1) all hominoids walk upright.
2) communication is an action by a sender that may influence the behavior of a receiver.
3) chloroplast are capable of running photosynthesis which is the most abundant form
of anabolic metabolism in life.
4) an enzyme is a globular protein that inhibits the formation of chemical bonds within
the enzyme’s substrate(s) causing the rate of the reaction to slow down.
5) the circulatory system is the only way by which an animal can supply oxygen and
nutrients to its cells, or remove waste materials from the cells.
6) dandelions and tent caterpillars, which are r-strategists, are examples of opportunistic
species that tend to move in high numbers and rapidly occupy new environments.
7) survivorship may be defined as the probability of newborn individuals of a cohort
surviving to a particular age interval or as the proportion of the population surviving
from the previous age interval.
8) glycolysis produces 1 pyruvate and 3 nadh coenzymes.
9) is a reaction assisted by large quantities of rubp carboxylase enzyme.
10) since chemoreceptors are found in arthropods, crustaceans, vertebrates and all other
animals it is believed that chemoreception is the most primitive sense.
11) the energy for atp synthesis in chemiosmotic phosphorylation comes from the
movement of hydrogen ions across a membrane down a concentration gradient.
12) feedback inhibition is the process that turns off an enzyme in a metabolic pathway
as the result of inhibitory actions of a product of the pathway.
13) the pituitary gland controls the hypothalamus by the production of antidiuretic
hormones.
14) which of the following mass extinction events is correct?
a. during the permian period over 90% of the species disappeared due to an excess of
carbon dioxide in the atmosphere.
b. at the end of the ordovician period over 90% of the species went extinct due to a
bolide impacting the earth’s surface and causing a cloud of ash to reduce solar exposure
for several weeks.
c. at the end of the cretaceous period over 90% of the species went extinct due to a
bolide impacting the earth’s surface and causing a cloud of ash to reduce solar exposure
for several weeks.
d. at the end of the devonian period 70% of the terrestrial vertebrates went extinct when
gondwana drifted back towards the south pole.
15) clements proposed the climax-pattern model of succession. governing factors for
this model include
a. climate.
b. soil conditions.
c. each successive community preparing the way for the next.
d. all of the choices are correct.
16) innate immunity is more likely to play a role in defending the body against which of
the following invaders?
a. microbial pathogens
b. small pox virus
c. chicken pox
d. measles
17) below freezing and above boiling, cells are unable to function as “liquid
machinery.” however, most organisms’ cells are still limited from functioning
throughout this full range of liquid temperatures. at the molecular level in different
organisms, cells’ ability to vary in their tolerance to temperature, etc., is most closely
related to variation in
a. enzyme activity and protein denaturation.
b. atp efficiency.
c. ability to form glucose polymers.
d. replication of nucleic acids.
e. extent of saturation of fatty acids.
18) which type of covalent bond is the strongest?
a. single
b. double
c. triple
d. quadruple
e. all covalent bonds are equal in strength
19) which features are required for efficient external respiration to take place?
a. the gas exchange region must be moist, thin and have a large surface area.
b. the gas exchange region must be dry, thin and have a large surface area.
c. the gases being exchanged must be present in a low concentration in order for
diffusion to occur.
d. gas exchange can only occur at a temperature lower than the body temperature of the
organism.
e. the gas exchange needs to occur in an aquatic environment in order to be efficient.
20) which of the following is not involved in mineral uptake by plant roots?
a. root nodules that fix atmospheric nitrogen
b. cuticles that protect surfaces
c. root hairs that increase surface area
d. expending energy in uptake/active transport
21) the membrane protein (enzyme) _________ will transform adp + p atp as h+ flow
down a gradient from the intermembrane space into the matrix.
a. the sodium-potassiuim pump
b. atp synthase
c. cholesterol
d. nadh-q reductase
22) which term describes the forcing out of water at the surface of a plant’s leaves?
a. water stress
b. atmospheric pressure
c. pressure
d. guttation
e. transpiration
23) kansas and pennsylvania are approximately at the same latitude. yet why are the
potential natural communities in kansas mostly grassland and in pennsylvania mostly
temperate forest?
a. different temperatures
b. different levels of moisture
c. different soil texture and ph levels
d. different vegetation due to different seed banks
e. different altitudes
24) angiosperms are _______ when the male and female reproductive parts are on
different individuals of the same species.
a. dioecious
b. monoecious
c. tetraploid
d. bryophytes
25) what establishes the electrochemical gradient across a membrane to provide energy
for atp production?
a. the chloroplast’s electron transport system provides the ions.
b. hydrogen ions naturally collect on the outside of the organelle membrane.
c. hydrogen ions are pumped across the membrane by carrier proteins of the electron
transport chain.
d. all of the choices establish the electrochemical gradient.
26) which piece of evidence best supports the endosymbiotic theory of organelle
evolution?
a. the outer membrane of a mitochondrion and chloroplast resemble a eukaryotic cell
while the inner membrane resembles that of a bacterial cell.
b. the inner membrane of a mitochondrion and chloroplast resemble a eukaryotic cell
while the outer membrane resembles that of a bacterial cell.
c. both mitochondria and chloroplast divide by mitosis.
d. mitochondria and chloroplast are much larger than present day bacteria.
27) a(n) _______ is one that is present in the common ancestor and all members of a
group.
a. shared ancestral character
b. clade
c. divergence
d. shared derived character
e. analogous structure