1) the ________ interactions allow bone to be strong, somewhat flexible, and highly
resistant to shattering.
a) collagen-fiber
b) protein-crystal
c) mineral-crystal
d) protein-protein
e) hydroxyapatite-crystal
2)
figure 21-2 veins
identify the vein labeled “10”
a) inferior vena cava
b) superior vena cava
c) aorta
d) pulmonary
e) thoracic
3) all of the following are true of neural reflexes, except that they
a) are automatic motor responses.
b) are the simplest form of behavior.
c) help preserve homeostasis.
d) cannot be modified by the brain.
e) involve at least two neurons.
4) when blood glucose levels fall,
a) insulin is released.
b) glucagon is released.
c) peripheral cells take up more glucose.
d) protein synthesis increases.
e) calcitonin is secreted.
5) how would a chemical that prevents the opening of voltage-regulated na+ channels
affect the function of a neuron?
a) neuron will only be able to hyperpolarize
b) neuron will depolarize more rapidly
c) action potentials will lack a repolarization phase
d) neuron will automatically and repeatedly produce graded potentials
e) neuron will only be capable of producing graded potentials
6) a lack of exercise could
a) cause bones to become thicker.
b) cause bones to store more calcium.
c) result in porous and weak bones.
d) cause bones to become longer.
e) cause bones to lose their medullary cavity.
7) the tough “horny” superficial layer of the epidermis is known as the
a) stratum corneum.
b) stratum lucidum.
c) stratum germinativum.
d) stratum granulosum.
e) stratum spinosum.
8) the long plateau phase of the cardiac muscle action potential is due to
a) movement of fewer sodium ions across the cell membrane.
b) calcium channels remaining open.
c) increased membrane permeability to potassium ion.
d) decrease in the amount of calcium diffusing across the membrane.
e) increased membrane permeability to sodium ions.
9) which of the following statements about marfan’s syndrome is false?
a) results in short, stubby fingers
b) results from a mutation
c) affects connective tissue genes
d) affects epiphyseal cartilages
e) may also cause cardiovascular problems
10) glomerulonephritis may occur as a consequence of an infection with the bacterium
a) clostridium difficile.
b) varicella.
c) streptococcus.
d) mrsa.
e) all of the answers are correct.
11) the only sensation that is received directly by the cerebrum is
a) olfaction.
b) gustation.
c) hearing.
d) vision.
e) dizziness.
12) sympathetic innervation of the urinary bladder is by way of the
a) celiac ganglion.
b) superior mesenteric ganglion.
c) inferior mesenteric ganglion.
d) pudendal ganglion.
e) pelvic ganglion.
13) each of the following factors would increase cardiac output, except
a) increased venous return.
b) decreased parasympathetic stimulation of the heart.
c) increased sympathetic stimulation of the heart.
d) increased blood concentration of glucose.
e) stimulation of the heart by epinephrine.
14) the most abundant high-energy compound in cells is
a) dna.
b) adenosine diphosphate.
c) adenosine monophosphate.
d) adenosine triphosphate.
e) rna.
15) preganglionic fibers of parasympathetic neurons are present in all of the following
cranial nerves, except n
a) iii.
b) vii.
c) ix.
d) x.
e) xii.