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Multiple Choice
1. Rome was reportedly founded by _____ in 753 BCE.
a.
Romulus
b.
Tarquinius Superbus
c.
Apollodorus of Damascus
d.
Nero
ANSWER:
a
2. Depicted on the Column of Antoninus Pius, the _____, or emperor’s ascent into heaven to accompany the gods, became
a central theme of imperial ideology.
a.
decumanus
b.
apotheosis
c.
imperator
d.
imperial entry
ANSWER:
b
3. The Etruscans used _____ columns on their temples.
a.
Ionic
b.
Minoan
c.
Tuscan
d.
Corinthian
ANSWER:
c
4. The Apollo of Veii and sarcophagus with a reclining couple differ from Greek statuary in their _____.
a.
frozen pose
b.
naturalistic depiction of the anatomy
c.
Egyptian influence
d.
ability to speak to the viewer
ANSWER:
d
5. The typical Etruscan tomb form at the Banditaccia necropolis was the _____.
a.
tumulus
b.
temple plan
c.
shaft grave
d.
pseudo-peripteral
ANSWER:
a
6. Rather than a somber theme, _____ are featured at the Tomb of the Leopards.
a.
mythological scenes
b.
banqueting couples
c.
Greek deities
d.
Imperial processions
ANSWER:
b
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7. In contrast to Greek architectural sculpture, the Etruscans placed sculptures on the _____ of temples.
a.
pediments
b.
friezes
c.
roofs
d.
podiums
ANSWER:
c
8. The stucco tools and everyday objects decorating the Etruscan Tomb of the Reliefs connected the tomb to _____.
a.
their temples
b.
the slaves who built it
c.
their leaders
d.
their homes
ANSWER:
d
9. Which of the following works of art illustrates how Romanized the Etruscans became in the first century BCE?
a.
Apulu Veii
b.
Aule Metele
c.
Mural painting, Tomb of the Leopards
d.
Sarcophagus with reclining couple
ANSWER:
b
10. The painting in the Tomb of the Leopards celebrates _____.
a.
the joy of life
b.
the triumph of good over evil
c.
victory in battle
d.
the sorrow of death
ANSWER:
a
11. The year 211 BCE was a turning point for both Rome and Roman art because _____.
a.
Rome conquered Greece
b.
Marcellus brought the artistic patrimony of Syracuse to Rome
c.
Last Attalid king willed Pergamon to Rome
d.
Veii fell to the Romans
ANSWER:
b
12. The high podium and single flight of stairs of the Roman Temple of Portunus reflects the influence of the _____.
a.
Greeks
b.
Samnites
c.
Etruscans
d.
Minoans
ANSWER:
c
13. The wealthy or patrician class commissioned _____ to celebrate their elevated status in society.
a.
weapons
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b.
mural paintings
c.
temples
d.
ancestral portraits
ANSWER:
d
14. The heart of a Roman city is the _____.
a.
forum
b.
atrium
c.
basilica
d.
theater
ANSWER:
a
15. The _____ at Pompeii functioned as its law court.
a.
amphitheater
b.
basilica
c.
velarium
d.
orchestra
ANSWER:
b
16. Because they were designed to shut off the street’s noise and dust, Pompeiian houses are described as _____.
a.
meandering
b.
complex in plan
c.
inward looking
d.
multistoried
ANSWER:
c
17. The main gathering area of a Pompeiian house is the _____.
a.
impluvium
b.
triclinium
c.
cubiculum
d.
atrium
ANSWER:
d
18. The First Style of Pompeiian wall painting imitated _____.
a.
marble paneling
b.
landscapes
c.
imperial palaces
d.
Minaoan frescoes
ANSWER:
a
19. The presence of delicate linear fantasies on monochromatic backgrounds characterizes the _____ of Pompeiian wall
painting.
a.
masonry style
b.
Third Style
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c.
Second Style
d.
linear perspective style
ANSWER:
b
20. The two centuries of peace that began under the reign of Augustus is generally called the_____.
a.
tetrarchy
b.
soldier emperors
c.
Pax Romana
d.
senate
ANSWER:
c
21. The Greek model for the portrait of Augustus as imperator was the _____.
a.
equestrian statue of Marcus Aurelius
b.
Hermes and the infant Dionysos
c.
portrait of Pericles
d.
Doryphoros
ANSWER:
d
22. Augustus consciously revived the _____ style in art and architecture to present his reign as a Golden Age.
a.
classical
b.
Orientalizing
c.
geometric
d.
late antique
ANSWER:
a
23. The emperor _____ established the Flavian line after Nero’s suicide and subsequent civil war.
a.
Antoninus Pius
b.
Vespasian
c.
Constantine
d.
Apollodorus of Damascus
ANSWER:
b
24. The triumphal arch called the Arch of Titus was the first instance of the portrayal of _____ interacting with humans.
a.
lions
b.
centaurs
c.
divine beings
d.
ancestors
ANSWER:
c
25. Trajan’s forum glorified his victories in two wars against the _____.
a.
Greeks
b.
Samnites
c.
Severans
d.
Dacians
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ANSWER:
d
26. _____ was Trajan’s official architect and designer of his forum and markets.
a.
Apollodorus of Damascus
b.
Trajan Decius
c.
Diocletian
d.
Gaeta
ANSWER:
a
27. The presence of children in the procession of the imperial family on the Ara Pacis Augustae (Altar of Augustan Peace)
reflects Augustus’s concern about _____.
a.
Roman egalitarianism
b.
military aggression
c.
the decline in the birthrate among nobility
d.
patrician ethics
ANSWER:
c
28. What function did coffering perform?
a.
It helped expand interior space.
b.
It lightened the weight of a dome or arch.
c.
It supplied an accurate means of measuring interior space.
d.
It allowed the Romans to construct extensive road systems.
ANSWER:
b
29. In contrast to the Greek practice of building a theater along the slope of a hill, _____ supported the rising seating of a
Roman amphitheater.
a.
a cavea
b.
barrel vaults
c.
the frigidarium
d.
the arena
ANSWER:
b
30. Echoing developments in portraits of Marcus Aurelius, the portrait bust of Caracalla is remarkable in its ability to
reveal his _____.
a.
generosity
b.
aspirations to be a god
c.
personality
d.
old age
ANSWER:
c
31. The sadness and anxiety conveyed in the portrait of Trajan Decius reflects the unstable times of the so-called _____.
a.
soldier emperors
b.
Republic
c.
Flavian dynasty
Name:
Class:
Date:
a.
Terracotta
b.
Bronze
c.
Marble
d.
Wood
ANSWER:
a
PREFACE NAME:
SLIDE IDENTIFICATION
a.
Third century BCE
b.
Fourth century BCE
c.
Fifth century BCE
d.
Sixth century BCE
ANSWER:
d
PREFACE NAME:
SLIDE IDENTIFICATION
a.
Tomb of the Leopards
d.
intermediate period
ANSWER:
a
32. During his reign Constantine transferred the empire’s seat of power from Rome to _____.
a.
Ravenna
b.
Constantinople
c.
Alexandria
d.
Persia
ANSWER:
b
33. Constantine and Licinius issued the _____, which ended the persecutions of Christians.
a.
meditations
b.
tetrarchy
c.
Edict of Milan
d.
consular diptych
ANSWER:
c
34. In 293, Diocletian shared power with his rivals, creating a form of government called the _____.
a.
dictatorship
b.
senate
c.
consul
d.
tetrarchy
ANSWER:
d
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b.
Tomb of the Reliefs
c.
Tomb of Hunting and Fishing
d.
Tomb of the Lions
ANSWER:
b
PREFACE NAME:
SLIDE IDENTIFICATION
38. (Figure 3-8)
a.
Apollo of Veii
b.
Capitoline Orator
c.
Lars Pulena
d.
Aule Metele
ANSWER:
d
PREFACE NAME:
SLIDE IDENTIFICATION
39. (Figure 3-4)
a.
Sarcophagus with reclining couple
b.
Augustus and Livia
c.
Jupiter and Hera
d.
Tarquinius Superbus and his wife
ANSWER:
a
PREFACE NAME:
SLIDE IDENTIFICATION
40. (Figure 3-10)
a.
Etruscan
b.
Early Roman Empire
c.
Roman Republic
d.
Late Roman Empire
ANSWER:
c
PREFACE NAME:
SLIDE IDENTIFICATION
41. (Figure 3-37)
a.
Barrel vault
b.
Dome
c.
Groin vault
d.
Post and lintel
ANSWER:
c
PREFACE NAME:
SLIDE IDENTIFICATION
42. (Figure 3-53)
a.
Arch of Titus
b.
Arch of Constantine
c.
Arch of Augustus
d.
Arch of Marcus Aurelius
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Class:
Date:
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ANSWER:
b
PREFACE NAME:
SLIDE IDENTIFICATION
43. (Figure 3-29)
a.
Pompeii
b.
Rome
c.
Praeneste
d.
Nîmes
ANSWER:
d
PREFACE NAME:
SLIDE IDENTIFICATION
44. (Figure 3-18)
a.
First Style
b.
Second Style
c.
Third Style
d.
Fourth Style
ANSWER:
a
PREFACE NAME:
SLIDE IDENTIFICATION
45. (Figure 3-33)
a.
Relief, Column of Trajan
b.
Relief, Arch of Constantine
c.
Relief, Arch of Titus
d.
Relief, Ara Pacis Augustae
ANSWER:
c
PREFACE NAME:
SLIDE IDENTIFICATION
46. (Figure 3-17)
a.
Apse
b.
Atrium
c.
Frigidarium
d.
Caldarium
ANSWER:
b
PREFACE NAME:
SLIDE IDENTIFICATION
47. (Figure 3-42)
a.
Mummy portrait
b.
Sarcophagus portrait
c.
Tomb portrait
d.
Atrium portrait
ANSWER:
a
PREFACE NAME:
SLIDE IDENTIFICATION
48. (Figure 3-44)
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Class:
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a.
Caracalla
b.
Vespasian
c.
Augustus
d.
Trajan
ANSWER:
a
PREFACE NAME:
SLIDE IDENTIFICATION
49. (Figure 3-46)
a.
Basilica
b.
Temple
c.
Baths
d.
Forum
ANSWER:
c
PREFACE NAME:
SLIDE IDENTIFICATION
Subjective Short Answer
50. What are the differences between Etruscan tumuli and Mycenaean tholoi, such as the Treasury of Atreus?
ANSWER:
Answers may vary
51. Describe the relationship between the importance the Romans attached to their ancestors and veristic portraits?
ANSWER:
Answers may vary
52. Describe the manner of portraying members of the patrician class during the Republic.
ANSWER:
Answers may vary
53. Why do scholars debate whether veristic portraits are primarily records of a specific person’s likeness?
ANSWER:
Answers may vary
54. Describe the differences between a Greek theater and the Roman amphitheater at Pompeii.
ANSWER:
Answers may vary
55. What advantages did creating structures from concrete offer the Romans?
ANSWER:
Answers may vary
56. Describe linear perspective and atmospheric perspective, and identify examples of Pompeiian wall painting where
these techniques were used.
ANSWER:
Answers may vary
57. How was the creation of the Colosseum a shrewd political move for the emperor Vespasian?
ANSWER:
Answers may vary
58. How does the reliefs on the Column of Trajan accurately record the general character of Trajan’s campaigns against
the Dacians?
ANSWER:
Answers may vary
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59. What techniques did the Romans employ to build the Pantheon’s dome?
ANSWER:
Answers may vary
60. What is damnatio memoriae, and how did it affect art?
ANSWER:
Answers may vary
61. How is the emperor Constantine a mirror of the transition from the classical to the medieval world?
ANSWER:
Answers may vary
62. Why did Constantine reuse relief sculptures from earlier emperors’ monuments?
ANSWER:
Answers may vary
63. What are the compositional principles of the Late Antique style?
ANSWER:
Answers may vary
SLIDE QUESTIONS
64. How does this sculpture depart from Archaic Greek statues in style and location?
ANSWER:
Apulu (Apollo of Veii), Portonaccio temple (3–3)
PREFACE NAME:
SLIDE QUESTIONS
65. Which political messages were transmitted through this sculpture?
ANSWER:
Portrait of Augustus as imperator (3-25)
PREFACE NAME:
SLIDE QUESTIONS
66. Although likely modeled on the Ionic frieze from the Parthenon, how does this differ?
ANSWER:
Procession of the imperial family (3-28)
PREFACE NAME:
SLIDE QUESTIONS
67. What common method of decoration did the Romans establish on the exterior of this building?
ANSWER:
Facade of the Colosseum (Flavian Amphitheater) (3-30)
PREFACE NAME:
SLIDE QUESTIONS
68. Describe the techniques used by the sculptors to achieve a high degree of illusionism in this relief?
ANSWER:
Spoils of Jerusalem, Arch of Titus (3-33)
PREFACE NAME:
SLIDE QUESTIONS
69. Despite appearing powerful, what message does the emperor’s face convey?
ANSWER:
Equestrian statue of Marcus Aurelius (3-41)
PREFACE NAME:
SLIDE QUESTIONS
70. What features reveal a dissatisfaction with the norms of classical art?
ANSWER:
Sarcophagus with battle of Romans and barbarians (3–48)
PREFACE NAME:
SLIDE QUESTIONS
71. What type of vault was employed here, and what advantages did it offer?
ANSWER:
Apollodorus of Damascus, great hall, Markets of Trajan (3-37)
Name:
Class:
Date:
Name:
Class:
Date:
83. Roman emperors were aware of the power of visual art to communicate ideas about their reign and ideology. Citing
examples, explain how artists used specific artworks or monuments to mold public opinion.
ANSWER:
Answers may vary
UNKNOWN IMAGES
84. Attribute the images on the screen to a culture and give an approximate date. Give the reasons for your attributions,
using complete sentences and referring to specific works discussed in class.
Suggested images, not in the text:
ANSWER:
1. A fifth-century sculpture, possibly the Mars of Todi
2. Another image from an Etruscan tomb interior, perhaps the Tomb of the Triclinium, Tarquinia
3. A Roman temple, possibly the Temple of the Sibyl or the Sanctuary of Fortuna Primigenia
4. A Roman portrait of the Julio-Claudian style, perhaps Nero or Claudius
5. A Roman aqueduct, possibly Segovia
PREFACE NAME:
UNKNOWN IMAGES