1) In general, increased activity in the anterior cingulate cortex has been observed when
participants perform tasks that have any of the following properties EXCEPT
a.the task requires planning and decision making.
b. the task involves well-learned or automatic responses.
c.the task is likely to require error correction.
d. the task requires a response that competes with another strong habitual response.
2) Korbinian Brodmann used __________techniques to document fifty-two regions of
the brain that differed in __________ .
a.phrenological ; cytoarchitectonics
b. phrenological ; chronometrics
c.tissue staining ; cytoarchitectonics
d. tissue staining ; chronometrics
3) The discipline of phrenology was founded by
a. Broca and Wernicke.
b. Fritsch and Hitzig.
c.Ramn y Cajal and Sherrington.
d.Gall and Spurzheim.
4) The primary contribution of Golgi to the field of cognitive neuroscience was that he
a.developed a staining technique that permitted full visualization of individual neurons.
b.showed experimentally that the nervous system is composed of a net of physically
interconnected neuronal units.
c.discovered that cells in different regions of the cortex also differ in shape and size.
d.demonstrated that nerves can release chemicals that have an activating effect on
nearby
muscle cells.
5) The orbitofrontal cortex is an integration area for which two senses?
a. somatosensation and vision
b. vision and audition
c. olfaction and gustation
d. somatosensation and proprioception
6) In the auditory system, the conversion of sound waves into action potentials occurs
in the
a. ganglion cells.
b. eardrum.
c. cochlear nucleus.
d. hair cells.
7) You are working diligently in the chemistry laboratory when suddenly a small
explosion occurs in the rear of the room, immediately and automatically capturing your
attention. This is an example of
a. inhibition of return.
b. exogenous cuing.
c. voluntary orienting.
d. controlled processing.
8) Ouabain is a toxin that works by permanently inhibiting the activity of
sodiumpotassium pumps embedded in neuronal membranes. How would ouabain
administration affect the resting potential of a neuron?
a. The magnitude of the resting potential would shift toward zero.
b. The resting potential would hyperpolarize toward a more negative value.
c.The resting potential would reverse to a positive, rather than a negative, value.
d. Application of ouabain would not affect the resting potential.
9) After suffering a severe head injury, a patient demonstrates a dense anterograde
amnesi
a. She
a. has trouble remembering events that occurred before the injury.
b. cannot remember events that occurred after the injury.
c. has equal difficulty remembering events that occurred before and after her injury.
d. has normal long-term memory but impaired working memory.
10) A small object, such as a key, is placed in the right hand of a split-brain patient who
has her eyes closed. Assuming that this person has left-hemisphere language
dominance, which of the following best describes her ability to report information about
the XOAect based on how it feels?
a.She will be able to name and describe it verbally.
b. She will not be able to name it verbally.
c.She will be able to write out the objects name using her left hand.
d. She will not be able to direct focused attention to the object.
11) Homo Sapiens have made the leap from____________to__________sequences.
a. gestural ; manual.
b. manual ; gestural.
c.manual ; vocal.
d. vocal ; manual.
12) If you were to conduct a single-cell recording from a neuron in the MT region of
the extrastriate visual cortex, you would probably find that the cell fires most
vigorously to a
a. bar of light that alternates in color between red and green.
b. bar of light tilted at a 15 angle in the center of the cells receptive field.
c.corner-shaped region of light on a dark background.
d. bar of light that moves across the cells receptive field.
13) With regard to motor cortex, a population vector is the
a. summed activity of the neurons in the motor cortex, including cells that are tuned to
all directions.
b. summed activity of the neurons in the motor cortex, including only cells that are
tuned to the same preferred direction.
c. total number of neurons that are tuned to the same preferred direction.
d. preferred direction of a single neuron.
14) Which of the following is NOT a well-established basic emotion?
a. anger
b. sadness
c. contempt
d. surprise
15) Most children who are asked to sort a set of facial pictures will likelysort on the
basis of________, whereas autistic children will likely sort on the basis
of___________.
a.emotional expression ; physical features
b. physical features ; emotional expression
c.eye gaze ; emotional expression
d. emotional expression;eyegaze
16) The value of the membrane potential to which an axon must be depolarized to
initiate an action
potential is called the __________ potential for that neuron.
a.graded
b. resting
c.threshold
d. refractory
17) Lesions to the pyramidal motor tract would produce difficulty in moving effectors
on which side of the body?
a. the contralateral side
b. the ipsilateral side
c. both the contralateral and ipsilateral sides
d. neither side: the pyramidal neurons do not innervate effector muscles