The greatest amount of nutrient absorption takes place in the
a. stomach.
b. small intestine.
c. colon.
d. pancreas.
e. esophagus.
The primers in PCR are
a. fragments of mRNA.
b. designed to base pair with mRNA.
c. free nucleotides.
d. radioactive.
e. none of these.
Which factor has the greatest effect on the amount of incoming light that strikes an
area?
a. latitude
b. temperature
c. humidity
d. the ozone layer
e. wind pattern
Respond to the following statements in reference to the five stages of sperm
development listed below.
a. spermatogonium
b. secondary spermatocyte
c. primary spermatocyte
d. spermatid
e. sperm
This continues to undergo mitosis throughout the reproductive life of the male.
The rocky shore zone that has the greatest diversity of life is the
a. upper littoral.
b. midlittoral.
c. lower littoral.
d. intertidal.
e. neritic.
Respond to the following statements in reference to the five components of mammalian
blood listed below.
a. red blood cells
b. basophils
c. platelets
d. albumin
This blood component plays a role in inflammation.
In oxidation-reduction reactions, all of the following are true EXCEPT
a. one molecule gives up electrons.
b. one molecule gains electrons.
c. cells release energy.
d. the molecule that accepts electrons is oxidized.
e. hydrogen ions are usually released.
Match the following descriptions to the most appropriate function, process, or trait
listed below.
a. inheritance
b. reproduction
c. photosynthesis
d. growth
e. homeostasis
a characteristic most organisms exhibit that tends to buffer the effects of environmental
change
Loose connective tissue
Choose the one most appropriate response for each.
a. ligaments and tendons are made of this
b. contains collagen and elastin; acts as a packing material that supports internal organs
c. receives, conducts, and initiates signals in response to environmental changes
d. stores fat
e. offers resistance to mechanical injury and loss of internal fluids; also a barrier against
microorganisms
f. secretes extracellular products such as sweat, mucus, tears, and saliva
g. fluid ground substance plus free cells; involved in transport, pH, and temperature
stability
h. extracellular fluid that bathes cells and tissues
Which of the following was NOT one of Darwin’s observations?
a. Most individuals have an equal chance to survive and reproduce.
b. Changes in populations are gradual and take place over long periods of time.
c. Members of the same species may exhibit considerable variation.
d. Some characteristics are heritable and passed on to offspring.
e. Some characteristics afford their possessor a better chance of survival.
Which of the following does NOT produce variation?
a. crossing over
b. random alignment of chromosomes during meiosis
c. asexual reproduction
d. genetic recombination of alleles
e. sexual reproduction
The above figure represents ____, a group of parasitic fungi that are killing amphibians
around the world.
a. Chytrids
b. Ascomycetes
c. Basidiomycetes
d. Glomeromycetes
e. Zygomycetes
If a diploid organism has a genome consisting of 4 pairs of chromosomes, it can
produce ____ different combinations of maternal and paternal chromosomes
(disregarding crossing over).
a. 4
b. 8
c. 12
d. 16
e. 32
The concept of an ecosystem differs from that of a community in that, unlike the
community, the ecosystem includes the
a. producers.
b. decomposers.
c. physical environmental factors.
d. animals as well as the plants.
e. parasites.
Which period is the most recent?
a. Triassic
b. Silurian
c. Devonian
d. Permian
e. Cambrian
Respond to the following statements with reference to the four steps of the nitrogen
cycles listed below.
a. nitrogen fixation
b. nitrification
c. denitrification
d. ammonification
The action of bacteria on ammonia, ultimately converting it to nitrate, involves this
process.
Which of the following is not a characteristic of viruses?
a. Contains DNA or RNA genetic material.
b. Contains cytoplasm and ribosomes.
c. Has a protein coat.
d. Can only replicate inside a living host cell.
e. Is very small.
The following items are organelles found in animal cells. Respond to the statements
below with reference to these organelles.
a. ribosome
b. mitochondrion
c. lysosome
d. Golgi body
e. endoplasmic reticulum
DNA synthesis occurs in the nucleus. Its breakdown can occur in this organelle.
Use the five processes listed below for the following questions.
a. glycolysis
b. aerobic respiration
c. anaerobic electron transfer
d. alcoholic fermentation
e. lactate fermentation
This process precedes the Krebs cycle.
The action of a white blood cell engulfing a bacterium is
a. pinocytosis.
b. phagocytosis.
c. exocytosis.
d. endocytosis.
e. phagocytosis and endocytosis.
Respond to the following statements in reference to the five endocrine glands listed
below.
a. pituitary
b. adrenal
c. pancreas
d. thyroid
e. thymus
This gland produces a hormone that directly controls development and helps control
metabolic rate.
Constipation can be caused by
a. emotional stress.
b. a low-fiber diet.
c. a sedentary lifestyle.
d. dehydration.
e. all of these.
Which of the following does NOT occur in the first trimester during human
development?
a. formation of a heart
b. disappearance of the tail
c. formation of internal organs
d. detection of movement of the fetus
e. segmentation and development of somites
The following questions refer to the figure above of a section through bone.
Compact bone tissue is located in the area indicated by
a. A.
b. B.
c. C.
d. D.
e. E.
A mountain rain shadow is the
a. arid area on the windward slope.
b. wet area on the windward slope.
c. arid area on the leeward slope.
d. wet area on the leeward slope.
e. arid area on either slope.
Choose the one most appropriate item from its description.
a. a six-carbon sugar
b. found in DNA and RNA
c. principal components of cell membranes
d. affect metabolic reaction rates
Enzymes
Predators often avoid a mimic species because of
a. its bad taste.
b. its toxic secretion.
c. its resemblance to a model species.
d. its painful sting.
e. all of these.
Which of the following processes does NOT serve to maintain low pressure at the
receiving end of sieve tube pipelines?
a. sucrose conversion into cell-wall polysaccharides
b. sucrose conversion into starch in the receiving regions
c. sucrose conversion to glucose, which is then used in cellular respiration
d. activity of companion cells
e. conversion of sucrose to fructose in fruits
The world’s forests are rapidly being lost to
a. fires.
b. fungal diseases.
c. logging.
d. hurricanes.
e. decrease in soil fertility.
The letter “A” in the above figure represents
a. humerus
b. pectoral girdle
c. skull
d. sternum
e. pelvic girdle
Which of the following is not involved in seed germination?
a. Cold.
b. Light.
c. Water.
d. Abrasion.
e. All of these are involved.