1) extinction can occur if a species is unable to adapt to a changing environment.
2) gene therapy is being used in cancer patients to make healthy cells more tolerant of
chemotherapy and to make tumors more vulnerable to chemotherapy.
3) receptor-mediated endocytosis involves the use of specific proteins in the cell
membrane.
4) the human kidney has an outer cortex, an inner medulla, and a renal pelvis that
collects and stores urine before it leaves the kidney.
5) the spinal cord allows for reflex actions to be relayed from the stimulus to the brain
along the tracts of unmyelinated white matter.
6) intrinsic factors, such as behavior and physiology, may affect growth rates of a
population.
7) many worker bees give their lives to save a bee hive from an attack by bears or other
animals. in such cases, we now know that
a. this is a case of sexual selection.
b. each female worker is waiting to get her chance to reproduce.
c. this is a case of bees consciously understanding the need to preserve the nest for their
individual benefitthey might survive if all work together.
d. these worker bees will have a reproductive benefit if the members of the hive
survive.
8) what statement is not true about the human nervous system?
a. the somatic nervous system controls skeletal muscles.
b. the somatic nervous system is further divided into the sympathetic and
parasympathetic divisions.
c. the central nervous system consists of the brain and spinal cord.
d. the somatic nervous system is part of the peripheral nervous system.
e. the autonomic nervous system controls glands and smooth muscles of the viscera.
9) which genotype is most likely to survive in a region of the world that contains
malaria?
a. homozygous recessive for hemoglobin shape
b. heterozygous for hemoglobin shape
c. homozygous dominant for hemoglobin shape
d. all genotypes have the same potential for survival in a region that contains malaria
incorrect
10) a biome with complex structure, warm weather, plentiful rainfall, and diverse
species is a
a. tropical rainforest.
b. savanna.
c. taiga.
d. tundra.
11) damage to the parenchyma cells can lead to which of the following issues:
a. a decrease in the plants ability to run photosynthesis or store the sugars produced
from photosynthesis.
b. an increase in the plants ability to run photosynthesis and storing the sugars produced
from photosynthesis.
c. a decrease in the plants ability to defend against predators.
d. a decrease in the structural support for various components of the plant.
12) all of the following are nonvascular plants except
a. lycophytes.
b. liverworts.
c. mosses.
d. hornworts.
13) in the fern life cycle, the ______ generation is dominant.
a. haploid gametophyte
b. diploid gametophyte
c. haploid sporophyte
d. diploid sporophyte
14) which stage would show the development of the ectoderm and endoderm germ
layers?
a. early gastrulation
b. neurulation
c. blastulation
d. late gastrulation
15) the structure from which an egg is released during ovulation is called a(n)
a. ovarian cyst.
b. primary follicle.
c. corpus luteum.
d. secondary follicle.
e. graafian follicle.
16) if the hardy-weinberg equilibrium is met, what is the net effect?
a. evolution leading to a population better adapted to an unchanging environment
b. evolution leading to a population better adapted to a changing environment
c. very slow and continuous evolution with no increased adaptation
d. no evolution because the alleles in the population remain the same
17) prokaryotes generally range in size from
a. 10-400 nm.
b. 20-300 mm.
c. 10-100 m.
d. 1-10 m.
e. 50-100nm.
18) as the embryo matures,
a. the suspensor transfers nutrients from the endosperm to the embryo.
b. the embryonic cells near the suspensor become the shoot.
c. the innermost cells become the protective, dermal tissue.
d. it becomes a ball of cells and assumes a torpedo shape.
19) among adaptations of plants to a terrestrial environment are all of the following
adaptations except
a. a dominant sporophyte with vascular tissue.
b. a cuticle to prevent water loss from exposed parts of the plant.
c. stomata to regulate gas exchange with the atmosphere.
d. all of the choices are adaptations.
20) the oxidizing atmosphere probably developed approximately _____ billion years
ago.
a. 1.5
b. 2.0
c. 3.5
d. 4.5
21) what are the basic structures that make up a nucleotide?
a. pentose sugar, phosphate and nitrogen-containing base
b. pentose sugar, nitrate and phosphorus-containing base
c. ribose sugar, phosphate and nitrogen-containing base
d. hydroxide group, phosphate and nitrogen-containing base
e. pentose sugar, sodium and nitrogen-containing base
22) if there are twelve different intermediate products produced in the stages of a
metabolic pathway within a cell, we can expect that there
a. is one enzyme that carries this process through to the end product.
b. is one enzyme for degradation and another enzyme for synthesis.
c. may not be any enzymes involved if this is a natural cell product.
d. must be twelve different raw materials combined in the cell by one enzyme.
e. are about twelve enzymes, at least one responsible for each step in the metabolic
pathway
23) compared with other cell components (organelles, cell membrane or nucleus), the
mitochondria would be the only one that would
a. form an electrochemical gradient across a membrane.
b. use significant amounts of oxygen to produce atp.
c. use a chemiosmotic complex to produce atp.
d. produce atp via glycolysis.
e. release protons (h+).
24) carbonic anhydrase
a. is a digestive enzyme.
b. is dissolved in plasma.
c. speeds up the conversion of carbonic acid to carbon dioxide and water.
d. speeds up the conversion of carbon dioxide to oxygen.
e. speeds up the conversion of oxyhemoglobin.
25) some, but not all, virus capsids are surrounded by _________.
a. a membranous envelope
b. both dna and rna
c. either dna or rna
d. a protein capsid
e. a protein spore coat
26) glucose (c6h12o6) can exist as both an open-chain form and a closed-ring form.
before 1900, glucose was only thought to occur as an open chain. now we know that
over 99 percent of the time, glucose occurs in the closed-ring form. what possible
difference between these forms would give chemists a clue that the open-chain form
was not present?
a. open-chain molecules can form polymers and glucose does not.
b. only open-chain forms can undergo condensation, which does not occur with
glucose.
c. an open chain presents ends with functional groups (in this case aldehyde), and
glucose failed to undergo typical aldehyde reactions; a phenomenon that could be
explained by having no end functional group in a ring structure.
d. because glucose is solid at room temperature, it must have saturated hydrocarbon
chains.
e. glucose could not be “denatured” so it must be a tight chain.