1) an abandoned indiana coal mine spoil bank contains chunks of pyrite minerals. under
constant erosion and weathering, the pyrites leech large amounts of sulfuric acid
(h2so4). the spoil banks are also mixed with large quantities of basic limestone and clay
carbonates. what should occur over time?
a. the ph level will drop until all acid has washed out.
b. the ph level will remain at 7.0 because of constant washing with rain.
c. the ph level will remain at 7.0 because all acid will be immediately neutralized by
bases.
d. the ph levels will be spotty and vary over time, first more acidic but drifting back
toward 7.0.
e. bases always dominate over acids.
2) which of the following statements about the skeleton of a clam is not true?
a. the skeleton of a clam has two separate shells.
b. the skeleton of a clam grows with the organism.
c. the skeleton of a clam is made of calcium carbonate.
d. the skeleton of a clam is used mainly to allow movement of the organism.
e. the skeleton of a clam has muscles attached to it from the inside of the body.
3) which of the following is/are a biological “population?”
a. all of the corn plants in a cornfield
b. all of the variable-colored ladybird beetles of the species harmonia axyridis in a
forest
c. all male and female english sparrows that reside in your community
d. all of the human population of a rural western town
e. all of the choices are correct.
4) all life forms currently have a basic cell membrane so we presume that the earliest
forms of life had this “fence” isolating the internal organization from the external chaos.
it is likely that the primordial environment was acidic. in such a case, the cell
membrane would have to include
a. a sodium (na+) pump.
b. a proton (h+) pump.
c. mitochondria underneath in order to provide energy for active transport.
d. an acid-proof cell wall.
e. a totally nonpermeable membrane.
5) after leaving our left ventricle, blood next passes through the
a. vena cava.
b. aorta.
c. atrioventricular valve.
d. semilunar valve.
e. left atrium.
6) in the cell pictured, there is no net movement of water. the amount leaving the cell
and entering the cell is the same. in what type of environment is this cell found?
a. hypertonic
b. hypotonic
c. isotonic
d. none of the above
7) which of the following statements about b cells is true?
a. b cells develop and mature in the bone marrow.
b. b cells carry receptor molecules on their cell surfaces.
c. b cells change into plasma cells after encountering an antigen and then produce
antibodies.
d. some b cells become memory cells.
e. all of the above are true.
8) which of these vascular plants produce seeds?
a. ferns
b. club mosses
c. whisk ferns
d. gnetophytes
e. horsetails
9) when you look at an image, it is inverted on the back of the retina and yet appears
right-side-up when perceived in the brain. this change has occurred in
a. the retina which integrates the visual image.
b. the ganglionic cells.
c. the rods and cones themselves.
d. the visual regions of the brain.
e. the lens.
10) a thin layer of protein, within epithelial tissue, that anchors the epithelium to the
extracellular matrix is the
a. basement membrane.
b. plasma membrane.
c. compact bone.
d. hyaline cartilage.
e. neuroglia.
11) white blood cells fight infection by
a. transporting large amounts of oxygen to the infected area.
b. engulfing infectious pathogens and making antibodies.
c. increasing platelet production and forming a plug to seal off the area.
d. producing antibiotics that will kill bacteria and fungi.
12) what hormone stimulates the production of cortisol?
a. growth hormone
b. adrenocorticotropic hormone
c. gonadotropic hormone
d. thyroid-stimulating hormone
e. antidiuretic hormone
13) what is the correct order of the passage of sperm, starting at the site of development
and exiting the body?
a. initial production occurs in the seminiferous tubules, sperm mature in the epididymis,
they then enter the vas deferens, they then pass through the ejaculatory duct and exit the
body through the urethra.
b. initial production occurs in the seminiferous tubules, sperm mature in the epididymis,
they then enter the fallopian tubes, they then pass through the ejaculatory duct and exit
the body through the urethra.
c. initial production occurs in the epididymis, sperm mature in the seminiferous tubules,
they then enter the vas deferens, they then pass through the ejaculatory duct and exit the
body through the urethra.
d. initial production occurs in the seminiferous tubules, sperm mature in the epididymis,
they then enter the vas deferens, they then pass through the ejaculatory duct and exit the
body through the ureters.
e. initial production occurs in the seminiferous tubules, sperm mature in the uterus, they
then enter the vas deferens, they then pass through the ejaculatory duct and exit the
body through the urethra.
14) the first person who proposed that small organic molecules could have arisen by
chemical evolution was
a. stanley miller.
b. graham cairns-smith.
c. thomas cech.
d. aleksander oparin.
e. sidney fox.
15) homologous chromosomes are similar in all of these characteristics except:
a. similar in size.
b. carry the same alleles for all traits.
c. carry genes for the same traits.
d. similar in shape and location of the centromere.
16) which of the following features is not an advantage of an organism that has a
vivaparous life history?
a. the eggs are retained within the body of the mother until the offspring are able to fend
for themselves.
b. development of the offspring occurs inside of the female.
c. offspring can live independently shortly after they are born.
d. the mother supplies the offspring with nourishment, even after birth.
e. the unborn offspring is supplied with a continuous flow of nutrients during
development.
17) which of the following lists of features exemplifies the domain archaea?
a. unicellular, varying brached lipids in their cell membrane, no nuclear envelope and
contain some introns
b. multicellular, varying branched lipids in their cell membrane, no nuclear envelope
and contain some introns
c. unicellular, unbranched phospholipids in their cell membrane, no nuclear envelope
and contain some introns
d. unicellular, varying brached lipids in their cell membrane, nuclear envelope and
contain some introns