1)
the cylinders in this experiment represent a 24-hour period. the light area represents
light periods during a 24-hr. period and the dark area represents dark periods during a
24-hr. period. the critical length of dark vs. light periods for flowering is depicted by the
dotted line. note that some plants are flowering and some are not flowering.
long-day plants flower when the day length is longer than the critical period.
2) rabbits were introduced to australia by pioneer settlers in the mid 1800s for sporting
hunters. they have since stressed native marsupial and plant populations. this is an
example of the introduction of exotic species through accidental transport.
3) one third of all cancer deaths are due to mutations that arise from smoking tobacco.
4)
the cylinders in this experiment represent a 24-hour period. the light area represents
light periods during a 24-hr. period and the dark area represents dark periods during a
24-hr. period. the critical length of dark vs. light periods for flowering is depicted by the
dotted line. note that some plants are flowering and some are not flowering.
went’s experiment in 1926 with oat coleoptiles showed that agar that absorbed auxin
from the tips would cause a tipless shoot to curve away from the side where he had
placed the agar, suggesting that auxin causes cells to elongate.
5) some plants are not photosynthetic and must depend upon bacteria in their root
nodules for nutrients.
6) when the cerebral cortex interprets the sense of taste it will also be interpreting the
sense of smell.
7) why do snakes flick their tongue when they see potential prey?
a. they are trying to bring scent molecules into the mouth so the jacobson’s organs can
decipher them.
b. they are trying to detect the various scent molecules with their tongue.
c. snakes use tongue flicking as a means of communication.
d. all of the choices are correct.
8) there are two major groups of nervous system drugs. drugs in one group retard
heartbeat, promote digestion, contract the eye pupil, etc. the other drugs have the
opposite effect. these drugs are affecting the
a. motor and sensory nerves.
b. sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems.
c. central and peripheral nervous systems.
d. neurostimulatory and neuroinhibitory synapses.
e. cerebrum and cerebellum, respectively.
9) if you place the corner of a paper towel into a droplet of water the water moves
across the paper towel. which of the following would explain the movement of the
water?
a. surface tension
b. cohesion
c. adhesion
d. both cohesion and adhesion
10) which of these statements is not a consequence of the second law of
thermodynamics?
a. while the total amount of energy is unchanged, the energy lost as heat is no longer
useful to the cell in doing work.
b. reactions that occur spontaneously are those that increase the amount of useful
energy in a system.
c. the amount of disorder in the universe is always increasing.
d. to maintain organization of a cell, a continual input of energy is required.
11) the f2 offspring of a classic mendelian monohybrid cross between homozygous
dominant and homozygous recessive parents would produce the genotype(s)
a. aa and aa.
b. aa and aa.
c. aa, aa, and aa.
d. aa only.
e. aa only.
12) seedless vascular plants include all of the following except
a. psilotumpteridophytes
b. horsetailssphenophyta.
c. sphagnumbryophyta.
d. whisk fernspsilotophyta.
13) if a human who is a tongue roller (t) and has unattached ear lobes (e) marries a
person who cannot roll their tongue and has attached earlobes, could they produce an
offspring that was also a non-tongue roller with attached earlobes? what would be the
genotype of the first parent? the second parent?
a. yes; ttee; ttee
b. yes; ttee; ttee
c. no; ttee; ttee
d. unable to determine from the information given
14) the manner in which a scientist intends to conduct an experiment is called:
a. inductive reasoning
b. the experimental design
c. data collection and analysis
d. the conclusion
15) a recent book by a reputable biologist suggests there is a deep, hot biosphere under
the earth’s crust that may have more biomass than all life at the earth’s surface. this
would primarily rely on what organisms?
a. primitive animals
b. primitive heat-loving plants
c. fungi living on the detritus from above
d. thermoacidophilic archaea
e. viruses
16) when a person straightens their arm out they are flexing the triceps brachii. during
this movement the triceps is referred to as the _________.
a. agonist
b. antagonist
c. tendon
d. all of the above
e. none of the above
17) which is not true according to mendel’s law of segregation?
a. each individual contains two factors for each trait.
b. one factor must be dominant and one factor recessive in each individual.
c. factors separate from each other during gamete formation.
d. each gamete contains one copy of each factor.
e. fertilization restores the presence of two factors.
18) which of the following are characteristics of a keystone species?
a. they influence the diversity of the community.
b. they evoke an emotional response in people.
c. they have a very large population.
d. they are always mammals.
e. none of these are characteristics of keystone species.
19) the haploid (n) number of chromosomes for a human being is
a. 23
b. 24
c. 44
d. 46
e. 48
20) since each child of two heterozygous parents has a 50% chance of receiving a
recessive trait from each parent,
a. if the first child is phenotypically recessive, then the next child must be
phenotypically dominant.
b. if the first child is phenotypically recessive, then the next child has a 3/4 chance of
being phenotypically recessive.
c. if the first child is phenotypically recessive, then the next child has a 1/2 chance of
being phenotypically recessive.
d. no matter what the first child’s phenotype, the next child will have a 1/4 chance of
being phenotypically recessive.
21) which of the following statements about fruits is not true?
a. a blackberry is an example of a simple fruit.
b. a fleshy fruit has a fleshy pericarp, as in a peach.
c. most fruits are simple fruits, derived from a single ovary.
d. a dry fruit may split at maturity to release its seeds, as a pea or bean pod.
e. a multiple fruit, such as a pineapple, forms from many individual flowers on a stem.
22) which statement is not true about ionic bonds?
a. one atom acts as an electron donor and another atom acts as an electron acceptor.
b. electrons are completely lost or gained in ion formation.
c. an ion has the same number of electrons as a nonionic atom of the same element.
d. an ionic bond occurs between positive ions and negative ions.
e. a salt such as nacl is formed by an ionic reaction.
incorrect
23) what is the function of the buds formed by hydras?
a. they aid in digestion.
b. they develop into cnidocytes and can be used in defense.
c. they develop into the nerve net and are used to detect prey.
d. they produce new epidermal tissue to replace the old tissue.
e. they are a form of asexual reproduction.
24) all of the following statements are true about the clam’s digestion except
a. the clam is a filter feeder.
b. the clam has a single opening for the entry of food and the exit of digestive wastes.
c. the clam is a continuous feeder.
d. small food particles are collected on the gills and moved by cilia to the mouth.
incorrect
25) the clonal selection theory states that
a. all b cells are exact clones of each other.
b. all t cells are exact clones of each other.
c. when a b or t cell is stimulated by encountering the correct antigen, it divides to form
a clone of cells that will respond to the same antigen.
d. when a b or t cell is stimulated by encountering the correct antibody, it divides to
form a clone of cells that will respond to the same antibody.
26) actin and myosin filaments are both present in the dense region called the
a. a band.
b. z line.
c. h zone.
d. i band.
e. m band.