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Given that a human normally contains 46 chromosomes, give the chromosome number
for each of the following conditions:
Turner syndrome (female, no Barr bodies)
Klinefelter syndrome (male, one Barr body)
Triploid
Down syndrome (trisomic)
Trisomy 13
Present a general definition for a multigene family and how it relates to a superfamily.
Colchicine is an alkaloid derived from plants. What is its effect on chromosome
behavior?
In general, mutation rates in humans occur in the range of ________ (frequency) per
gamete per generation.
What are two properties that various types of cancer cells share?
Genes in their natural state cannot be patented. This policy allows research and use of
natural products for the common good. What argument might be presented in favor of
patenting genes or gene products?
A number of genomes have been sequenced in recent years: Escherichia coli,
Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Caenorhabditis elegans, Drosophila melanogaster, and Mus
musculus. What are the common names for these organisms?
What is a nonsense mutation?
Describe three genetic mechanisms whereby proto-oncogenes can become
overexpressed.
Nucleic acid blotting is commonly used in molecular biology. Two types, Southern
blots and northern blots, involve gel electrophoresis and a filter, which holds the nucleic
acid. Briefly describe the procedure of "blotting" in this context and differentiate
between Southern and northern blots.
In nonviral systems, what is the nature of the hereditary substance?
Name the two strategic methods that scientists are using to sequence genomes.
In what ways are eukaryotic transcription factors thought to function?
Provide an example of sex-influenced inheritance.
The inheritance of the petite phenotype in yeast is complicated by an interaction of
mitochondrial and nuclear genes. What are these complications? Which three categories
of petites are commonly described?
Kearns-Sayre syndrome (KSS) results in progressive loss of vision and hearing, as well
as heart defects. What is the genetic basis for this disease?
