperature regulation and with salt and water
balance
The following are types of chemical bonds. Answer the questions below by matching
the descriptions with the most appropriate bond type.
a. hydrogen
b. ionic
c. covalent
d. polar covalent
e. double bond
a bond in which connected atoms share electrons
Chestnut blight is caused by a:
a. Bacteria
b. Fungus
c. Protist
d. Worm
e. Virus
segmentation
Choose the one most appropriate statement for each.
a. a process that mixes the contents of the lumen and forces it against the absorptive
surface of the gut
b. stimulates pancreatic bicarbonate secretion
c. thin, outermost layer of stomach
d. a softened ball of food particles
e. emulsify fat globules
f. have multiple stomach chambers, some of which store populations of microorganisms
g. innermost layer of the gut; contains diverse secretory cells
h. gastric inhibitory peptide
i. stimulates gallbladder and stomach emptying as well as pancreatic enzyme secretions
j. a mixture of food particles in the stomach
Chlorophyll does not absorb which color of light?
a. red
b. yellow
c. orange
d. green
e. blue
The adjustable ring of contractile and connective tissues that controls the amount of
light entering the eye is the
a. lens.
b. cornea.
c. pupil.
d. iris.
e. retina.
The following are chemical functional groups that may be part of a biologically active
molecule. Answer the questions by matching the items with the most appropriate group.
a. -COOH
b. -CH3
c. -NH2
d. -OH
e.
f. -PO4
3-
g. -CHO
The hydroxyl group
Which of the following statements is true?
a. The hydrogen bonding of cytosine to guanine is an example of complementary base
pairing.
b. In DNA, adenine always base pairs with guanine, and cytosine always base pairs
with thymine.
c. Each of the four nucleotides in a DNA molecule has the same nitrogen-containing
base.
d. When adenine base pairs with thymine, they are linked by three hydrogen bonds.
e. None of these statements are true.
In horses, black coat color is influenced by the dominant allele (B), and chestnut coat
color is influenced by the recessive allele (b). Trotting gait is due to a dominant gene
(T), pacing gait to the recessive allele (t). If a homozygous black trotter is crossed to a
chestnut pacer,
(a) what will be the appearance of the F1 and F2 generations?
(b) which phenotype will be the most common?
(c) which genotype will be the most common?
(d) which of the potential offspring will be certain to breed true?
Which group of mammals exhibits the widest distribution and greatest diversity?
a. marsupials
b. monotremes
c. placentals
d. marsupials and monotremes
e. placentals and monotremes
Answer the following questions in reference to the five divisions of vascular plants
listed below.
a. lycophytes
b. bryophytes
c. monocots
d. conifers
e. eudicots
The giant club mosses of the Carboniferous period were members of this group.
Globally, cigarette smoking kills four million people annually. That number is expected
to increase to ____ million by 2030.
a. 10
b. 50
c. 100
d. 150
e. 250
How many species become extinct each minute in the rainforests alone?
a. 1.
b. 2
c. 5
d. 10
e. 20
Which of the following gives rise to lateral roots?
a. endodermis
b. cortex
c. epidermis
d. pericycle
e. pith
Legumes
Choose the most appropriate answer response for each question.
a. responsible for opening and closing of stomata
b. mouthpart of an aphid
c. pipelines of the xylem
d. a mutually beneficial association between a fungus and a young root
e. structures on roots that house nitrogen-fixing bacteria
f. pipelines of the phloem
g. evaporation from stems and leaves
h. actively transport sucrose into sieve tubes
i. eudicot plants that tend to establish symbiotic relationships with nitrogen-fixing
bacteria
j. transport of organic molecules from source region to sink
k. a waxy band that forces water to diffuse through cells
In comparison to women, men make much more:
a. testosterone.
b. growth hormone.
c. myostatin.
d. estrogen.
e. all of these except estrogen.
Sodium chloride (KCl) in water can be described by any EXCEPT which of the
following?
a. K+ and Cl form
b. a solute
c. ionized
d. forms hydrophobic interactions
e. dissolved
Neurotransmitter molecule
Even though there may be more than one correct letter response to some numbered
items, discriminate and "juggle" so that you have the one BEST response for each.
a. cells that nurture and support neurons
b. a hyperpolarizing event
c. a neuron cannot propagate an action potential at this time
d. Acetylcholine or GABA
e. interneuron in brain or spinal cord
f. establishes basis of resting membrane potential
g. sheathed muscle cells that contain receptors
h. input
i. integrator cell between sensory and motor
j. modified dendrite of a sensory neuron
k. a depolarizing event
l. output
m. muscle or gland
n. produced by a Schwann cell
o. cluster of cell bodies outside the CNS
Respond to the following statements with reference to the organ systems listed below.
a. circulatory
b. lymphatic
c. digestive
d. endocrine
e. respiratory
The first line of defense against infectious bacteria found in food
Auxin concentration gradients
a. appear once germination begins.
b. promote the transcription of an enzyme that breaks down cytokinin.
c. allow formation of plant parts in expected patterns.
d. help young cells elongate so that shoots and roots lengthen.
e. are described by all of these EXCEPT "appear once germination begins."
Companion cells
Choose the most appropriate answer response for each question.
a. responsible for opening and closing of stomata
b. mouthpart of an aphid
c. pipelines of the xylem
d. a mutually beneficial association between a fungus and a young root
e. structures on roots that house nitrogen-fixing bacteria
f. pipelines of the phloem
g. evaporation from stems and leaves
h. actively transport sucrose into sieve tubes
i. eudicot plants that tend to establish symbiotic relationships with nitrogen-fixing
bacteria
j. transport of organic molecules from source region to sink
k. a waxy band that forces water to diffuse through cells
Various forms of a single gene at a given locus is called
a. kinetochores.
b. alleles.
c. autosomes.
d. loci.
e. chromatids.
