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Chapter 12: Romanticism, Realism, and Photography, 1800 to 1870
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Page 1
Multiple Choice
1. In the 19th century, Neoclassicism gave way to a new movement called _____.
a.
academic art
b.
the Hudson River School
c.
Romanticism
d.
the Pre-Raphaelite Brotherhood
ANSWER:
c
2. Géricault criticized the rigidity of the Neocalssical style and instead injected _____ into his artwork.
a.
drama and emotion
b.
symmetrical compositions
c.
strong contour lines
d.
abstract forms
ANSWER:
a
3. In the wake of the French Revolution, _____ seized power in France.
a.
Charles X
b.
King George IV
c.
Ferdinand VII
d.
Napoleon
ANSWER:
d
4. With his ambitions to rival ancient Rome, Napoleon embraced the _____ style.
a.
Barbizon
b.
mystical
c.
Neoclassical
d.
Realist
ANSWER:
c
5. _____ was Napoleon’s favorite sculptor.
a.
Charles Barry
b.
Edmonia Lewis
c.
Antonio Canova
d.
John Nash
ANSWER:
c
6. In his Napoleon Visiting the Plague-Stricken in Jaffa, Gros borrowed the arcaded backdrop from _____.
a.
David’s Oath of the Horatii
b.
Delacroix’s Liberty Leading the People
c.
Courbet’s The Stone Breakers
d.
Ingre’s Grande Odalisque
ANSWER:
a
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Chapter 12: Romanticism, Realism, and Photography, 1800 to 1870
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Page 2
7. The European curiosity about non-Western cultures is called _____.
a.
the Pre-Raphaelite Brotherhood
b.
the sublime
c.
Realism
d.
Orientalism
ANSWER:
d
8. _____ left the studio of his teacher, David, claiming to have a truer Greek style.
a.
Antoine-Jean Gros
b.
Jean-Auguste-Dominique Ingres
c.
Eugène Delacroix
d.
Gustave Courbet
ANSWER:
b
9. Romanticism was indebted to the ideas of _____.
a.
Newton and Locke
b.
empiricists
c.
Jean-Jacques Rousseau
d.
John Everett Millais
ANSWER:
c
10. Romantic artists advocated for freedom and placed _____ over reason.
a.
religious belief
b.
artistic skill
c.
imagination
d.
common subjects
ANSWER:
c
11. What is Edmund Burke’s definition of the sublime?
a.
Awe mixed with terror
b.
Courage and kindness
c.
Sentimentality
d.
Heroic action
ANSWER:
a
12. Goya’s Third of May, 1808 represents _____.
a.
the French suppression of a Spanish revolt
b.
the peasant revolt
c.
the American Civil War
d.
an allegory of the French Revolution
ANSWER:
a
13. In the landscapes of the British artist John Constable, _____.
a.
nature and landscape become one
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Chapter 12: Romanticism, Realism, and Photography, 1800 to 1870
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Page 3
b.
color is reduced to only a few values
c.
the emotive power of color takes over
d.
figures play a prominent role
ANSWER:
a
14. The artist Caspar David Friedrich believed that closeness with nature would lead to _____.
a.
a better understanding of God
b.
better survival skills
c.
mental illness
d.
greater artistic talent
ANSWER:
a
15. In America _____ specialized in landscape painting.
a.
the Hudson River School
b.
the Barbizon School
c.
positivism
d.
the Pre-Raphaelite Brotherhood
ANSWER:
a
16. Society’s increasing emphasis on science in the 19th century led to the emergence of _____.
a.
Romanticism
b.
Realism
c.
Orientalism
d.
Indian Gothic
ANSWER:
b
17. The only valid subjects in Realism were _____.
a.
mythological scenes
b.
what could be seen
c.
allegories
d.
religious stories
ANSWER:
b
18. The _____ were French artists who specialized in scenes of the forest and countryside.
a.
Neoclassicists
b.
Hudson River School
c.
Pre-Raphaelite Brotherhood
d.
Barbizon school
ANSWER:
d
19. After having numerous works rejected by the 1855 Salon, Gustave Courbet set up his own exhibition called _____.
a.
Déjeuner sur l’Herbe
b.
the Crystal Palace
c.
the Barbizon School
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Chapter 12: Romanticism, Realism, and Photography, 1800 to 1870
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Page 4
d.
Pavilion of Realism
ANSWER:
d
20. The Realist artist ____ was a defender of the urban working class.
a.
Honoré Daumier
b.
Jean-Francois Millet
c.
Eugène Delacroix
d.
Rosa Bonheur
ANSWER:
a
21. Daumier contributed to the liberal journal Caricature, which ridiculed _____.
a.
the Catholic Church
b.
French bourgeoisie
c.
artists
d.
Realists
ANSWER:
b
22. Among the shocking aspects for critics and viewers of Monet’s Olympia was _____.
a.
the unnatural color scheme
b.
the domestic space
c.
her cat
d.
her defiant gaze
ANSWER:
d
23. Timothy O’Sullivan documented which of the following wars?
a.
Crimean War
b.
American Civil War
c.
Boer War
d.
War of Spanish Succession
ANSWER:
b
24. How did Corbet convey the dreary and dismal nature of menial labor in mid-19th-century France?
a.
Palette of dirty browns and grays
b.
Strong, diagonal line
c.
Bright color to highlight the labor
d.
Soft pastels for the stones
ANSWER:
a
25. Eakins’s The Gross Clinic was rejected by critics for being too _____.
a.
French
b.
brutal
c.
big
d.
intellectual
ANSWER:
b
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Chapter 12: Romanticism, Realism, and Photography, 1800 to 1870
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Page 5
26. The _____ was the English movement that refused to be tied to Realist subjects.
a.
Barbizon School
b.
sublime
c.
Hudson River School
d.
Pre-Raphaelite Brotherhood
ANSWER:
d
27. _____ was one of the founders of the Pre-Raphaelite Brotherhood.
a.
John Everett Millais
b.
Thomas Cole
c.
Thomas Eakins
d.
Charles Barry
ANSWER:
a
28. After a fire, the Houses of Parliament were rebuilt in _____ style.
a.
a Greek
b.
a Neo-Gothic
c.
a Baroque
d.
an Indian Gothic
ANSWER:
b
29. The term _____ is used to describe the fantastic exterior of the Royal Pavilion with its domes and minarets.
a.
Neo-Gothic
b.
Indian Gothic
c.
prefabricated
d.
Neoclassical
ANSWER:
b
SLIDE IDENTIFICATION
30. (Figure 12-5)
a.
Fuseli
b.
Goya
c.
Ingres
d.
Delacroix
ANSWER:
b
PREFACE NAME:
SLIDE IDENTIFICATION
31. (Figure 12-9)
a.
Constable
b.
Turner
c.
Friedrich
d.
Cole
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Chapter 12: Romanticism, Realism, and Photography, 1800 to 1870
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Page 6
ANSWER:
c
PREFACE NAME:
SLIDE IDENTIFICATION
32. (Figure 12-2)
a.
Canova
b.
Ingres
c.
Friedrich
d.
Delacroix
ANSWER:
a
PREFACE NAME:
SLIDE IDENTIFICATION
33. (Figure 12-6)
a.
Spain
b.
England
c.
Germany
d.
Italy
ANSWER:
a
PREFACE NAME:
SLIDE IDENTIFICATION
34. (Figure 12-7)
a.
Gericault
b.
Delacroix
c.
Goya
d.
Turner
ANSWER:
b
PREFACE NAME:
SLIDE IDENTIFICATION
35. (Figure 12-12)
a.
Turner
b.
Friedrich
c.
Constable
d.
Cole
ANSWER:
d
PREFACE NAME:
SLIDE IDENTIFICATION
36. (Figure 12-23)
a.
Paxton
b.
Barry
c.
Pugin
d.
Nash
ANSWER:
d
PREFACE NAME:
SLIDE IDENTIFICATION
37. (Figure 12-26)
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Chapter 12: Romanticism, Realism, and Photography, 1800 to 1870
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Page 7
a.
Daguerre
b.
Nadar
c.
O’Sullivan
d.
Talbor
ANSWER:
b
PREFACE NAME:
SLIDE IDENTIFICATION
38. (Figure 12-15)
a.
Courbet
b.
Millet
c.
Manet
d.
Eakins
ANSWER:
b
PREFACE NAME:
SLIDE IDENTIFICATION
39. (Figure 12-19)
a.
France
b.
England
c.
Italy
d.
United States
ANSWER:
d
PREFACE NAME:
SLIDE IDENTIFICATION
40. (Figure 12-18)
a.
Courbet
b.
Eakins
c.
Homer
d.
Manet
ANSWER:
d
PREFACE NAME:
SLIDE IDENTIFICATION
41. (Figure 12-20)
a.
Canova
b.
Millet
c.
Courbet
d.
Lewis
ANSWER:
d
PREFACE NAME:
SLIDE IDENTIFICATION
42. (Figure 12-2)
a.
Pre-Raphaelite
b.
Neoclassicism
c.
Realism
Name:
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Chapter 12: Romanticism, Realism, and Photography, 1800 to 1870
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Page 8
d.
Romanticism
ANSWER:
a
PREFACE NAME:
SLIDE IDENTIFICATION
43. (Figure 12-16)
a.
Daumier
b.
Homer
c.
Courbet
d.
Millet
ANSWER:
a
PREFACE NAME:
SLIDE IDENTIFICATION
44. (Figure 12-27)
a.
Daguerre
b.
Talbot
c.
Nadar
d.
O’Sullivan
ANSWER:
d
PREFACE NAME:
SLIDE IDENTIFICATION
Subjective Short Answer
45. Which aspects of Napoleon Visiting the Plague-Stricken in Jaffa reflect Orientalism?
ANSWER:
Answers may vary
46. Which stylistic features of Ingres emulated Greek art?
ANSWER:
Answers may vary
47. What concept did the philosopher Edmund Burke explore, and how was it significant to Romantic artists?
ANSWER:
Answers may vary
48. Describe the dialogue that exists in the realm of painting at the beginning of the 19th century.
ANSWER:
Answers may vary
49. How does Delacroix exemplify Romantic colorist painting?
ANSWER:
Answers may vary
50. What was Constable’s unique contribution to landscape painting?
ANSWER:
Answers may vary
51. What are the main premises of Realism, and how were they put forth by Gustave Courbet?
ANSWER:
Answers may vary
52. Describe Gustave Courbet’s painting technique.
ANSWER:
Answers may vary
Name:
Class:
Date:
53. What is lithography?
ANSWER:
Answers may vary
54. Why was Edmonia Lewis’s background unusual among artists?
ANSWER:
Answers may vary
55. What was the Pre-Raphaelite Brotherhood? Which artistic principles did they embrace?
ANSWER:
Answers may vary
56. What meaning did the Middle Ages hold for artists and architects such as Pugin?
ANSWER:
Answers may vary
Name:
Class:
Date:
Chapter 12: Romanticism, Realism, and Photography, 1800 to 1870
65. Describe the differences between Romantic and Neoclassical artists. Providing examples, please consider influences,
subjects, technique, and formal qualities.
ANSWER:
Answers may vary
66. Several artists in the 19th century used current events as their subjects. Providing examples, please describe why
certain subjects were chosen and how the artists represented them.
ANSWER:
Answers may vary
67. Why did landscape painting become such a significant subject in the Romantic movement? Describe the different
approaches to landscape at the time and the general qualities of Romantic landscapes.
ANSWER:
Answers may vary
68. Describe the factors that encouraged the emergence of Realism as a movement. Providing examples, describe subjects
and techniques that conform to Realist principles.
ANSWER:
Answers may vary
69. Describe how artists developed new approaches to color and to technique. Providing examples, explain their artistic
aims and how they challenged traditional painting.
ANSWER:
Answers may vary
70. Citing examples, describe the different approaches to the styles and techniques of architecture encountered in the 19th
century.
ANSWER:
Answers may vary
UNKNOWN IMAGES
71. Attribute the images on the screen to a culture and give an approximate date. Give the reasons for your attributions,
using complete sentences and referring to specific works discussed in class.
ANSWER:
Suggested images, not in the text:
1. Another American landscape, possibly by Bierstadt
2. Another painting by Delacroix
3. Another painting by Millet
4. Another photograph, possibly a Daguerreotype
5. Another example of Romantic architecture, possibly Charles Garner’s Paris Opera House
PREFACE NAME:
UNKNOWN IMAGES
