2.1: Drawing
1. Artists draw for many reasons, including:
a.
to define their ideas
b.
to plan for larger projects
c.
to resolve design issues in preparatory sketches
d.
to record their visual observations
e.
all of the other answers
2. In Leonardo da Vinci’s design for a flying machine he used a ________ as his inspiration.
a.
leaf
d.
flying fish
b.
flying squirrel
e.
bird’s wing
c.
balloon
3. Leonardo da Vinci’s sketched studies of a foetus in the womb, c. 1510–13, were commissioned by
the Catholic Church.
4. When Raphael was preparing to paint his fresco The School of Athens he did a large drawing called
________ to help place the design on the wall.
a.
a cartoon
d.
an intonaco
b.
a layout
e.
an arrezzo
c.
a sketch
5. To transfer the design of The School of Athens to the wall, Raphael ________ a large drawing, then
used powdered charcoal dust to leave an impression of the original image.
a.
framed
d.
cut out
b.
perforated
e.
glued
c.
added color to
6. Before African-American artist John Biggers installed his mural Night of the Poor in Burrowes
Hall at Pennsylvania State University, he did a large drawing in this medium.
a.
pencil
d.
pastel
b.
silverpoint
e.
crayon
c.
charcoal
7. This drawing medium utilizes a piece of silver wire set in a holder.
a.
sanguine
d.
silverpoint
b.
pencil
e.
gum arabic
c.
bister
8. When creating his silverpoint drawing Heads of the Virgin and Child, Raphael employed
________, a process in which the artist uses closely arranged parallel lines to create value.
a.
hatching
d.
scratching
b.
arriccio
e.
sgraffito
c.
intonaco
9. If an artist wanted to create an area of darkness using the medium of silverpoint, he or she would
use the technique of ________.
a.
hatching
d.
scratching
b.
arriccio
e.
sgraffito
c.
intonaco
10. Pencils are a common medium, but they may not be appropriate for every drawing. What are the
attributes of pencils that make them a desirable art medium? Can you think of a situation where a
pencil might not be the best choice for a drawing?
11. Pencils have a range of values from very light to very dark. If you wanted a dark value, which of
these pencil numbers would be the darkest?
a.
9B
d.
2B
b.
HB
e.
2H
c.
9H
12. In her self-portrait, the artist Ilka Gedö used pencil and varied the ________ in order to suggest
texture, create emphasis, and to produce darker values.
a.
tooth
d.
pressure
b.
value
e.
tone
c.
color
13. Color pencil is much like graphite pencil, but the lead is made from pigment and ________.
a.
chalk
d.
oil
b.
lead
e.
wax
c.
zinc
14. What does D. J. Hall’s rich use of colored pencil communicate to the viewer in her drawing Piece
of Cake?
a.
the intense light of a California afternoon
b.
a feeling of doom
c.
an atmosphere of chaos
d.
that it is a night scene
e.
that it is set in the future
15. Samples of this drawing medium have been dated back to 30,000 BCE.
a.
silverpoint
d.
color pencil
b.
charcoal
e.
pastel
c.
pencil
16. Which two types of charcoal are used most commonly as drawing materials?
a.
vine
d.
lamp
b.
compressed
e.
chunk
c.
bone
f.
dry
17. If an artist wanted to draw a dynamic scene of a storm at night, charcoal would be a good medium
to use.
18. Both Kollwitz’s Self-portrait and Lhermitte’s An Elderly Peasant Woman are portraits of elderly
women, were created using charcoal, and were completed within fifty years of each other. Yet they
are visually very different. In what ways do these works differ from each other? How does this
affect how the works are viewed?
19. By depicting full, dark hair and thinning, grayed hair in her drawing in charcoal and graphite titled
Life Strands, Zhang Chun Hong successfully creates a metaphor for:
a.
the passage of time
d.
interstellar space travel
b.
robotics
e.
romantic love
c.
musical wistfulness
20. Sticks of chalk, pastel, and crayon are all made by combining pigment with ________.
a.
turpentine
d.
sawdust
b.
water
e.
binder
c.
chalk
21. Artists’ chalk is powdered calcium carbonate combined with this binder.
a.
oil
d.
glue
b.
wax
e.
egg
c.
gum arabic
22. Artists’ crayon is made by mixing pigment with ________.
a.
glue
d.
wax
b.
gum arabic
e.
egg
c.
oil
23. This red chalk was used by Renaissance artists, including Michelangelo in his Studies for the
Libyan Sibyl.
a.
sanguine
d.
sgraffito
b.
arriccio
e.
cinnabar
c.
intonaco
24. The French Impressionist Edgar Degas used this dry drawing medium when he created The Tub in
1886.
a.
Conté crayon
d.
sanguine
b.
pastel
e.
silverpoint
c.
charcoal
25. Pastels are limited to black and white because color cannot be added to a pastel binder.
26. The French artist Georges Seurat created a study for his huge painting La Grande Jatte using this
waxy medium.
a.
Conté crayon
d.
silverpoint
b.
charcoal
e.
ink
c.
pencil
27. Erasers can be used by artists as drawing tools. In 1953 Robert Rauschenberg created a work by
erasing a drawing by this famous Abstract Expressionist painter.
a.
Michelangelo
d.
Willem de Kooning
b.
Georges Seurat
e.
Edgar Degas
c.
Vincent van Gogh
28. Robert Rauschenberg made his own artwork by erasing parts of another artist’s creation. Do you
think that the eraser is a valid artistic medium when used in this way? Which of the two artists do
you think deserves more credit for this work? What factors affect your decision?
29. This contemporary version of carbon ink is a favorite of comic book artists.
a.
india ink
d.
bister
b.
soot ink
e.
sepia
c.
gall ink
30. If you wanted to create a colorful drawing that could be easily erased or altered, gall ink would be
a good medium to use.
31. East Asian artists have traditionally applied ink using a ________.
a.
quill
d.
cloth
b.
stick
e.
brush
c.
trowel
32. An artist who is using brush and ink will often control the value of the ink by ________.
a.
diluting with water
b.
using different values of ink
c.
changing the drawing tool
d.
using different values of paper
e.
scratching the surface of the paper
33. In the ink brush painting of bamboo by Wu Zhen, the work is created in a way that expresses the
central beliefs of balanced opposites from this religion.
a.
Hinduism
d.
Christianity
b.
Taoism
e.
Islam
c.
Jainism
34. The album of ink brush paintings of bamboo by the Chinese artist Wu Zhen was created as an
instructional model to help this person learn the art of brushwork.
a.
his student
d.
his son
b.
the Emperor
e.
his wife
c.
Confucius
35. This French artist created a sense of depth in the work The Tiber from Monte Mario Looking South
using thoughtful brushstrokes and ink wash.
a.
Claude Lorrain
d.
Vincent van Gogh
b.
Mary Cassatt
e.
Edgar Degas
c.
Georges Seurat
36. Quills are a common tool for ink drawing. They were originally made from ________.
a.
rocks
d.
metal tubes
b.
tree branches
e.
plastic
c.
bird feathers
37. Artists, such as Vincent van Gogh, vary the width of a reed pen stroke by ________.
a.
dipping the pen more often
d.
lightly touching the paper
b.
using the other end of the pen
e.
adding water
c.
pressing harder
38. The techniques of hatching and cross-hatching can be used only in dry media.
39. Before the invention of paper, drawings were done on ________.
a.
animal hide
d.
wood
b.
papyrus
e.
all of the other answers
c.
cloth
40. In which country was paper invented by Cai Lun, who made it out of macerated plant fibers
suspended in water?
a.
India
d.
Japan
b.
China
e.
Turkey
c.
Korea
41. Hishikawa Moronobu’s seventeenth-century woodblock print depicts the art of ________.
a.
harvesting crops
d.
making quill pens
b.
firing clay
e.
papermaking
c.
pen-and-ink drawing
42. Which of the following fibers is not used to make paper?
a.
flax
d.
wool
b.
hemp
e.
cotton
c.
abaca
43. In addition to its fiber content and weight, paper is also classified by its surface texture. What is the
type of paper that is created on a screen with a grid-like structure?
a.
wove
d.
graph
b.
laid
e.
carbon
c.
ridge
44. This is the practice of drawing from a live model or other actual objects.
a.
fantasy drawing
d.
genre drawing
b.
gesture drawing
e.
life drawing
c.
contour drawing
45. This type of drawing aims to identify and react to the main visual and expressive characteristics of
a form.
a.
genre
d.
gesture
b.
contour
e.
fantasy
c.
life
46. This Swiss artist, who drew the work The City Square, captures the moment by focusing on and
quickly recording the scene in front of him/herself.
a.
Alberto Giacometti
d.
Georges Seurat
b.
Claude Lorrain
e.
Mary Cassatt
c.
Edgar Degas
47. In the gestural drawing Muscular Dynamism by Umberto Boccioni, the artist used chalk and
charcoal to depict the undulating surface of ________.
a.
the human body
d.
a landscape
b.
machinery
e.
a cityscape
c.
architecture
48. This type of drawing involves the use of long continuous lines to capture the changing surface and
outline of an object.
a.
contour
d.
genre
b.
gesture
e.
fantasy
c.
life
49. This Austrian artist focused on the contoured outline of a mother and child in his/her drawing
Mutter und Kind.
a.
Egon Schiele
d.
Georges Seurat
b.
Claude Lorrain
e.
Mary Cassatt
c.
Edgar Degas
50. In the drawing Mutter und Kind, the artist uses only contour lines because it is impossible to create
areas of value using black Conté crayon.
Match the artwork with its drawing medium:
a.
reed pen and ink
d.
graphite
b.
charcoal
e.
pastel
c.
red chalk
51. Ilka Gedö, Self-portrait
52. Edgar Degas, The Tub
53. Vincent van Gogh, Sower with Setting Sun
54. Michelangelo, Studies for the Libyan Sibyl
55. Käthe Kollwitz, Self-portrait in Profile to Left