3.6: Art of Renaissance and Baroque Europe: 1400 to 1750
1. Which of the following terms means “rebirth” and is used to describe an artistic movement
characterized by renewed interest in the Classical world of Greece and Rome?
a.
Renaissance
d.
Mannerism
b.
Baroque
e.
none of the other answers
c.
Enlightenment
2. Which of the following terms refers to the seventeenth and early eighteenth centuries in Western
Europe, a period when there was a general increase in motion and emotion in artworks?
a.
Renaissance
d.
Mannerism
b.
Baroque
e.
none of the other answers
c.
Enlightenment
3. Which of the following terms is used to describe the mid- to late sixteenth-century style of art that
elongated human figures and elevated grace as an ideal?
a.
Renaissance
d.
Mannerism
b.
Baroque
e.
none of the other answers
c.
Enlightenment
4. Giorgio Vasari wrote which of the following texts?
a.
On Painting
b.
Experiments with Colors
c.
The Lives of the Most Excellent Painters, Sculptors, and Architects
d.
Shadows and Light
e.
He was an artist who never wrote any books
5. Giorgio Vasari believed that ________.
a.
artists needed to have intellectual ability
b.
artists were elevated above the position of manual laborers
c.
artists should be considered creative geniuses
d.
an artist’s talent might be divinely inspired
e.
all of the other answers
6. To make their artworks appear realistic, Renaissance artists sometimes distorted the way certain
objects and elements looked.
7. Filippo Brunelleschi has been widely regarded as the first Renaissance ________.
a.
painter
d.
architect
b.
sculptor
e.
musician
c.
printmaker
8. Brunelleschi’s design for the dome of Florence Cathedral was a triumph over adversity because
________.
a.
it had to be made of wood
b.
it was very small
c.
there was plenty of space around the outside of the building
d.
building such an enormous dome was a technological challenge
e.
none of the other answers
9. Masaccio used which of the following elements and principles in Tribute Money?
a.
linear perspective
d.
continuous narrative
b.
naturalism
e.
all of the other answers
c.
atmospheric perspective
10. Linear perspective is used to ________.
a.
represent the illusion of three-dimensional space in two dimensions
b.
replicate the appearance of great expanses of space
c.
teach printmakers the steps of their process
d.
make maps more effectively
e.
all of the other answers
11. Leonardo da Vinci indicates that Christ is the most important figure in his painting of The Last
Supper by ________.
a.
locating Christ at the center of the composition
b.
creating a stable triangular form for Christ, in contrast to the activity of the other figures
c.
framing Christ’s head with light from the windows behind
d.
arranging the vanishing point directly behind Christ’s head
e.
all of the other answers
12. Only one artist in the Renaissance and Baroque periods ever painted the subject of The Last
Supper.
13. Leonardo da Vinci invented a painting technique that consisted of applying a hazy or misty glaze
over the painting. This technique is called ________.
a.
sfumato
d.
tenebrism
b.
chiaroscuro
e.
modeling
c.
fresco
14. Without the patronage of the Catholic Church, many incredible Renaissance works of art would
not have been made.
15. Which of the following statements is true of Michelangelo?
a.
he preferred the medium of sculpture to painting
b.
he painted two very important commissions in the Sistine Chapel
c.
he loved to depict the nude body
d.
all of the previous answers
e.
none of the previous answers
16. The painting Last Judgment in the Sistine Chapel includes a ________.
a.
portrait of Leonardo da Vinci looking like Plato
b.
self-portrait of Artemisia Gentileschi as Judith
c.
portrait of Pontormo’s uncle as Laocoön
d.
self-portrait of Michelangelo as St. Bartholomew’s flayed skin
e.
portrait of Dürer surrounded by bats
17. The medium of the artwork that decorates the Sistine Chapel ceiling is ________.
a.
stone relief
d.
marble
b.
fresco
e.
tempera on panel
c.
oil on canvas
18. Which of the following architectural features did Renaissance artists borrow from the Classical
tradition?
a.
columns
d.
hemispherical domes
b.
pediments
e.
all of the other answers
c.
semicircular arches
19. Which of the following relates to the Villa Rotunda?
a.
symmetrical design
d.
confusing hallways and corridors
b.
oval center and octagonal exterior
e.
a Baroque entranceway
c.
grand church spectacle
20. Renaissance architect Andrea Palladio designed the Villa Rotonda using various symmetrical
shapes, such as squares, rectangles, and circles.
21. Raphael’s The School of Athens contains:
a.
accurate portraits of ancient scholars and writers
b.
accurate portraits of sixteenth-century scholars and writers
c.
ancient scholars looking like sixteenth-century artists
d.
contemporary scholars looking like ancient artists
e.
only people the artist knew personally
22. Why were the Greek god Apollo and the goddess Athena included in The School of Athens?
a.
because Renaissance artists admired Greek mythology, philosophy, and art
b.
because there were no longer any deities during the Renaissance
c.
because the artist was Greek
d.
because the huge flowers the artist wanted to carve fell apart
e.
none of the other answers
23. The Arnolfini Portrait is part of which period in art?
a.
the Italian Renaissance
d.
the Baroque
b.
the Northern Renaissance
e.
the Gothic
c.
the Mannerist
24. What does the dog in The Arnolfini Portrait symbolize?
a.
that the couple hope to have children
b.
that the man is worldly and the woman more domestic
c.
that the room the couple stand in is sacred
d.
that the artist is present in the room with the couple
e.
that the couple are wealthy and faithful
25. Michelangelo is the artist of Saint Luke Drawing the Virgin.
26. Scholars believe that Saint Luke Drawing the Virgin (3.6.12) is meant to show the importance of
________.
a.
family
d.
interior decoration
b.
reading
e.
marriage
c.
artists
27. Which of the following artworks was made by Pieter Bruegel the Elder?
a.
an altarpiece graphically depicting Christ’s suffering
b.
a woodblock print of the Last Supper
c.
a detailed painting of his sisters playing chess
d.
a gigantic sculpture of David
e.
a landscape filled with ordinary people, which humorously depicts everyday proverbs
28. Compare and contrast the self-portraits that the artists Michelangelo, Raphael, Jan van Eyck and
Rogier van der Weyden included in their respective works Last Judgment (3.6.8b), The School of
Athens (3.6.10), and The Arnolfini Portrait (3.6.11) and Saint Luke Drawing the Virgin (3.6.12).
How has each artist included himself in his work? Considering the great reputations of these
artists, even in their own lifetimes, why do you think they made these self-portraits so subtle?
29. Which of the following artworks is a very graphic depiction of Christ’s crucifixion?
a.
Isenheim Altarpiece
d.
St. Bartholomew’s Skin
b.
Netherlandish Proverbs
e.
all of the other answers
c.
Tribute Money
30. St. Anthony, depicted on the right wing of the Isenheim Altarpiece, is the patron saint of sufferers
from skin disease.
31. When creating the Isenheim Altarpiece, the artist did not consider the context of where his artwork
was going to be displayed.
32. Masaccio’s Tribute Money (3.6.5) shows events that took place at different times all appearing
together in one unified space. The Isenheim Altarpiece depicts different events separately, on
different panels. Why do you think these two artists chose their different approaches to narrative?
Why did Masaccio use a continuous narrative and Grünewald present his Crucifixion scene on one
panel and the Lamentation on another?
33. A woodcut allows an artist to do which of the following?
a.
paint a unique artwork on a wall
d.
make multiple prints of an image
b.
sculpt in marble
e.
sleep later than usual
c.
etch using acid
34. Dürer’s print The Last Supper reflects the ideas of ________.
a.
the Protestant Reformation
d.
his friend Michelangelo
b.
the Counter-Reformation
e.
the Pope
c.
Buddhism
35. Sofonisba Anguissola was part of which of the following movements?
a.
Gothic
d.
Baroque
b.
Northern Renaissance
e.
none of the other answers
c.
Mannerism
36. Portrait of the Artist’s Sisters Playing Chess displays which of the following characteristics?
a.
solid forms and harmonious proportions
b.
bold outlines and garish colors
c.
extremely bright light and dynamic poses
d.
a dark background and Classical architecture
e.
an emphasis on emotion and heightened realism
37. To keep Church officials happy, Veronese decided to repaint his entire artwork depicting Christ
feasting with disciples and members of the Venetian elite.
38. The artist of Christ in the House of Levi had to change the painting’s name because ________.
a.
church officials objected to Christ being shown with clowns, dwarves, and dogs at this key
moment in the gospels
b.
it did not contain enough Classical architecture
c.
the composition was not balanced and stable
d.
the painting was seen as very reverent
e.
the artist was from Verona
39. The Last Supper by Tintoretto ________.
a.
makes Christ the focal point
d.
features many ordinary people
b.
has dramatic lighting contrasts
e.
all of the other answers
c.
conveys a dynamic sense of motion
40. Tintoretto’s The Last Supper has a very similar symmetrical composition to Leonardo da Vinci’s
painting of the same subject.
41. An important feature of late Renaissance artwork, compared to art created during the early and
high Renaissance, is ________.
a.
an increase in imaginative elements as opposed to strict believability
b.
more dynamic compositions and subjects
c.
greater emotional intensity
d.
a greater emphasis on dissonance over harmony
e.
all of the other answers
42. The overall composition and the facial expressions in Pontormo’s Deposition create an atmosphere
of ________.
a.
calm, reason, and order
b.
instability, chaos, and disorder
c.
joy, health, and harmony
d.
renewal, victory, and accomplishment
e.
all of the other answers
43. A “deposition” scene shows which of the following?
a.
the birth of Jesus
b.
Jesus being crucified on the cross
c.
Jesus’s body being removed from the cross
d.
the resurrection of Jesus
e.
a deposition does not include Jesus at all
ANS: C DIF: Level 1 REF: Late Renaissance and Mannerism
Match the statue of the biblical hero David with its period:
a.
Baroque
c.
early Renaissance
b.
high Renaissance
44. Michelangelo’s David
45. Donatello’s David
46. Bernini’s David
47. Donatello’s David is made in what medium?
a.
bronze
d.
wood
b.
marble
e.
none of the other answers
c.
terracotta
48. Of the three sculptures of the biblical hero David in this chapter, the one by Michelangelo makes
the identity of the figure the most obvious.
49. Bernini depicts his David at exactly the same moment in the story as the versions by his
predecessors Donatello and Michelangelo.
50. The story of Laocoön takes place during ________.
a.
a gladiatorial combat
d.
the Thirty Years War
b.
the Trojan War
e.
World War II
c.
the Middle Ages
51. El Greco was ________.
a.
an Italian artist who worked in Greece during the Renaissance
b.
a Roman artist who worked in France during the Renaissance
c.
a Greek artist who worked in Italy and Spain during the Renaissance
d.
an Italian artist who worked in Greece during the Baroque period
e.
a Greek artist who worked in France during the Baroque period
52. Artemisia Gentileschi was influenced by the style of which other artist?
a.
Masaccio
d.
Nicolas Poussin
b.
Caravaggio
e.
all of the other answers
c.
Sofonisba Anguissola
53. Artemisia Gentileschi’s Judith Decapitating Holofernes is part of which movement?
a.
early Renaissance
d.
Medieval
b.
Mannerism
e.
Classical Greek
c.
Baroque
54. Which pair of artists listed below is known for painting with dark backgrounds that make the
figures look like they are emerging into light?
a.
Artemisia Gentileschi and Filippo Brunelleschi
b.
Caravaggio and Rembrandt
c.
Michelangelo and Gianlorenzo Bernini
d.
Giorgio Vasari and Pieter Bruegel the Elder
e.
all of the other answers
55. Peter Paul Rubens worked with many assistants in his studio.
56. In Rubens’s The Raising of the Cross, how is the viewer’s attention focused on Christ’s body?
a.
the lighting and placement
b.
the blue sky and clouds around him
c.
a hawk that has landed on his shoulder
d.
he is the only figure without a halo
e.
arrows point to his body
57. Rembrandt’s painting The Night Watch was commissioned by ________.
a.
Queen Maria de’Medici
d.
an unknown nobleman
b.
the Duke of Burgundy
e.
the civic militia
c.
Giorgio Vasari
58. Rembrandt’s painting The Night Watch makes skillful use of:
a.
chiaroscuro
b.
tenebrism
c.
dramatic lighting
d.
all of the previous answers
e.
none of the previous answers
59. Rembrandt’s Night Watch (3.6.27) and Tintoretto’s Last Supper (3.6.18) both use chiaroscuro.
Compare and contrast how both artists used lighting in these artworks, and the dramatic effects that
are produced. How does the use of lighting support the meanings of each painting?
60. Nicolas Poussin promoted which of the following approaches?
a.
only including settings, clothing, and characters from the ancient past
b.
dressing his subjects in clothing from his own day
c.
making the light in his paintings look supernatural
d.
only depicting religious scenes
e.
applying paint in a thick way that revealed the hand of the artist
61. Who is Phocion in Nicolas Poussin’s painting of The Funeral of Phocion?
a.
the owner of the house in the background
b.
an especially ruthless tax collector
c.
an Athenian general wrongly accused of treason
d.
one of the men carrying the body
e.
an artist who was executed for painting poorly
62. Compare The Funeral of Phocion by Nicolas Poussin (3.6.28) with El Greco’s Laocoön (3.6.23).
What elements and principles of art has Poussin used to create a sense of balance and order in his
work? What has El Greco done to create a feeling of chaos and movement in his painting?
Compare the artists’ use of naturalism, depth and perspective, and symmetry and balance.
63. Who is the architect responsible for the Church of San Carlo alle Quattro Fontane in Rome?
a.
Filippo Brunelleschi
d.
Gianlorenzo Bernini
b.
Andrea Palladio
e.
Giorgio Vasari
c.
Francesco Borromini
64. Which of the following design elements relate to Baroque art and architecture?
a.
calm figures, static design, horizontal grids
b.
organic, flowing, abstract imagery
c.
nonrepresentational lines, shapes, and colors
d.
diagonal movement, curving forms, dramatic light and shadow
e.
small-scale, non-religious, simple