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Chapter 14: Modernism in Europe and America, 1900 to 1945
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Page 1
Multiple Choice
1. In which work did Picasso introduce a new manner of representing form in space?
a.
Les Desmoiselles d’Avignon
b.
Guernica
c.
Unique Forms of Continuity in Space
d.
The City
ANSWER:
a
2. The striated faces of some of the female figures in Les Desmoiselles d’Avignon were influenced by _____.
a.
Roman portrait busts
b.
African art
c.
Fauvism
d.
Byzantine icons
ANSWER:
b
3. _____ is the questioning of norms and conventions in art.
a.
Automatism
b.
Futurism
c.
Avant-garde
d.
Regionalism
ANSWER:
c
4. In the employment of bright colors for expressive ends, _____ was influenced by Van Gogh and Gauguin.
a.
Biomorphic Surrealism
b.
Regionalism
c.
Analytic Cubism
d.
Fauvism
ANSWER:
d
5. The first group of German Expressionist artists called themselves _____.
a.
Die Brücke
b.
Neue Sachlichkeit
c.
De Stijl
d.
Suprematism
ANSWER:
a
6. Artists of _____ critiqued the negative aspects of German society at the beginning of the 20th century.
a.
Fauvism
b.
Die Brücke
c.
Surrealism
d.
Regionalism
ANSWER:
b
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7. Kandinsky and Marc named their Expressionist movement _____ because of their interest in the color blue and horses.
a.
Suprematism
b.
De Stijl
c.
Der Blaue Reiter
d.
Futurism
ANSWER:
c
8. The artist _____ made animals the subject of much of his art.
a.
Wifredo Lam
b.
Giorgio de Chirico
c.
René Magritte
d.
Franz Marc
ANSWER:
d
9. In Franz Marc’s Fate of the Animals, the colors that he associated with _____ dominate the painting.
a.
brutality and severity
b.
cheerfulness
c.
spirituality and the male principle
d.
religion
ANSWER:
a
10. Cubism dismissed the centuries-old Western belief that art had to _____.
a.
express emotions
b.
describe reality
c.
explore abstract form
d.
use innovative materials
ANSWER:
b
11. The first phase of Cubism is called _____.
a.
Futurist Cubism
b.
Collage Cubism
c.
Analytic Cubism
d.
Synthetic Cubism
ANSWER:
c
12. Picasso and Braques used the innovative elements of Picasso’s Les Desmoiselles d’Avignon to create _____ in 1908.
a.
Futurism
b.
Purism
c.
Fauvism
d.
Cubism
ANSWER:
d
13. _____ dominated the palette of Analytic Cubist paintings.
a.
Subdued hues
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Chapter 14: Modernism in Europe and America, 1900 to 1945
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b.
Expressive colors
c.
Contrasting colors
d.
Naturalistic colors
ANSWER:
a
14. The Purists thought that _____ should influence artistic design.
a.
nature
b.
machines
c.
dreams
d.
animals
ANSWER:
b
15. _____ artists believe that reason had led to destruction caused by World War I.
a.
Regionalist
b.
Fauvist
c.
Futurist
d.
Dada
ANSWER:
d
16. _____ was the movement that championed war as an agent to rid society of its past and traditions.
a.
Futurism
b.
Fauvism
c.
Die Brücke
d.
Suprematism
ANSWER:
a
17. Although Dada artists did not share a particular style, they generally embraced _____.
a.
the use of traditional media
b.
the element of absurdity
c.
easily comprehensible subjects
d.
medieval craft techniques
ANSWER:
b
18. Berlin Dada artists created a variation on collage called _____.
a.
readymades
b.
Neoplasticism
c.
photomontage
d.
metaphysical painting
ANSWER:
c
19. Jean Arp’s Collage Arranged According to the Laws of Chance exhibits the Dada interest in _____.
a.
representational subjects
b.
symmetry of forms
c.
traditional painting techniques
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Chapter 14: Modernism in Europe and America, 1900 to 1945
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d.
chance
ANSWER:
d
20. Championed by Duchamp _____ were mass-produced objects selected by the artist.
a.
readymades
b.
photomontages
c.
automatisms
d.
collages
ANSWER:
a
21. The Russian artist _____ developed a purely abstract style called Suprematism.
a.
Vassily Kandinsky
b.
Kazimir Malevich
c.
Alfred Stieglitz
d.
Piet Mondrian
ANSWER:
b
22. The _____ is identified as the event that brought modern art to the United States.
a.
opening of Gallery 291
b.
Works Progress Administration
c.
Armory Show
d.
World War I
ANSWER:
c
23. Artists of the _____ created art that celebrated the cultural history of African Americans.
a.
Armory Show
b.
Regionalist movement
c.
Works Progress Administration
d.
Harlem Renaissance
ANSWER:
d
24. Aaron Douglas embraced the aims of the Harlem Renaissance by incorporating motifs from _____ in his art.
a.
African sculpture
b.
ancient Greek pottery
c.
Italian Renaissance masters
d.
Rembrandt
ANSWER:
a
25. _____ promoted the avant-garde in the United States in his Gallery 291.
a.
Tommaso Marinetti
b.
Alfred Stieglitz
c.
André Breton
d.
Edward Hopper
ANSWER:
b
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26. The German movement known as _____ aimed to present an objective image of the world.
a.
Neoplasticism
b.
Suprematism
c.
Neue Sachlichkeit
d.
Bauhaus
ANSWER:
c
27. Surrealists wanted to capture the _____ in art.
a.
universal
b.
natural world
c.
essence of objects
d.
dream world
ANSWER:
d
28. _____ is the type of Surrealism that consists largely of abstract shapes.
a.
Biomorphic Surrealism
b.
Naturalistic Surrealism
c.
Metaphysical painting
d.
Automatism
ANSWER:
a
29. Embraced by the artist Mìro, _____ was the creation of art without conscious control.
a.
photomontage
b.
automatism
c.
collage
d.
Bauhaus
ANSWER:
b
30. _____ was the precursor to Surrealism.
a.
Cubism
b.
Regionalism
c.
Metaphysical painting
d.
De Stijl
ANSWER:
c
31. _____ artists reduced the formal elements to simple geometric shapes.
a.
Der Blaue Reiter
b.
Fauvist
c.
Futurist
d.
De Stijl
ANSWER:
d
32. Brancusi’s chief aim in his sculpture was to capture the _____ of his subject.
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Chapter 14: Modernism in Europe and America, 1900 to 1945
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a.
essence
b.
factual appearance
c.
movement
d.
different viewpoints
ANSWER:
a
33. Barbara Hepworth’s major contribution to the history of sculpture was the use of _____.
a.
found materials
b.
the void
c.
collage
d.
the readymade
ANSWER:
b
34. ____ created a new kind of sculpture by hanging abstract colored forms on wire.
a.
Henry Moore
b.
Constantin Brancusi
c.
Alexander Calder
d.
Pablo Picasso
ANSWER:
c
35. _____ became famous for her photographs of the triumphs of 20th-century engineering.
a.
Käthe Kollwitz
b.
Dorothea Lange
c.
Margaret Oppenheimer
d.
Margaret Bourke-White
ANSWER:
d
36. _____ was the founder of Bauhaus.
a.
Walter Gropius
b.
Le Corbusier
c.
Frank Lloyd Wright
d.
Aaron Doughlas
ANSWER:
a
37. ______ photographed the rural poor who were displaced by the Great Depression in the 1930s.
a.
Alfred Stieglitz
b.
Edward Weston
c.
Dorothea Lange
d.
Gertrude Kasebier
ANSWER:
c
38. Max Beckmann’s painting Night was autobiographical because he _____.
a.
included himself and his family in the work
b.
committed atrocities while in the military service
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Chapter 14: Modernism in Europe and America, 1900 to 1945
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c.
was afraid of the dark
d.
represented his fantasies
ANSWER:
a
39. Which of the following artists developed the theory of Neoplasticism, or the new pure plastic art?
a.
Picasso
b.
De Chirico
c.
Mondrian
d.
Marc
ANSWER:
c
40. Edward Hopper’s Nighthawks communicates the _____.
a.
pervasive loneliness of modern humans
b.
seediness of city life
c.
energetic rhythm of city life
d.
excitement of Broadway
ANSWER:
a
41. Which of the following is an example of Synthetic Cubism?
a.
The Dance
b.
Nude Descending a Staircase
c.
Les Demoiselles d’Avignon
d.
Still Life with Chair-Caning
ANSWER:
d
SLIDE IDENTIFICATION
42. (Figure 14-29)
a.
Le Corbusier
b.
Picasso
c.
Mondrian
d.
Malevich
ANSWER:
c
PREFACE NAME:
SLIDE IDENTIFICATION
43. (Figure 14-6)
a.
Marc
b.
Kandinsky
c.
Arp
d.
Braque
ANSWER:
a
PREFACE NAME:
SLIDE IDENTIFICATION
44. (Figure 14-13)
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Chapter 14: Modernism in Europe and America, 1900 to 1945
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Page 8
a.
De Chirico
b.
Brancusi
c.
Boccioni
d.
Beckman
ANSWER:
c
PREFACE NAME:
SLIDE IDENTIFICATION
45. (Figure 14-7)
a.
Kollwitz
b.
Kahlo
c.
Hoch
d.
Lange
ANSWER:
a
PREFACE NAME:
SLIDE IDENTIFICATION
46. (Figure 14-10)
a.
Braque
b.
Picasso
c.
Mondrian
d.
Arp
ANSWER:
b
PREFACE NAME:
SLIDE IDENTIFICATION
47. (Figure 14-19)
a.
Stieglitz
b.
Douglas
c.
Lawrence
d.
Hopper
ANSWER:
b
PREFACE NAME:
SLIDE IDENTIFICATION
48. (Figure 14-20)
a.
The Passengers
b.
The Steamship
c.
The Immigrants
d.
The Steerage
ANSWER:
d
PREFACE NAME:
SLIDE IDENTIFICATION
49. (Figure 14-41)
a.
Gropius
b.
Mies van der Rohe
c.
Le Corbusier
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Chapter 14: Modernism in Europe and America, 1900 to 1945
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Page 9
d.
Wright
ANSWER:
b
PREFACE NAME:
SLIDE IDENTIFICATION
50. (Figure 14-39)
a.
Dorothea Lange
b.
Edward Hopper
c.
Jacob Lawrence
d.
Frida Kahlo
ANSWER:
d
PREFACE NAME:
SLIDE IDENTIFICATION
51. (Figure 14-17)
a.
Arp
b.
Malevich
c.
Mondrian
d.
Höch
ANSWER:
b
PREFACE NAME:
SLIDE IDENTIFICATION
52. (Figure 14-38)
a.
Lawrence
b.
Hartley
c.
Rivera
d.
Kahlo
ANSWER:
c
PREFACE NAME:
SLIDE IDENTIFICATION
53. (Figure 14-37)
a.
American Dream
b.
American Farmer
c.
American Gothic
d.
American Life
ANSWER:
c
PREFACE NAME:
SLIDE IDENTIFICATION
54. (Figure 14-8)
a.
Kirchner
b.
Matisse
c.
Picasso
d.
Braque
ANSWER:
d
PREFACE NAME:
SLIDE IDENTIFICATION
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Date:
55. (Figure 14–12)
a.
Dada
b.
Surrealism
c.
Futurism
d.
Cubism
ANSWER:
c
PREFACE NAME:
SLIDE IDENTIFICATION
56. (Figure 14-1)
a.
Dada
b.
Surrealism
c.
Futurism
d.
Cubism
ANSWER:
b
PREFACE NAME:
SLIDE IDENTIFICATION
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Date:
Chapter 14: Modernism in Europe and America, 1900 to 1945
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Page 11
ANSWER:
Answers may vary
67. How was the Armory Show received?
ANSWER:
Answers may vary
68. Describe Alfred Stieglitz’s approach to photography.
ANSWER:
Answers may vary
69. Which Dada approaches to art did the Surrealists borrow?
ANSWER:
Answers may vary
70. Identify and describe the two types of Surrealism that developed.
ANSWER:
Answers may vary
71. How did the government help support artists in the wake of the Great Depression?
ANSWER:
Answers may vary
72. What was the artistic focus of Regionalist artists?
ANSWER:
Answers may vary
73. Describe the method of training that Walter Gropius developed for Bauhaus artists.
ANSWER:
Answers may vary
SLIDE QUESTIONS
74. What new way of representing forms in space appeared in this image?
ANSWER:
Pablo Picasso, Les Desmoiselles d’Avignon (14-1)
PREFACE NAME:
SLIDE QUESTIONS
75. How does this deviate from traditional domestic interior scenes?
ANSWER:
Henri Matisse, Red Room (14-3)
PREFACE NAME:
SLIDE QUESTIONS
76. How does this differ from Impressionist renderings of street scenes?
ANSWER:
Ernst Ludwig Kirchner, Street, Dresden (14-4)
PREFACE NAME:
SLIDE QUESTIONS
77. How does the artist challenge the viewer’s understanding of reality?
ANSWER:
Pablo Picasso, Still Life with Chair-Caning (14-9)
PREFACE NAME:
SLIDE QUESTIONS
78. Which movements did the artist combine in this painting?
ANSWER:
Fernand Léger, The City (14-11)
PREFACE NAME:
SLIDE QUESTIONS
79. Which movement does this reflect and why?
ANSWER:
Umberto Boccioni, Unique Forms of Continuity in Space (14-13)
Name:
Class:
Date:
Name:
Class:
Date:
Chapter 14: Modernism in Europe and America, 1900 to 1945
91. Examine the importance of abstraction for different artists or movements. Using examples, explain how abstraction
fulfilled the artistic aims of numerous artists.
ANSWER:
Answers may vary
92. Which artists helped establish photography as a valid artistic medium? Describe their different approaches to the
photographic medium.
ANSWER:
Answers may vary
93. Citing examples, describe how artists addressed issues of race or ethnicity in their art. Despite the growing interest in
abstraction, several artists’ styles were still firmly rooted in naturalism. Providing examples, identify the artists who
continued to paint naturalistically, and then describe the hallmarks of their brand of naturalism.
ANSWER:
Answers may vary
94. Compare the work of Jacob Lawrence and Edward Hopper. How did each artist respond to his period? What artistic
devices did each artist use to create the emotion of his work? What was the sociopolitical context each artist addressed in
his work? Use examples to support your essay.
ANSWER:
Answers may vary
95. Discuss the relationship of Le Corbusier’s Villa Savoye to Frank Lloyd Wright’s Kaufmann House (Fallingwater).
How did the architects marry the shape, volume, and space of each house to its environment? How do these structures
represent each architect and his philosophy?
ANSWER:
Answers may vary
96. Picasso said, “Painting is not made to decorate apartments. It is an instrument for offensive and defensive war against
the enemy.” Explain the relationship of art and politics between 1900 and 1945. Use examples to support your essay.
ANSWER:
Answers may vary
UNKNOWN IMAGES
97. Attribute the images on the screen to a culture and give an approximate date. Give the reasons for your attributions,
using complete sentences and referring to specific works discussed in class.
ANSWER:
Suggested images, not in the text:
1. Another Picasso painting, possibly Gertrude Stein
2. Another Mondrian nonobjective work
3. Another Henry Moore sculpture
4. Another work of Frank Lloyd Wright, possibly the Robie House
5. Another work of Franz Marc
PREFACE NAME:
UNKNOWN IMAGES
