1.3: Implied Depth: Value and Space
1. The Belgian Surrealist artist ________ created The Treachery of Images, a work that calls our
attention to the illusionary characteristics of painting.
a.
René Magritte
d.
Edith Hayllar
b.
Thomas Hart Benton
e.
Andrea Mantegna
c.
Pierre-Paul Prud’hon
2. What did René Magritte express to his viewers when he wrote “Ceci n’est pas une pipe” (“This is
not a pipe”) on his work The Treachery of Images?
3. The lightness or darkness of a surface is the element of art called ________.
a.
value
d.
shape
b.
space
e.
color
c.
line
4. Detective movies of the 1940s were filmed in such dark tones they were referred to as film noir.
Filmmakers chose these dark values to enhance the ________ mood of the movies.
a.
playful
d.
light-hearted
b.
humorous
e.
romantic
c.
serious
5. Artists can create a sense of ________ by using light and dark values.
a.
tension
d.
depth
b.
humor
e.
height
c.
fear
6. Triangular planes make up the surface of a geodesic sphere. Planes that are closer to and facing
toward the light source tend to be lighter than planes that are further from it and facing away.
7. A series of different values that are grouped together is called a ________.
a.
value range
d.
value sampler
b.
palette
e.
film noir
c.
highlight
8. This method of applying value to a two-dimensional artwork in order to create the illusion of a
three-dimensional solid form is called ________.
a.
film noir
d.
perspective
b.
value range
e.
palette
c.
chiaroscuro
9. The chiaroscuro method uses five defined values: cast shadow, reflected light, core shadow, light,
and ________.
a.
scale
d.
palette
b.
plane
e.
highlight
c.
film noir
10. The French artist Pierre-Paul Prud’hon created chiaroscuro by using ________ chalk on paper.
a.
black and white
d.
black and blue
b.
blue and gray
e.
blue and silver
c.
red and green
11. In Caravaggio’s The Calling of St. Matthew, the artist used light and dark values to emphasize
Christ’s hand. Why did the artist draw our attention to the hand? What other features in the work
are emphasized with light and darkness?
12. The process of using a series of parallel lines set close to one another to differentiate planes of
value in a work of art is called ________.
a.
perspective
d.
core shadow
b.
hatching
e.
palette
c.
highlight
13. Hatching and cross-hatching use two-dimensional lines to communicate ________ depth.
a.
three-dimensional
d.
unexpected
b.
colorful
e.
textural
c.
actual
14. In order to create value in his drawing Head of a Satyr, Michelangelo used both hatching and
________, a variation where the lines overlap, allowing for the depiction of darker tones.
a.
atmospheric perspective
d.
cross-hatching
b.
perspective
e.
highlight
c.
chiaroscuro
15. When using a series of squares that are exactly the same shape, implied depth can be achieved by
________.
a.
alternating value
d.
relative position
b.
relative size
e.
all of these answers
c.
overlapping
16. One method used to establish depth in Beda Stjernschantz’s Pastoral (Primavera) involves placing
figures higher or lower in the composition. This process for creating depth is called ________.
a.
relative placement
d.
isometric perspective
b.
overlapping
e.
linear perspective
c.
size comparison
17. Beda Stjernschantz was a member of the Symbolists, who were interested in the relationship
between art and music. This was exemplified in a physiological condition known as ________, in
which one of the body’s senses translates the experience into another sense.
a.
synesthesia
d.
macular degeneration
b.
amnesia
e.
malaise
c.
myopia
18. The Chinese artist Fan Kuan created ________ in his work Travelers among Mountains and
Streams by alternating bands of lighter and darker values.
a.
vanishing points
d.
depth
b.
excitement
e.
geometric shapes
c.
movement
19. In addition to alternating value, Fan Kuan’s Travelers among Mountains and Streams uses this
process to give the viewer a sense that some areas are closer than others.
a.
changing visual texture
d.
hatching
b.
linear perspective
e.
highlight
c.
chiaroscuro
20. An artist can use color to indicate depth. When a color is very pure and intense then it seems to be
________.
a.
darker
d.
lighter
b.
further
e.
flatter
c.
closer
21. The painter Thomas Hart Benton varied the intensity of the color green in The Wreck of the Ole
’97 to help the viewer feel at a safe distance from the train wreck.
22. When objects are far away they lack contrast, detail, and sharpness of focus because of the
interference of air. Artists take advantage of this when they use the process called:
a.
atmospheric perspective
d.
highlight
b.
isometric perspective
e.
cross-hatching
c.
chiaroscuro
23. An artist paints a scene with a large mountain, which lacks detail and is out of focus, and a tree,
which is sharply defined and bright green. The viewer might assume that the mountain is
________ than the tree.
a.
more important
d.
further away
b.
much closer
e.
older
c.
smaller
24. Kindred Spirits by Asher Brown Durand uses the effects of ________ to give a sense of the
vastness of the American landscape.
a.
pencil drawing
d.
foreshortening
b.
atmospheric perspective
e.
color
c.
geometry
25. This system, which derives its name from the Greek meaning “equal measure,” uses diagonal
parallel lines to communicate depth.
a.
isometric perspective
d.
multi-point perspective
b.
linear perspective
e.
relative position
c.
chiaroscuro
26. Discuss how isometric perspective communicates a sense of depth when used in contemporary
video games and traditional Chinese landscape scroll painting. What do these very different media
have in common? Can you think of other examples besides those given in the text?
27. The video game Transistor uses ________ perspective.
a.
linear
d.
isometric
b.
two-point
e.
one-point
c.
multi-point
28. The video game Transistor is designed using units that can be redistributed in any configuration
using isometric perspective. These units are called ________.
a.
sliders
d.
pixels
b.
updrafts
e.
tiles
c.
tags
29. This is the system for creating an illusion of depth using three basic components: horizon line,
vanishing point, and convergence lines.
a.
linear perspective
d.
palette
b.
chiaroscuro
e.
atmospheric perspective
c.
highlight
30. Renaissance artists used a camera obscura to help them understand the basic tenets of linear
perspective. Camera obscura is a Latin phrase. What is the closest English translation?
a.
sand container
d.
pastry dish
b.
celestial cylinder
e.
computer drive
c.
dark room
31. A Summer Shower by the British artist Edith Hayllar employs linear perspective to create depth.
The painting contains imaginary sightlines that converge toward a single vanishing point. These
lines are also called ________.
a.
orthogonals
d.
hatched lines
b.
highlights
e.
chiaroscuro
c.
palettes
32. One-point perspective does convey depth, but it has limited applications due to its reliance on a
single ________.
a.
color
d.
medium
b.
shape
e.
volume
c.
vanishing point
33. Masaccio was one of the first artists to use one-point perspective. In his large fresco, Trinity, the
________ is centered in the middle of the horizon line, directly ahead of the viewer.
a.
vanishing point
d.
patron
b.
holy spirit
e.
composition
c.
camera obscura
34. This type of perspective is used when an object is being viewed from an angle rather than from
directly in front.
a.
isometric
d.
atmospheric
b.
one-point
e.
foreshortening
c.
two-point
35. This Italian artist used two-point combined with one-point perspective in his painting The School
of Athens.
a.
Raphael
d.
Alberti
b.
Brunelleschi
e.
Caravaggio
c.
Michelangelo
36. This is the area that is visible when a viewer is staring at a fixed point in space.
a.
cone of vision
d.
horizon line
b.
highlight
e.
orthogonal
c.
vanishing point
37. If you are looking straight ahead, an object that is behind you is in your cone of vision.
38. The artist can more readily reflect the complexities of the real world by using more than one
vanishing point. This is known as ________ perspective.
a.
one-point
d.
linear
b.
skewed
e.
isometric
c.
multi-point
39. Ascending and Descending, by M. C. Escher, uses ________ perspective.
a.
atmospheric
d.
three-point
b.
two-point
e.
one-point
c.
isometric
40. If an artist were to depict five people each running toward a different tree, from different starting
points, the artist would have to use multi-point perspective.
41. When the rules of perspective are applied in order to represent unusual points of view, we call this:
________.
a.
overlapping
d.
convergence
b.
chiaroscuro
e.
foreshortening
c.
highlight
42. This German artist illustrated how a figure can be drawn from an oblique angle for his own text on
drawing.
a.
Albrecht Dürer
d.
Edith Hayllar
b.
René Magritte
e.
Pierre-Paul Prud’hon
c.
M. C. Escher
43. In the DC Comics image of Superman, the figure is portrayed at an extreme angle. This ________
view creates an unusual perspective and grabs the viewer’s attention.
a.
bird’s-eye
d.
obscured
b.
foreshortened
e.
far-away
c.
isometric
44. If an artist were to draw a figure whose arm was pointing directly toward the viewer, what
technique would the artist have to use when drawing the outstretched arm?
a.
foreshortening
d.
cross-hatching
b.
highlight
e.
Surrealism
c.
chiaroscuro